Question 1

Spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning constitute

Accepted Answer

A)   semantics.
B)   syntax.
C)   grammar.
D)   language.

Question 2

After two minutes of exposure to an unbroken monotone string of nonsense syllables, infants could recognize three-syllable sequences that appeared repeatedly. This best illustrates the importance of ________ in language development.

Accepted Answer

A)   process simulation
B)   babbling
C)   statistical learning
D)   telegraphic speech

Question 3

The auditory cortex is especially likely to become responsive to visual input for those who

Accepted Answer

A)   hear with the aid of a cochlear implant.
B)   see with the aid of eyeglasses.
C)   have been deaf from birth.
D)   have been blind from birth.

Question 4

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

Accepted Answer

A)   speak in single words that may be barely recognizable.
B)   imitate adult syntax.
C)   make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language.
D)   alternate equally between verbal and manual babbling.

Question 5

A system of rules for deriving meaning from sounds and for ordering words into sentences is called

Accepted Answer

A)   grammar.
B)   an algorithm.
C)   receptive language.
D)   linguistic determinism.

Question 6

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the ________ stage of language development.

Accepted Answer

A)   syntactic
B)   babbling
C)   one-word
D)   telegraphic speech

Question 7

Damage to different cortical areas results in different forms of aphasia. This best illustrates that language processing involves multiple

Accepted Answer

A)   prototypes.
B)   semantics.
C)   critical periods.
D)   neural networks.

Question 8

Which of the following was cited by Whorf as evidence in support of the linguistic determinism hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   The generic pronoun "he" is just as likely to trigger images of women as of men.
B)   People with no words for colors can still perceive color differences.
C)   The Hopi cannot readily think about the past because their language has no past tense for verbs.
D)   Chimpanzees can use signs and gestures to communicate with other members of their own species.

Question 9

The fact that all human languages have nouns, verbs, and adjectives led Noam Chomsky to refer to

Accepted Answer

A)   linguistic determinism.
B)   universal grammar.
C)   telegraphic speech.
D)   statistical learning.

Question 10

When her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood that the word "arms" referred to weapons and not to body parts. Krista's correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   semantics.
B)   syntax.
C)   morphemes.
D)   prototypes.

Question 11

Syntax refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   correct arrangement of words into grammatically sensible sentences.
B)   derivation of meaning from sounds.
C)   smallest speech unit that carries meaning.
D)   the effect of thinking on language.

Question 12

The part of the left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   Broca's area.
B)   the motor cortex.
C)   Wernicke's area.
D)   the sensory cortex.

Question 13

When Fred pronounced the words "this" and "that," he noticed that they share a common

Accepted Answer

A)   prototype.
B)   morpheme.
C)   syntax.
D)   phoneme.

Question 14

Research on the language capabilities of apes indicates that they cannot

Accepted Answer

A)   translate spoken words into signs.
B)   acquire a vocabulary of more than two dozen signs.
C)   use signs to communicate with other members of their own species.
D)   grammatically order language symbols as well as most 3-year-old children.

Question 15

Noam Chomsky argues that children's readiness to learn language is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   telegraphic speech.
B)   outcome simulation.
C)   universal grammar.
D)   biological predisposition.

Question 16

The ability to comprehend the meaning of speech is called

Accepted Answer

A)   syntax.
B)   productive language.
C)   receptive language.
D)   semantics.

Question 17

The women's basketball team at the University of Tennessee improved in free-throw shooting after practicing

Accepted Answer

A)   outcome simulations.
B)   mental imagery.
C)   telegraphic speech.
D)   determinism.

Question 18

Research suggests that humans can most easily master the grammar of a second language during

Accepted Answer

A)   childhood.
B)   adolescence.
C)   early adulthood.
D)   late adulthood.

Question 19

Introductory psychology students were more likely to achieve a good midterm exam grade if prior to the exam they repeatedly practiced visual imagery that involved

Accepted Answer

A)   receptive language.
B)   an outcome simulation.
C)   productive language.
D)   a process simulation.

Question 20

Babies' first demonstration of productive language occurs

Accepted Answer

A)   prior to the babbling stage.
B)   during the babbling stage.
C)   during the one-word stage.
D)   during the two-word stage.

Exam 28: A: Language and Thought

A system of rules for deriving meaning from sounds and for ordering words into sentences is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After two minutes of exposure to an unbroken monotone string of nonsense syllables, infants could recognize three-syllable sequences that appeared repeatedly. This best illustrates the importance of ________ in language development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the ________ stage of language development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The women's basketball team at the University of Tennessee improved in free-throw shooting after practicing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The auditory cortex is especially likely to become responsive to visual input for those who

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Noam Chomsky argues that children's readiness to learn language is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning constitute

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to different cortical areas results in different forms of aphasia. This best illustrates that language processing involves multiple

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was cited by Whorf as evidence in support of the linguistic determinism hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood that the word "arms" referred to weapons and not to body parts. Krista's correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the language capabilities of apes indicates that they cannot

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Fred pronounced the words "this" and "that," he noticed that they share a common

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research suggests that humans can most easily master the grammar of a second language during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability to comprehend the meaning of speech is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introductory psychology students were more likely to achieve a good midterm exam grade if prior to the exam they repeatedly practiced visual imagery that involved

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that all human languages have nouns, verbs, and adjectives led Noam Chomsky to refer to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Babies' first demonstration of productive language occurs

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Syntax refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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