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A nutrient-dense source of thiamin is


A) citrus fruits.
B) milk and milk products.
C) pork and pork products.
D) leafy green vegetables.

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Thiamin should be given to an alcoholic patient who has


A) pellagra.
B) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
C) pernicious anemia.
D) scurvy.

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Supplements of the water-soluble vitamins ______ and _______ are most likely to cause toxicity symptoms.


A) thiamin; riboflavin
B) vitamin B-12; pantothenic acid
C) vitamin B-6; vitamin C
D) biotin; vitamin B-12

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A major role of folate in cellular metabolism is the


A) synthesis of steroid hormones.
B) conversion of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids.
C) formation of glucose from galactose and fructose.
D) synthesis of purine and pyrimidine bases in RNA and DNA.

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Irreversible nerve damage may be caused by excessive intake of _______ supplements.


A) vitamin B-12
B) vitamin B-6
C) tryptophan
D) vitamin C

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Important contributors to niacin intake in the American diet are


A) poultry,meat,and fish.
B) citrus fruits,kiwi,and bananas.
C) milk,cheese,and yogurt.
D) spinach,kale,and broccoli.

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Discuss the roles of thiamin,riboflavin,niacin,and pantothenic acid in energy metabolism.

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Bright yellow urine usually is indicative that someone is supplementing with


A) niacin.
B) vitamin A.
C) vitamin K.
D) riboflavin.

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In the average U.S.diet,a quarter of the riboflavin comes from one food group,the


A) fruit group.
B) vegetable group.
C) milk group.
D) grains group.
E) meat & beans group.

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Niacin can be obtained from foods as the vitamin itself (preformed niacin) or be synthesized


A) from the B vitamin riboflavin.
B) from the essential amino acid tryptophan.
C) by bacteria in the large intestine.
D) All of the choices are correct.

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Vitamin B-12 is supplied mostly in


A) fruits and vegetables.
B) cereal grains.
C) foods of animal origin.
D) None of these answers are correct.

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Supplemental vitamin B-6,vitamin B-12,and folic acid can reduce blood levels of homocysteine but have not been proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Which of the following foods represents the most nutrient-dense source of riboflavin?


A) low-fat milk
B) applesauce
C) whole wheat bread
D) green leafy vegetables

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Research shows that supplemental vitamin B-6 is most likely to aid those experiencing


A) nausea associated with pregnancy.
B) pellagra.
C) premenstrual syndrome.
D) depression.

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A diet that provides 75 g protein per day can contribute __________ mg niacin from tryptophan.


A) 25
B) 7.5
C) 12.5
D) <5

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A high intake of raw egg whites (>12 per day) can inhibit absorption of


A) folate.
B) vitamin B-12.
C) pantothenic acid.
D) biotin.

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Match the water-soluble vitamin with its function in cellular metabolism.

Premises
Thiamin
Pantothenic acid
Biotin
Folate
Riboflavin
Vitamin C
Responses
Is a part of the molecule acetyl CoA
Participates in oxidation and reduction reactions in energy metabolism
Functions in the exchange of single carbon groups
Adds carbon dioxide to compounds such as pyruvate
Removes carbon dioxide from compounds such as pyruvate
Donates electrons to iron and copper metal ions

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Thiamin
Pantothenic acid
Biotin
Folate
Riboflavin
Vitamin C

Thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) ,the coenzyme form of thiamin,is


A) essential for the various oxidation-reduction reactions of the electron transport system.
B) essential for the addition of two carbon fragments to fatty acids.
C) essential for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate.
D) not really needed because our contemporary diets are low in carbohydrate.

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The coenzyme form of riboflavin is


A) TPP.
B) ATP.
C) FAD.
D) NAD.

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Describe why good folate status is especially important for young women.

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