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Dr. Everett is observing Robert in a sleep lab. Dr. Everett intends to wake Robert up each time he begins REM sleep. Based on the electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, Robert should be awakened each time the EEG shows


A) alpha wave activity.
B) low-voltage, high frequency beta waves.
C) the presence of sleep spindles.
D) theta wave activity.

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Research suggests that about ____ of the population does not respond to hypnosis.


A) 1-2%
B) 25-30%
C) 40%
D) 10-20%

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According to research evidence on dream content, which of the following would a student be LEAST likely to dream about?


A) falling from the top of a tall building on campus
B) being chased by his or her most feared instructor
C) a political candidate who held strong views about tuition increases
D) missing an important exam

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Consciousness includes awareness of all of the following EXCEPT


A) external events.
B) internal sensations.
C) dreams.
D) self.

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Denise is unemployed. Over the past three years she has been fired from 10 different positions. If you interpreted Denise's dream of being the CEO of a fortune 500 company as an attempt for Denise to fulfill ungratified needs from her waking life, you would be subscribing to the


A) problem-solving theory of dreams.
B) activation-synthesis theory of dreams.
C) wish-fulfillment theory of dreams.
D) neural overflow hypothesis of dreams.

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The procedure used by a hypnotist that relaxes an individual and increases his attention and suggestibility is called a


A) hypnotic induction.
B) hypnotic trance.
C) hypnotic dissociation.
D) hypnotic deduction.

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REM sleep is characterized by all of the following except


A) minimal bodily movement.
B) regular breathing and pulse rate.
C) beta waves.
D) dreaming.

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While Kimberly was hypnotized she vividly recalled the events of her first birthday party. However, when the events she described were compared with an actual video from her birthday party, most of the things she described did not actually happen. Kimberly's inaccuracy in recall lends support to the view that hypnosis


A) causes people to act out a role.
B) is the same as REM-sleep.
C) creates a dissociation in conscious awareness.
D) is the same as slow-wave sleep.

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Spiegel, Greenleaf, and Spiegel (2005) defined three components of high hypnotizability. They referred to the capacity to reduce or block peripheral awareness and narrow the focus of one's attention as


A) absorption.
B) suggestibility.
C) dissociation.
D) sensory acuity.

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Which of the following statements regarding the EEG patterns of a hypnotized person is MOST accurate?


A) The patterns are similar to those of someone in REM sleep.
B) The patterns are similar to those of someone who has been diagnosed with a multiple personality disorder.
C) The patterns are similar to those of someone who is awake.
D) The patterns are similar to those of a young child.

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Research suggests that about ____ of people are exceptionally good hypnotic subjects.


A) 1-2%
B) 20-25%
C) 10-15%
D) 40%

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According to Freud, a sexually frustrated person would probably have highly erotic dreams because, according to him, the principal purpose of a dream is


A) sexual gratification.
B) conflict resolution.
C) wish fulfillment.
D) the repression of unconscious desires.

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NREM sleep consists of which stages of sleep?


A) Stages 1 and 2
B) Stages 1, 2 and 3
C) Stages 3 and 4
D) Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4

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According to Sigmund Freud, conscious and unconscious processes are different


A) levels of reality.
B) levels of awareness.
C) streams of awareness.
D) streams of consciousness.

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During sleep, there is


A) no awareness of external stimuli.
B) no awareness of either external or internal stimuli.
C) awareness of all external stimuli.
D) selective awareness of external stimuli.

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Sleep apnea is characterized by


A) a sudden, irresistible urge to sleep during normal waking hours.
B) a reflexive gasping for air during sleep.
C) an extremely low rate of REM.
D) night terrors.

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Sheri has no trouble falling asleep, but she has difficulty remaining asleep. Sheri is suffering from


A) insomnia.
B) narcolepsy.
C) sleep apnea.
D) pseudoinsomnia.

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Alexander is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, theta waves appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Alexander


A) has just entered Stage 3 sleep.
B) is still awake, but is relaxed and drowsy.
C) has just entered Stage 1 sleep.
D) is currently in REM sleep.

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Of the following statements regarding sleepwalking, which is MOST accurate?


A) Sleepwalking occurs in REM sleep.
B) It is not safe to awaken a sleepwalker.
C) Sleepwalkers rarely hurt themselves.
D) Sleepwalkers are not acting out a dream.

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Robert experienced much severe punishment in childhood and, as a way to cope, he developed an active fantasy life. Robert would be a good candidate for


A) hypnosis.
B) meditation.
C) insomnia research.
D) drug research.

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