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Exam 14: The Changing Climate

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Question 21

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Variations in the shape of the earth's orbit:

A) have a cycle of about 100,000 years.
B) are related to changes in sunspot activity on the surface of the Sun.
C) will eventually lead to the earth having a perfectly circular orbit.
D) have a cycle of about three million years.

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Question 22

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Studies of past climates have shown that climate has varied only on time scales of tens of thousands to millions of years.

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Question 23

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Global warming may cause changes in Earth's albedo.

What term is used to describe the strategy used by scientists who are trying to predict the differing outcomes for a wide range of possible assumptions?

Which of these is the most important cause of the increase in atmospheric CO₂?

Carbon dioxide is the only greenhouse gas that has displayed increasing concentrations over the last century.

According to glacial ice records, the Earth was significantly cooler between 10,000 and 40,000 years ago than it is today.

It is believed that the temperature rise caused by increased atmospheric carbon dioxide will be greater in the tropics than in the polar regions.

We have not yet established the impact of solar variability on the Earth's climate system because:

CO₂ concentrations today are not any higher than they have been during past high points over the last 400,000 years.

The group assembled by the World Meteorological Organization for the purpose of assessing the known information related to human- induced climate change is known as:

When did the supercontinent Pangaea exist?

Sea floor sediments provide useful climate data because they contain:

The tilt of the earth's axis varies between 22.1 and 28.5 degrees.

Measured variations in the Sun's emission of radiation and observed changes in the earth's climate:

Most experts agree that the process of global warming can be reversed within a few years if there is sufficient global cooperation.

List four greenhouse gases.

The continents have been in the exact same locations since the earth began.

Carbon dioxide is released to the atmosphere as vegetation decays.

Since the 1970s, the mean global temperature has risen by about 0.6°C.