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Whenever a person has two contradictory cognitions at the same time, a state of ________ exists.


A) nonreciprocity
B) cognitive dissonance
C) identity diffusion
D) cognitive congruence

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The Japanese management model ________.


A) combines the task-oriented and relationship-oriented management styles into a single overall management style
B) focuses on the task-oriented management style at the expense of the relationship- oriented style
C) ignores both the task-oriented and relationship-oriented management styles
D) focuses on the relationship-oriented management style at the expense of the task- oriented style

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The tendency of people to comply with a second, larger request after complying with a first, small request is called the ________ effect.


A) door-in-the-face
B) response cue
C) lowball
D) foot-in-the-door

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Compliance is a change in behavior in response to the specific command of someone else.

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Prejudice and discrimination are basically the same.

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A racing driver who wins an important event is most likely to attribute her performance to ________.


A) good conditions on the track
B) errors in judgment by other drivers
C) her nearly flawless performance in the event
D) being very lucky in this particular event

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An example of deindividuation is mob behavior.

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According to the ________ theory, leaders are phenomenal people who would have led any nation at any time in history.


A) common person
B) royalist
C) elitist
D) great-person

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________ is compliance in response to the command from another person, typically in a position of authority.


A) Conformity
B) Deindividuation
C) Altruism
D) Obedience

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It is possible to change someone's behavior long before you change his or her attitude about that behavior.

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Which of the following would result in cognitive dissonance?


A) Profanity is childish; my father uses profanity.
B) Exercising is healthy; I love to exercise.
C) Dresses are feminine; Nicole Kidman wears dresses.
D) Smoking is bad for my health; I love to smoke.

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The most important factor in interpersonal attraction is usually ________.


A) proximity
B) attractiveness
C) reciprocity
D) similarity

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An attitude has ________ major components.


A) five
B) two
C) four
D) three

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We are most likely to help in an emergency ________.


A) if we have no fear of negative evaluation for offering help
B) when we feel guilty
C) when there are others around who are passive and refuse to get involved
D) if the situation is ambiguous

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Obedience is a change in behavior ________.


A) in response to unspoken social norms
B) in response to a specific request
C) in response to a specific command
D) initiated on your own without any prompting from someone else

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Which of the following is not one of the factors that determine the effectiveness of a leader's style, according to the contingency model?


A) the ability to exercise power over the group
B) the size of the group
C) the relationship between the leader and group members
D) the nature of the task

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Identify and discuss the three factors influencing attribution as described by Kelley. Also, compare and contrast three types of errors in attribution.

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Kelley's model of attribution identifies...

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The tendency of people to exert less effort on a task when working in a group than when working individually is called ________.


A) social loafing
B) groupthink
C) social conformity
D) malingering

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When our expectations bring about the expected behavior in another person, our expectations have become a self-fulfilling prophecy.

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Explain what social and cultural influences are. Also, discuss the similarities and differences among norms, cultural norms, and cultural assimilators.

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Social and cultural influences refer to ...

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