Question 1

If Newton's law of universal gravitation turned out to be Gm1m2/r rather than Gm1m2/r2, tides on Earth

Accepted Answer

A)   would still occur because each side of the Earth would feel a different gravitational force from the Moon.
B)   would not happen because the force of gravity from the Moon would be too strong.
C)   would not occur because the Sun would cancel out the Moon's gravity.
D)   would not occur because gravity would then be a repulsive force.

Question 2

If the Earth rotated more slowly so that the length of a day was longer, the radius of a communications satellite in synchronous orbit would be _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the Earth rotated more slowly so...

Question 3

Two satellites are launched into circular orbits about the Earth. The one closer to the Earth has a period of 90 minutes. The one farther away will have a period which is _____________ (longer than, shorter than, or the same as) 90 minutes.

Accepted Answer

longer or longer than

Question 4

In his model of the motions of the planets, Copernicus

Accepted Answer

A)   assumed that the Earth is the center of the solar system.
B)   revived the idea that our solar system is heliocentric (Sun-centered) .
C)   found that the planets move in paths shaped like ellipses.
D)   was able to make predictions that were much more accurate than Ptolemy's model.

Question 5

A man weighs 650 N while on the surface of Earth. If he is transported to the planet Mythos, which has the same mass as Earth but a radius that is five times larger than Earth's, his weight would be

Accepted Answer

A)   16,250 N.
B)   3,250 N.
C)   650 N.
D)   130 N.
E)   26 N.

Question 6

A banked curve in a roadway is designed for a speed of 35 mph. During an ice storm cars should be able to safely negotiate this curve at 35 mph, because at this speed

Accepted Answer

A)   the necessary centripetal force is supplied entirely by gravity.
B)   (and at all speeds)  the acceleration vector of the car points down, helping maintain stability.
C)   the necessary centripetal force is supplied entirely by the normal force from the road.
D)   the centrifugal force of the car exactly balances the centripetal force.

Question 7

A full Moon is just now rising. Approximately what time of day is it?

Accepted Answer

A)   6 PM (sunset) 
B)   Midnight
C)   6 AM (sunrise) 
D)   Noon
E)   It could be any time of day.

Question 8

A lunar eclipse can only happen when the moon is ____________ (what moon phase).

Accepted Answer

The answer of A lunar eclipse can only happen when...

Question 9

Kepler's three laws of planetary motion were useful but not considered fully explained until

Accepted Answer

A)   Galileo developed the telescope for astronomical observation.
B)   Vivaldi composed his astronomical concerto, "The Four Seasons."
C)   Pythagoras developed his famous theorem about right triangles and the Golden Ratio.
D)   Newton introduced the law of universal gravitation for astronomical and terrestrial objects.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a vector?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acceleration
B)   Mass
C)   Weight
D)   Velocity
E)   All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

What are the units for the constant G used in Newton's law of universal gravitation?

Accepted Answer

A)   kg2/m2
B)   kg m /s2
C)   (N m2) /kg2
D)   N/m2
E)   None of these

Question 12

When you swing your partner at an old-time square dance, you lock elbows and your partner is also swinging you. As a result, you both move in a circle. For this reason,

Accepted Answer

A)   you must pull your partner toward you and your partner must push you.
B)   you both must push outward against each other.
C)   your partner and you mutually and simultaneously pull each other.
D)   your pull cancels out your partner's pull, making for zero net force and no acceleration.

Question 13

According to Newton's Law of Gravitation, if the distance between two bodies is doubled the attractive force between them becomes

Accepted Answer

A)   unchanged.
B)   twice as large.
C)   half as large.
D)   four times as large.
E)   one quarter as large. E

Question 14

After their rocket engines shut off, astronauts experience weightlessness in the orbiting Space Shuttle,

Accepted Answer

A)   but they are not accelerating, since nothing actually has weight in space.
B)   and they are accelerating because they are actually in free-fall.
C)   and they are accelerating because they have constant velocity as they pass overhead.
D)   but they cannot accelerate because their rocket engines are shut off.

Question 15

Two cars that have the same mass are moving around a circular track at the same constant speed. The track is perfectly level. If car 1 is at the inner edge of the track and car 2 is at the outer edge, then

Accepted Answer

A)   the frictional force on car 1 is greater than the frictional force on car 2.
B)   the frictional force on car 1 is less than the frictional force on car 2.
C)   the frictional forces on both cars are equal and greater than zero.
D)   the frictional force on both cars is zero.

Question 16

The heliocentric model of the solar system gained preference over the early Greek epicycle model because

Accepted Answer

A)   the heliocentric model gave a more accurate description of observed planetary motions.
B)   the heliocentric model was simpler.
C)   only the heliocentric model could explain retrograde motion.

Question 17

On a two-lane highway (not divided) , a car headed north experiences a centripetal acceleration directed toward the west. Simultaneously, a truck passes the car, headed south in the other lane. The direction of the centripetal acceleration on the truck is

Accepted Answer

A)   west.
B)   east.
C)   north.
D)   south. A

Question 18

The Sun and Moon both have an effect on the tides. Which one has the larger effect, and why?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Moon, because its force differs more between the surface and center of the Earth.
B)   The Sun, because its force differs more between the surface and center of the Earth.
C)   The Moon, because it exerts a larger force on the ocean.
D)   The Sun, because it exerts a larger force on the ocean.
E)   Both the sun and Moon equally affect the tides.

Question 19

If a person sits on a bathroom scale while riding on a Ferris wheel, the reading on the scale will be lowest while passing through the _______________ point (indicate a point in the path).

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a person sits on a bathroom...

Question 20

Two stars of different mass move directly toward each other. As the distance between the stars decreases, the speed of the stars

Accepted Answer

A)   gets smaller for both.
B)   stays the same for both.
C)   increases for both.
D)   stays constant for the larger one and increases for the smaller one.
E)   stays constant for the smaller one and decreases for the larger one.

Exam 5: Circular Motion, the Planets, and Gravity

If Newton's law of universal gravitation turned out to be Gm1m2/r rather than Gm1m2/r2, tides on Earth

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the Earth rotated more slowly so that the length of a day was longer, the radius of a communications satellite in synchronous orbit would be _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two satellites are launched into circular orbits about the Earth. The one closer to the Earth has a period of 90 minutes. The one farther away will have a period which is _____________ (longer than, shorter than, or the same as) 90 minutes.

Correct Answerverifiedlonger or longer than

In his model of the motions of the planets, Copernicus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A man weighs 650 N while on the surface of Earth. If he is transported to the planet Mythos, which has the same mass as Earth but a radius that is five times larger than Earth's, his weight would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A banked curve in a roadway is designed for a speed of 35 mph. During an ice storm cars should be able to safely negotiate this curve at 35 mph, because at this speed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A full Moon is just now rising. Approximately what time of day is it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A lunar eclipse can only happen when the moon is ____________ (what moon phase).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kepler's three laws of planetary motion were useful but not considered fully explained until

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a vector?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the units for the constant G used in Newton's law of universal gravitation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you swing your partner at an old-time square dance, you lock elbows and your partner is also swinging you. As a result, you both move in a circle. For this reason,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Newton's Law of Gravitation, if the distance between two bodies is doubled the attractive force between them becomes

Correct AnswerverifiedE

After their rocket engines shut off, astronauts experience weightlessness in the orbiting Space Shuttle,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two cars that have the same mass are moving around a circular track at the same constant speed. The track is perfectly level. If car 1 is at the inner edge of the track and car 2 is at the outer edge, then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heliocentric model of the solar system gained preference over the early Greek epicycle model because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On a two-lane highway (not divided) , a car headed north experiences a centripetal acceleration directed toward the west. Simultaneously, a truck passes the car, headed south in the other lane. The direction of the centripetal acceleration on the truck is

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The Sun and Moon both have an effect on the tides. Which one has the larger effect, and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a person sits on a bathroom scale while riding on a Ferris wheel, the reading on the scale will be lowest while passing through the _______________ point (indicate a point in the path).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two stars of different mass move directly toward each other. As the distance between the stars decreases, the speed of the stars

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If Newton's law of universal gravitation turned out to be Gm₁m₂/r rather than Gm₁m₂/r², tides on Earth

Correct Answer
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