Question 1

-Examine the table of codons in the figure above.What amino acid sequence will be produced based on the following mRNA codon sequence?
5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'

Accepted Answer

A)  met-arg-glu-arg-glu-arg
B)  met-glu-arg-arg-glu-leu
C)  met-ser-leu-ser-leu-ser
D)  met-ser-ser-leu-ser-leu

Question 2

The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion of a single codon.What is the most likely result of this mutation in the protein product?

Accepted Answer

A)  a base-pair substitution
B)  a nucleotide mismatch
C)  a frameshift mutation
D)  a polypeptide missing an amino acid

Question 3

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  GTP
B)  DNA
C)  tRNA
D)  ribosomes B

Question 4

Suppose that an error in transcription alters the formation of a single tRNA molecule in a cell.The altered tRNA still attaches to the same amino acid (Phe) ,but its anticodon loop has the sequence AAU,which binds to the mRNA codon UUA (usually specifying the amino acid leucine,Leu) .What will be the effect on the translation of polypeptides in this cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The altered tRNA will cause this mRNA to make only nonfunctioning product.
B)  The tRNA-Leu will not be able to enter the ribosome to bind to the UUA codon.
C)  One altered tRNA molecule will have little effect because it will compete with many "normal" ones.
D)  The altered tRNA will result in an amino acid variant in all copies of the protein.

Question 5

In what way could a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the function of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  It might result in a chromosomal translocation.
B)  It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.
C)  It might exchange one serine codon for a different serine codon.
D)  It might substitute a different amino acid in the protein,which could change its function.

Question 6

Which of the following statements describes one of the functions of GTP in translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  GTP provides the energy for the formation of the initiation complex,using initiation factors.
B)  GTP is hydrolyzed to provide phosphate groups for tRNA binding.
C)  GTP is hydrolyzed to provide energy for breaking peptide bonds.
D)  GTP supplies phosphates and energy to make ATP from ADP.

Question 7

Use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the question.E1-4 refer to the exons,and I1-3 refer to the introns in the pre-mRNA transcript.
5' UTR E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4 UTR 3'
Which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A)  5' UTR I1 I2 I3 UTR 3'
B)  5' E1 E2 E3 E4 3'
C)  5' UTR E1 E2 E3 E4 UTR 3'
D)  5' I1 I2 I3 3'

Question 8

Which of the following types of mutations could result in a frameshift mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a base insertion only
B)  a base deletion only
C)  a base substitution only
D)  either an insertion or a deletion of a base

Question 9

Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

Accepted Answer

A)  a duplication of all or most introns
B)  a nucleotide substitution in an exon coding for a transmembrane protein
C)  a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site of a protein
D)  a frameshift mutation one codon away from the 3' end of the nontemplate strand

Question 10

Which of the following experimental procedures is most likely to speed up mRNA degradation in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  lengthening of the poly-A tail
B)  removal of the 5' cap
C)  removal of C nucleotides
D)  removal of one or more exons

Question 11

A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5'-CCG-ACG-3' (mRNA) .The charged transfer RNA molecules shown in the figure below (with their anticodons shown in the 3' to 5' direction) are available.Two of them can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form.  The anticodon loop of the first tRNA that will complement this mRNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  3'-GGC-5'.
B)  5'-GGC-3'.
C)  5'-ACG-3'.
D)  5'-UGC-3'.

Question 12

A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA.The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is

Accepted Answer

A)  TTT.
B)  UUA.
C)  UUU.
D)  AAA.

Question 13

Which of the following descriptions of nucleotide triplets best represents a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  a triplet separated spatially from other triplets
B)  a triplet that has no corresponding amino acid
C)  a triplet at the opposite end of tRNA from the attachment site of the amino acid
D)  a triplet in the same reading frame as an upstream AUG D

Question 14

What is a ribozyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  an enzyme that uses RNA as a substrate
B)  an RNA with enzymatic activity
C)  an enzyme that catalyzes the association between the large and small ribosomal subunits
D)  an enzyme that synthesizes RNA as part of the transcription process

Question 15

Which of the following processes only occurs in eukaryotic gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA,tRNA,and rRNA are transcribed.
B)  RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.
C)  A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA,and a cap is added to the 5' end.
D)  Transcription can begin as soon as translation has assembled the first few amino acids in the polypeptide. C

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the recognition site for a specific transcription factor.
B)  It sets the reading frame of the mRNA.
C)  It is the recognition site for ribosomal binding.
D)  It signals the end of the nucleotide sequence of the gene.

Question 17

During transcription of the DNA in the figure above,where would the promoter be located?

Accepted Answer

A)  at the 3' end of the newly made RNA
B)  to the right of the template strand
C)  to the left of the template strand
D)  to the right of the coding strand

Question 18

A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5'-CCG-ACG-3' (mRNA) .The charged transfer RNA molecules shown in the figure below (with their anticodons shown in the 3' to 5' direction) are available.Two of them can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form.  The dipeptide that will form will be

Accepted Answer

A)  cysteine-alanine.
B)  proline-threonine.
C)  glycine-cysteine.
D)  alanine-alanine.

Question 19

A transfer RNA (#1) attached to the amino acid lysine enters the ribosome.The lysine binds to the growing polypeptide on the other tRNA (#2) already in the ribosome.Which component of the complex described enters the exit tunnel through the large subunit of the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA with attached lysine (#1) 
B)  tRNA with polypeptide (#2) 
C)  tRNA that no longer has attached amino acid
D)  newly formed polypeptide

Question 20

Which of the following statements correctly compares transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotes have at least three types of RNA polymerases,whereas eukaryotes only have one.
B)  Bacteria have one type of RNA polymerase,whereas eukaryotes have at least three.
C)  RNA polymerase in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes produce the same RNA molecules.
D)  Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes recognize a polyadenylation signal in order to terminate transcription.

Exam 14: Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

-Examine the table of codons in the figure above.What amino acid sequence will be produced based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'

Correct Answer
verified

The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion of a single codon.What is the most likely result of this mutation in the protein product?

Correct Answer
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Which component is not directly involved in translation?

Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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In what way could a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the function of a protein?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements describes one of the functions of GTP in translation?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the question.E_1-4 refer to the exons,and I_1-3 refer to the introns in the pre-mRNA transcript. 5' UTR E₁I₁ E₂ I₂E₃I₃E₄ UTR 3' Which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following types of mutations could result in a frameshift mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following experimental procedures is most likely to speed up mRNA degradation in a eukaryotic cell?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA.The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following descriptions of nucleotide triplets best represents a codon?

Correct Answer
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D

What is a ribozyme?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes only occurs in eukaryotic gene expression?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

Correct Answer
verified

During transcription of the DNA in the figure above,where would the promoter be located?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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A transfer RNA (#1) attached to the amino acid lysine enters the ribosome.The lysine binds to the growing polypeptide on the other tRNA (#2) already in the ribosome.Which component of the complex described enters the exit tunnel through the large subunit of the ribosome?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements correctly compares transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

-Examine the table of codons in the figure above.What amino acid sequence will be produced based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion of a single codon.What is the most likely result of this mutation in the protein product?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what way could a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the function of a protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements describes one of the functions of GTP in translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the question.E1-4 refer to the exons,and I1-3 refer to the introns in the pre-mRNA transcript. 5' UTR E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4 UTR 3' Which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of mutations could result in a frameshift mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following experimental procedures is most likely to speed up mRNA degradation in a eukaryotic cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA.The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following descriptions of nucleotide triplets best represents a codon?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What is a ribozyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes only occurs in eukaryotic gene expression?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During transcription of the DNA in the figure above,where would the promoter be located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A transfer RNA (#1) attached to the amino acid lysine enters the ribosome.The lysine binds to the growing polypeptide on the other tRNA (#2) already in the ribosome.Which component of the complex described enters the exit tunnel through the large subunit of the ribosome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements correctly compares transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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B

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Use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the question.E_1-4 refer to the exons,and I_1-3 refer to the introns in the pre-mRNA transcript. 5' UTR E₁I₁ E₂ I₂E₃I₃E₄ UTR 3' Which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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D

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C

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