Question 1

The nurse caring for a client with an infection knows a contributing factor to the development of drug resistance is the presence of bacterial genetic errors called:

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmids.
B)  mutations.
C)  conjugates.
D)  duplications.

Question 2

A client has been on an antibiotic for 2 weeks for treatment of an ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori.The client asks the nurse if the antibiotic could be causing diarrhea.What is the nurse's most accurate response?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The infection has become severe."
B)  "This might be a secondary infection due to the antibiotic therapy."
C)  "The infection has a restricted group of microorganisms."
D)  "The organisms that caused the infection have developed immunity to the drug."

Question 3

A pregnant client is seen in the emergency department for an infection.The nurse anticipates that antibiotics prescribed for this client would not include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  ampicillin.
B)  minocycline.
C)  neomycin.
D)  streptomycin.
E)  doxycycline. B,C,D,E

Question 4

The nurse knows that which antibiotic,when taken by a pregnant woman,can adversely affect the newborn's hearing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycins
B)  Aminoglycosides
C)  Sulfonamides
D)  Tetracyclines B

Question 5

The nurse is discharging a client with a prescription for penicillin.The client asks the nurse how this antibiotic works.The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that the mechanism of action of this class of anti-infectives is: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting cell wall synthesis.
B)  causing disruption of the cell wall,resulting in the cell absorbing water and lysing.
C)  binding to specific proteins,resulting in the cell's inability to build a wall.
D)  interfering with the transfer of ribonucleic acid (RN
A)  .
E)  changing the permeability of the cell membrane.

Question 6

Pathogenicity refers to an organism's ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)  cause disease.
B)  penetrate anatomic barriers more easily.
C)  multiply more rapidly.
D)  use oxygen.

Question 7

Which client would require the administration of prophylactic antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  A client with inflammation at the infection site
B)  A client with a viral infection
C)  A client with a suppressed immune system
D)  A client with pus at the infection site

Question 8

The health care provider asks the nurse to tell a client that tests confirm the client has a health care-associated infection (HAI) .The nurse explains to the client that common sources of HAIs include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  the respiratory tract.
B)  the urinary tract.
C)  intravascular (IV) lines.
D)  visitors with infectious illness.
E)  drug-resistant bacteria.

Question 9

The emergency department nurse anticipates that prophylactic antibiotics will likely be used to treat: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  a client with a suppressed immune system.
B)  a client who has been bitten by a dog.
C)  a client whose spouse has been diagnosed with tuberculosis (T
B)  .
D)  a client who is being treated for a venereal disease.
E)  a client who has just delivered a premature baby.

Question 10

An advantage of using a broad-spectrum antibiotic is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is effective against a large number of organisms.
B)  it is effective against a small number of organisms.
C)  it has a high potency.
D)  it produces a large number of side effects. A

Question 11

A client is admitted to the emergency department for an infection.The nurse recognizes that host factors that play a role in the selection of anti-infective therapy include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  status of immune system.
B)  location of the infection.
C)  history of allergic reactions.
D)  previous infections.
E)  results of culture and sensitivity (C&S) .

Question 12

A female client is prescribed tetracycline for acne.When providing information regarding this drug,the nurse explains that tetracycline:

Accepted Answer

A)  is contraindicated in people over 20 years old.
B)  is classified as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
C)  has been identified to be unsafe during pregnancy.
D)  is used to treat a wide variety of disease processes.

Question 13

The client asks the nurse why culture and sensitivity (C&S) testing has to be done prior to starting the antibiotic for a urinary tract infection (UTI) .The nurse explains that several organisms can cause UTIs and a C&S is performed to identify the organism.Which organism could be isolated on this client's C&S? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli
B)  Enterococci
C)  Proteus mirabilis
D)  Treponema
E)  Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 14

The nursing student asks the instructor how concepts from microbiology directly relate to client care.The instructor's best response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  "It will assist you in understanding how health care providers choose anti-infective agents."
B)  "Knowledge of bacteria and their classification assists in the management of anti-infective therapy."
C)  "Studying microbiology will help you understand laboratory reports."
D)  "Microbiology is one of the few science electives that do not really have any direct effects on client care."

Question 15

Anti-infectives are grouped into pharmacological classes by their:

Accepted Answer

A)  staining ability.
B)  size or shape.
C)  sensitivity.
D)  mechanism of action.

Question 16

The client asks the nurse why the health care provider did not prescribe the same antibiotic that the client always receives for an infection.The best response by the nurse would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  "It doesn't matter which antibiotic you take."
B)  "You don't want to take the same antibiotic all the time."
C)  "Try this medicine,and if you're not better in 10 days,return to the office."
D)  "These bacteria have developed resistance and will respond better to this antibiotic."

Question 17

The client on penicillin who is complaining of an abnormal vaginal discharge has a superinfection secondary to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a nosocomial infection.
B)  an overdose of penicillin.
C)  the destruction by penicillin of normal flora in the vagina.
D)  the development of an organism resistant to penicillin.

Question 18

A client is unable to give a urine sample for a culture and sensitivity (C&S) and asks the nurse why the health care provider does not just prescribe a "really strong" antibiotic.The nurse responds that careful selection of the correct antibiotic is important because prescribing the wrong antibiotic: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  will delay effective treatment.
B)  will give the bacteria more time to grow.
C)  can contribute to the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
D)  could result in a lawsuit.
E)  could result in an allergic response.

Question 19

The nurse is preparing to admit a client with a serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.The nurse knows MRSA will not respond to treatment with: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  fluoroquinolones.
B)  macrolides.
C)  aminoglycosides.
D)  tetracyclines.
E)  linezolid.

Question 20

Invasiveness refers to a pathogen's ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)  produce endotoxins in greater abundance.
B)  multiply more rapidly.
C)  increase its virulence.
D)  penetrate anatomic barriers more easily.

Exam 46: Basic Principles of Anti-Infective Pharmacotherapy

The nurse caring for a client with an infection knows a contributing factor to the development of drug resistance is the presence of bacterial genetic errors called:

Correct Answer
verified

A client has been on an antibiotic for 2 weeks for treatment of an ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori.The client asks the nurse if the antibiotic could be causing diarrhea.What is the nurse's most accurate response?

Correct Answer
verified

A pregnant client is seen in the emergency department for an infection.The nurse anticipates that antibiotics prescribed for this client would not include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified
B,C,D,E

The nurse knows that which antibiotic,when taken by a pregnant woman,can adversely affect the newborn's hearing?

Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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Pathogenicity refers to an organism's ability to:

Correct Answer
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Which client would require the administration of prophylactic antibiotics?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The emergency department nurse anticipates that prophylactic antibiotics will likely be used to treat: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
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An advantage of using a broad-spectrum antibiotic is that:

Correct Answer
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A

Correct Answer
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A female client is prescribed tetracycline for acne.When providing information regarding this drug,the nurse explains that tetracycline:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The nursing student asks the instructor how concepts from microbiology directly relate to client care.The instructor's best response is:

Correct Answer
verified

Anti-infectives are grouped into pharmacological classes by their:

Correct Answer
verified

The client asks the nurse why the health care provider did not prescribe the same antibiotic that the client always receives for an infection.The best response by the nurse would be:

Correct Answer
verified

The client on penicillin who is complaining of an abnormal vaginal discharge has a superinfection secondary to:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Invasiveness refers to a pathogen's ability to:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 46: Basic Principles of Anti-Infective Pharmacotherapy

The nurse caring for a client with an infection knows a contributing factor to the development of drug resistance is the presence of bacterial genetic errors called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client has been on an antibiotic for 2 weeks for treatment of an ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori.The client asks the nurse if the antibiotic could be causing diarrhea.What is the nurse's most accurate response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pregnant client is seen in the emergency department for an infection.The nurse anticipates that antibiotics prescribed for this client would not include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedB,C,D,E

The nurse knows that which antibiotic,when taken by a pregnant woman,can adversely affect the newborn's hearing?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pathogenicity refers to an organism's ability to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which client would require the administration of prophylactic antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The emergency department nurse anticipates that prophylactic antibiotics will likely be used to treat: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An advantage of using a broad-spectrum antibiotic is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A female client is prescribed tetracycline for acne.When providing information regarding this drug,the nurse explains that tetracycline:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nursing student asks the instructor how concepts from microbiology directly relate to client care.The instructor's best response is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anti-infectives are grouped into pharmacological classes by their:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The client asks the nurse why the health care provider did not prescribe the same antibiotic that the client always receives for an infection.The best response by the nurse would be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The client on penicillin who is complaining of an abnormal vaginal discharge has a superinfection secondary to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Invasiveness refers to a pathogen's ability to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B,C,D,E

Correct Answer
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B

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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