Question 1

The complete reactions of cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen (C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy) result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation of O2 and reduction of H2O
B)  oxidation of C6H12O6 and reduction of O2
C)  reduction of CO2 and oxidation of O2
D)  reduction of C6H12O6 and oxidation of CO2

Question 2

Which of the following metabolic pathways occur(s) in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis and fermentation
B)  fermentation and chemiosmosis
C)  glycolysis and oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
D)  oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle
E)  fermentation and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 3

Yeast cells grown anaerobically can obtain energy by fermentation,which results in the production of

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP,NADH,and pyruvate.
B)  ATP and lactate.
C)  ATP,CO2,and lactate.
D)  ATP,CO2,and ethanol.
E)  ATP,CO2,and acetyl CoA.

Question 4

A young dog has never had much energy.A veterinarian discovers that the dog's mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for cellular respiration,and his cells produce more lactate than normal.Of the following,which is the best explanation of the dog's condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate across the outer mitochondrial membrane.
B)  His cells cannot transport NADH from glycolysis into the mitochondria.
C)  His cells contain something that inhibits oxygen use in his mitochondria.
D)  His cells have a defective electron transport chain,so glucose is converted to lactate instead of acetyl CoA.

Question 5

The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds.
B)  flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
C)  H+ concentration gradient across the membrane holding ATP synthase.
D)  transfer of phosphate to ADP.

Question 6

In the complete reactions of aerobic respiration,the energy for most of the ATP produced is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer of electrons from organic molecules to acetyl CoA.
B)  high-energy phosphate bonds from organic molecule intermediates in the citric acid cycle.
C)  splitting water to produce oxygen.
D)  a proton gradient across a membrane.

Question 7

Which of the following metabolic pathways requires a proton gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)  the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
B)  the citric acid cycle
C)  oxidative phosphorylation
D)  glycolysis
E)  fermentation

Question 8

In liver cells,the inner mitochondrial membranes are about five times the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes.What purpose must this serve?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the surface area for glycolysis.
B)  It increases the surface area for the citric acid cycle.
C)  It increases the surface area for oxidative phosphorylation.
D)  It increases the surface area for substrate-level phosphorylation.

Question 9

Which of the following metabolic pathways generates a proton gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)  the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
B)  the citric acid cycle
C)  chemiosmosis
D)  the electron transport chain
E)  glycolysis D

Question 10

Which of the following terms describes metabolic pathways that break down complex molecules to release stored energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  catabolic pathways
B)  anabolic pathways
C)  bioenergetic pathways
D)  endergonic pathways A

Question 11

When a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom as the result of an oxidation-reduction reaction,the glucose molecule becomes

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolyzed.
B)  hydrogenated.
C)  oxidized.
D)  reduced.
E)  an oxidizing agent.

Question 12

Figure 7.1
-In the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1) ,beginning with one molecule of isocitrate and ending with fumarate,how many ATP molecules can be made through substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  11
D)  12
E)  24

Question 13

6H12O6) completely oxidized by cellular respiration,how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1) ? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 E) 12" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > Figure 7.1
-For each mole of glucose (C6H12O6) completely oxidized by cellular respiration,how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  6
E)  12

Question 14

The oxygen atoms used to form water in the complete reactions of cellular respiration are derived from which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide (CO2) 
B)  glucose (C6H12O6) 
C)  pyruvate (C3H3O3-) 
D)  molecular oxygen (O2)

Question 15

Approximately what percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  0%
B)  2%
C)  10%
D)  38%
E)  100%

Question 16

Which of the following molecules donates electrons directly to the electron transport chain at the lowest energy level?

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+
B)  NADH
C)  ATP
D)  FAD
E)  FADH2

Question 17

Which statement best supports the hypothesis that glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway that originated before the last universal common ancestor of life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis is widespread and is found in the domains Bacteria,Archaea,and Eukarya.
B)  Glycolysis neither uses nor requires O2.
C)  Glycolysis occurs in all eukaryotic cells.
D)  The enzymes of glycolysis are localized in the cytosol rather than in a membrane-enclosed organelle.

Question 18

In chemiosmosis,what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + ℗i to ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system
B)  energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation
C)  energy released from ATP hydrolysis
D)  energy released from movement of protons down their electrochemical gradient through ATP synthase

Question 19

Which chemical process generates the ATP produced in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemiosmosis
B)  electron transport
C)  photophosphorylation
D)  oxidative phosphorylation
E)  substrate-level phosphorylation E

Question 20

Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  It produces much less ATP than does oxidative phosphorylation.
B)  It does not involve organelles or specialized structures,does not require oxygen,and is present in most organisms.
C)  It is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells.
D)  It relies on chemiosmosis,which is a metabolic mechanism present only in prokaryotic cells.

Exam 7: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

The complete reactions of cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen (C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy) result in which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following metabolic pathways occur(s) in mitochondria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Yeast cells grown anaerobically can obtain energy by fermentation,which results in the production of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A young dog has never had much energy.A veterinarian discovers that the dog's mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for cellular respiration,and his cells produce more lactate than normal.Of the following,which is the best explanation of the dog's condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the complete reactions of aerobic respiration,the energy for most of the ATP produced is provided by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following metabolic pathways requires a proton gradient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In liver cells,the inner mitochondrial membranes are about five times the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes.What purpose must this serve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following metabolic pathways generates a proton gradient?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following terms describes metabolic pathways that break down complex molecules to release stored energy?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

When a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom as the result of an oxidation-reduction reaction,the glucose molecule becomes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 7.1 -In the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1) ,beginning with one molecule of isocitrate and ending with fumarate,how many ATP molecules can be made through substrate-level phosphorylation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 7.1 -For each mole of glucose (C6H12O6) completely oxidized by cellular respiration,how many moles of CO2 are released in the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxygen atoms used to form water in the complete reactions of cellular respiration are derived from which of the following molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following molecules donates electrons directly to the electron transport chain at the lowest energy level?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best supports the hypothesis that glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway that originated before the last universal common ancestor of life on Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In chemiosmosis,what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + ℗i to ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which chemical process generates the ATP produced in glycolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The complete reactions of cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen (C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy) result in which of the following?

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D

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A

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Figure 7.1 -For each mole of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) completely oxidized by cellular respiration,how many moles of CO₂ are released in the citric acid cycle (see Figure 7.1) ?

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In chemiosmosis,what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + ℗_i to ATP?

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E

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