Question 1

The BER refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   basic eating reflex ensuring that food is moved along the digestive tract at an appropriate rate.
B)   basic electrical rhythm consisting of spontaneous, rhythmic, wavelike fluctuations in membrane potential.
C)   basic emptying reflex, which governs the rate of gastric emptying.
D)   bowel evacuation reflex or defecation reflex.
E)   None of these

Question 2

Which statement is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   In general, parasympathetic stimulation is excitatory to the digestive system.
B)   Parasympathetic innervation to the digestive tract comes primarily through the vagus nerve.
C)   Parasympathetic innervation is part of the extrinsic nerve supply to the digestive tract.
D)   Parasympathetic stimulation of the salivary glands produces a saliva rich in mucus.
E)   Parasympathetic stimulation increases salivary, gastric, pancreatic, and biliary secretion.

Question 3

Complete each of the following statments.
The extent of absorption of the electrolytes ____________________ and ____________________ is regulated depending on the body's needs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The extent...

Question 4

Which statement regarding control of digestive processes is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Short reflexes influence motility and secretion in localized areas.
B)   All elements of the short reflexes are contained within the digestive organ's wall.
C)   Hormones play a role.
D)   Osmoreceptors monitor the acidity of the luminal contents.
E)   There are stretch receptors in the walls of digestive organs.

Question 5

Which of the following is the most important stimulus for contraction of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

A)   CCK
B)   mechanical contraction of the small intestine
C)   sympathetic stimulation
D)   an increase in bile secretion by the liver
E)   bile salts

Question 6

Which statement regarding gastric motility and emptying is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased fluidity allows more rapid emptying.
B)   Presence of acid and fat in the stomach initiates the enterogastric reflex.
C)   Increased gastric volume stimulates motility.
D)   Vagal activity stimulates motility.
E)   Distention of the stomach initiates short reflexes.

Question 7

HCl activates pepsinogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Secondary peristaltic waves in the esophagus

Accepted Answer

A)   occur when a large or sticky bolus becomes stuck in the esophagus
B)   are coordinated by the swallowing center
C)   are coordinated by extrinsic nerve signals
D)   occur when a large or sticky bolus becomes stuck in the esophagus, and are coordinated by the swallowing center
E)   occur when a large or sticky bolus becomes stuck in the esophagus, and are coordinated by extrinsic nerve signals

Question 9

Inhibition of gastric secretion following a meal is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)   the enterogastric reflex
B)   inhibition of the pyloric gland area by vagal stimulation
C)   a high concentration of H+, which directly inhibits the release of gastrin
D)   the enterogastric reflex and a high concentration of H+, which directly inhibits the release of gastrin
E)   all of these

Question 10

Peristaltic antral contractions

Accepted Answer

A)   occur at a rate of 3/min
B)   are responsible for emptying food into the duodenum
C)   are responsible for mixing food and gastric enzymes within the antrum
D)   are the result of smooth muscle contractions
E)   all of these

Question 11

Where is digestion completed?

Accepted Answer

A)   stomach
B)   small intestine lumen
C)   on the brush borders of the small intestine epithelial cells
D)   colon
E)   rectum

Question 12

Complete each of the following statments.
The four basic digestive processes are ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

motility, ...

Question 13

Complete each of the following statments.
The primary wave of peristalsis in the esophagus is initiated by the ____________________. If this primary wave fails to push the bolus to the stomach, a secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

swallowing...

Question 14

As food leaves the stomach, gastric secretion is reduced. Which of the following factors does not contribute to this reduction?

Accepted Answer

A)   fat in the duodenum
B)   low gastric pH
C)   distention of the duodenum
D)   high concentration of acid in the stomach or duodenum
E)   pepsinogen in the duodenum

Question 15

Complete each of the following statments.
Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
Excessive accumulation...

Question 16

Complete each of the following statments.
When worn-out red blood cells are destroyed and the hemoglobin is degraded to a yellow pigment known as ____________________, which is excreted into the bile.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
When worn-out...

Question 17

The pancreas secretes enzymes involved in the digestion of all three categories of foodstuff.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The pyloric gland area of the stomach antrum

Accepted Answer

A)   secretes gastrin
B)   is inhibited when gastric pH falls too high
C)   is stimulated by the presence of glucose
D)   all of these
E)   is inhibited when gastric pH falls too high and by the presence of glucose.

Question 19

Humans are not capable of digesting cellulose, but some of the enteric bacteria have this capability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Pepsin formation in the stomach is autocatalytic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: A--The Digestive System

Inhibition of gastric secretion following a meal is accomplished by

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Humans are not capable of digesting cellulose, but some of the enteric bacteria have this capability.

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Complete each of the following statments. The four basic digestive processes are ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Correct Answerverifiedmotility, ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which statement regarding gastric motility and emptying is incorrect?

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The pyloric gland area of the stomach antrum

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Which of the following is the most important stimulus for contraction of the gallbladder?

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Pepsin formation in the stomach is autocatalytic.

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Which statement regarding control of digestive processes is incorrect?

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Complete each of the following statments. When worn-out red blood cells are destroyed and the hemoglobin is degraded to a yellow pigment known as ____________________, which is excreted into the bile.

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Complete each of the following statments. Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

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HCl activates pepsinogen.

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Peristaltic antral contractions

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Where is digestion completed?

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As food leaves the stomach, gastric secretion is reduced. Which of the following factors does not contribute to this reduction?

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Secondary peristaltic waves in the esophagus

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Complete each of the following statments. The extent of absorption of the electrolytes ____________________ and ____________________ is regulated depending on the body's needs.

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The pancreas secretes enzymes involved in the digestion of all three categories of foodstuff.

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Which statement is incorrect?

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The BER refers to the

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Complete each of the following statments. The primary wave of peristalsis in the esophagus is initiated by the ____________________. If this primary wave fails to push the bolus to the stomach, a secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by the ____________________.

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Complete each of the following statments. The four basic digestive processes are , , , and .

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motility, ...
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Complete each of the following statments. The extent of absorption of the electrolytes and is regulated depending on the body's needs.

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Complete each of the following statments. The primary wave of peristalsis in the esophagus is initiated by the . If this primary wave fails to push the bolus to the stomach, a secondary peristaltic wave is initiated by the .

Correct Answer
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swallowing...
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