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Central route persuasion is most likely when people


A) are naturally analytical.
B) are uninvolved in an issue.
C) make snap judgments.
D) have difficulty paying attention.

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Bryce has always considered himself a "nonconformist," but on his first date with Amanda,he opens the car door for her and insists on paying for dinner.Bryce's behavior illustrates


A) social loafing.
B) social norms.
C) deindividuation.
D) social facilitation.

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The gradually escalating levels of destructive obedience in the Milgram experiments best illustrate one of the potential dangers of


A) deindividuation.
B) social facilitation.
C) groupthink.
D) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

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Nate is looking to purchase a new car.He was set to buy a Ford Escape,but after reading Consumer Reports,along with several positive customer reviews,he was convinced to buy a Subaru Forester,which was rated higher for fuel economy and safety.Nate's decision best illustrates the impact of


A) groupthink.
B) informational social influence.
C) social facilitation.
D) normative social influence.

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Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that


A) our attitudes and actions clash.
B) our efforts to achieve a goal have been blocked.
C) we have overestimated the impact of personal traits on behavior.
D) others' pursuit of their self-interest can harm our well-being.

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Noncompetitive contact between members of two different ethnic groups is likely to reduce prejudice when the contact is between individuals with


A) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
B) superordinate goals.
C) equal status.
D) mirror-image perceptions.

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David has issues with delinquency,hard drug use,and aggressive-bullying responses to frustration.If tested,David's level of _____ is likely to be higher than average but will decline with age.


A) unconscious patronization
B) testosterone
C) stereotyping
D) serotonin

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New Zealanders of Chinese descent and European descent were asked to quickly classify faces with blended Chinese and Caucasian physical features.Compared with observers of Chinese descent,observers of European descent more readily classified ambiguous faces as


A) Caucasian.
B) Chinese.
C) Australian.
D) American.

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Masked bandits might be more likely than unmasked bandits to physically injure their victims because of


A) deindividuation.
B) group polarization.
C) groupthink.
D) social facilitation.

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Marilyn believes that her professor's strict class attendance policy indicates that he has an overcontrolling personality rather than that it is necessary because of the limited number of class sessions in a course that meets only once a week.Her belief best illustrates


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) a situational disposition.
C) peripheral route persuasion.
D) the fundamental attribution error.

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The expectation that people should return help,not harm,to those who have helped them is called the


A) the bystander effect.
B) equity norm.
C) social-responsibility norm.
D) reciprocity norm.

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Bullying younger children earns Diego the attention and respect of many classmates.As a result,his bullying behavior increases.This most clearly suggests that his aggression is a(n)


A) reaction to frustration.
B) instinctive behavior.
C) learned response.
D) product of ingroup bias.

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Darla,who admits that she does not want Asians moving into her neighborhood,believes that they should "live with their own kind." Darla is demonstrating


A) explicit prejudice.
B) the other-race effect.
C) scapegoating.
D) implicit prejudice.

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Which of the following is LEAST likely to create deindividuation?


A) a feeling that one cannot be identified in a situation
B) heightening self-awareness by taking a video of the event
C) creating emotional arousal
D) increasing the likelihood of antisocial behavior

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Studies of identical and fraternal twins indicating that violent behavior is more likely to be shared by identical twins demonstrates the impact of


A) the environment.
B) culture.
C) genes.
D) social scripts.

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Laurel is attending school in Japan for a semester.When she visited her host family,she quickly learned that it is bad manners to wear shoes inside a home in Japan.This "rule" is an example of


A) social facilitation.
B) a norm.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) role-playing.

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According to social exchange theory,altruistic behavior is guided by


A) calculations of costs and benefits.
B) feelings of social responsibility.
C) reciprocity norms.
D) family ties.

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Group polarization refers to


A) the lack of critical thinking that results from a strong desire for harmony within a group.
B) a split within a group produced by striking differences of opinion among group members.
C) the tendency of individuals to exert more effort when working as part of a group.
D) the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through group discussion.

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Tara has very strong opinions about a proposed tuition increase.However,when Tara becomes the student representative for the college board that proposed the raise in tuition,she develops a more favorable attitude about the tuition increase.Which theory best explains why?


A) attribution theory
B) two-factor theory
C) cognitive dissonance theory
D) role-playing theory

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When his dog stretches its legs,Mason finds himself stretching his legs.This is an example of


A) informational social influence.
B) automatic mimicry.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) personal control.

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