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Uncertainty based on a person's mental condition or state of mind is known as


A) objective risk.
B) subjective risk.
C) objective probability.
D) subjective probability.

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Five years ago,Shannon decided to start investing.She likes ABC Telecom Company,and she invests in the company each month.As ABC Telecom is the only company in which she invests,Shannon's financial well-being will be harmed if the price of ABC Telecom stock drops significantly.The risk of investment loss can be reduced if Shannon invests in other companies and other types of financial assets.For Shannon,the risk she faces with regard to her investments is a(n)


A) enterprise risk.
B) diversifiable risk.
C) pure risk.
D) nondiversifiable risk.

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ABC Health Insurance Company sells health insurance in one state.Recently,that state's legislature passed a law forbidding health insurers from considering an individual's health history when selecting applicants to insure.This change in law will increase the possibility of unprofitable results for ABC.This type of hazard is an example of


A) physical hazard.
B) legal hazard.
C) moral hazard.
D) attitudinal hazard.

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Which of the following is an example of consequential (indirect) loss?


A) the theft of a person's jewelry
B) the destruction of a firm's manufacturing plant by an earthquake
C) the cost of renting a substitute vehicle while a collision-damaged car is being repaired
D) the vandalism of a person's automobile

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All of the following are characteristics of the liability risk that most people face EXCEPT


A) a lien may be placed on your income and assets to satisfy a legal judgment.
B) substantial legal expenses may be incurred defending the claim.
C) there is no upper limit on the amount of the loss.
D) owning liability insurance eliminates the possibility of being held legally liable.

Correct Answer

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Cathy's car hit a patch of ice on the road.The car skidded off the road and hit a tree.The presence of ice on the road is best described as a(n)


A) peril.
B) subjective risk.
C) physical hazard.
D) indirect loss.

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Jim and Paula Franklin started a dry cleaning business.The business may be successful or it may fail.The type of risk that is present when either a profit or loss could occur is called


A) pure risk.
B) subjective risk.
C) nondiversifiable risk.
D) speculative risk.

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Williams Company installed smoke detectors,a sprinkler system,and fire extinguishers in its new manufacturing facility.These devices are all examples of


A) risk control.
B) noninsurance transfer.
C) risk avoidance.
D) risk retention.

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Which of the following statements about chance of loss and risk is (are) true? I.If the chance of loss is identical for two groups,the objective risk must be the same. II.Two individuals may perceive differently the risk inherent in a given activity.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

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The premature death of an individual is an example of


A) a pure risk.
B) a speculative risk.
C) a nondiversifiable risk.
D) a physical hazard.

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Brad started a pest control business.To protect his personal assets against liability arising out of the business,Brad incorporated the business.Brad's use of the corporate form of organization to shield against personal liability claims illustrates


A) fundamental risk.
B) noninsurance transfer.
C) risk retention.
D) objective risk.

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Some characteristics of the judicial system and regulatory environment increase the frequency and severity of loss.This hazard is called


A) moral hazard.
B) physical hazard.
C) attitudinal hazard.
D) legal hazard.

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Faking an accident to collect insurance proceeds is an example of


A) physical hazard.
B) objective risk.
C) moral hazard.
D) attitudinal hazard.

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Which of the following statements about liability risks is (are) true? I.Future income and assets can be attached to pay judgments if inadequate insurance is carried. II.There is an upper limit on the amount of loss.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

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MLX Drug Company would like to market a new hypertension drug.While the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was testing the drug,it discovered that the drug produced a harmful side effect.When MLX learned of the FDA's test result,MLX abandoned its plan to produce and distribute the drug.MLX's reaction illustrates


A) risk avoidance.
B) hedging.
C) risk transfer.
D) risk retention.

Correct Answer

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An individual's personal estimate of the chance of loss is


A) an objective probability.
B) an objective risk.
C) a subjective probability.
D) an a priori probability.

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The long-run relative frequency of an event based on the assumption of an infinite number of observations with no change in the underlying conditions is called


A) objective probability.
B) objective risk.
C) subjective probability.
D) subjective risk.

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A special form of planned retention by which part or all of a give loss exposure is retained by the firm is called


A) hedging.
B) self-insurance.
C) passive retention.
D) noninsurance transfer.

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A name that encompasses all of the major risks faced by a business firm is


A) financial risk.
B) speculative risk.
C) enterprise risk.
D) pure risk.

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Which of the following statements about financial risk is (are) true? I.Enterprise risk does not include financial risk. II.Financial risk is easily addressed through the purchase of insurance.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

Correct Answer

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