Question 1

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _.

Accepted Answer

A)   diathesis-stress model
B)   reciprocal gene-environment model
C)   genetic model
D)   psycho-social model

Question 2

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glial cells are passive cells that serve to connect and insulate neurons.
B)   There are fewer glial cells than there are neurons.
C)   There are different types of glial cells with several specific functions.
D)   Glial cells slow down the process of neural communication.

Question 3

The central nervous system is made up of the .

Accepted Answer

A)   brain and spinal cord
B)   brain only
C)   spinal cord only
D)   nerves leading to and from the brain

Question 4

The fact that a disorder can be caused by a variety of factors illustrates the principle of .

Accepted Answer

A)   equifinality
B)   isolation
C)   equilibration.
D)   isolation.

Question 5

According to the diathesis-stress model,

Accepted Answer

A)   mental disorders will always develop given a certain level of stress.
B)   once a diathesis for a particular disorder is inherited, the disorder will eventually develop.
C)   an individual's inherited tendencies are not affected by stressful life events he or she encounters.
D)   it is possible to inherit a diathesis and never develop a disorder.

Question 6

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Accepted Answer

A)   creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot)  that the animal can control.
B)   creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot)  that the animal cannot control.
C)   creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet)  that the animal cannot control.
D)   creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet)  that the animal can control.

Question 7

The coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating system.

Accepted Answer

A)   hindbrain
B)   midbrain
C)   cerebral cortex
D)   forebrain

Question 8

Looking at the findings of many cross-fostering studies (Francis et al., 1999, Suomi, 1999, Tienari et al., 1994)  it appears that positive interventions such as good parenting in early life may

Accepted Answer

A)   have little effect in terms of preventing psychopathology in those genetically predisposed to such conditions.
B)   dramatically change the genetics of individuals genetically predisposed to psychopathology.
C)   have a greater effect on future generations than on the individual exposed to the "good parenting."
D)   override the genetically influenced tendency to develop psychopathology in later life.

Question 9

Amanda is 12 years old, and her sister Samantha is five years old. While riding in a car with their parents, the girls witness a major automobile accident where a number of people are injured. The girls react very differently to the accident. This is probably due to

Accepted Answer

A)   biological differences.
B)   developmental differences.
C)   psychological differences
D)   sociocultural differences

Question 10

For most people, verbal and cognitive processes are usually controlled by the .

Accepted Answer

A)   left hemisphere of the cortex
B)   right hemisphere of the cortex
C)   entire cortex
D)   midbrain

Question 11

Our understanding of psychology as an integrated process is in part a function of .

Accepted Answer

A)   better measurement tools
B)   greater biological knowledge
C)   application of scientific study to psychological processes
D)   all of the above

Question 12

Studies examining the effects of anger and hostility on the cardiovascular system have demonstrated that anger results in

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased pumping efficiency of the heart.
B)   increased pumping efficiency of the heart.
C)   heart changes similar to those found when exercising.
D)   few if any measurable changes in the heart.

Question 13

According to the abnormal psychology video clip, psychopathology is due to .

Accepted Answer

A)   psychological processes
B)   biological processes
C)   both biological and psychological processes
D)   neither biological or psychological processes

Question 14

Describe the diathesis-stress model. Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Accepted Answer

This model argues that a diathesis is a ...

Question 15

Recent research suggests that learning and experience

Accepted Answer

A)   only change the brain before birth.
B)   change the brain through childhood.
C)   change the brain through young adulthood.
D)   change the brain at any age.

Question 16

According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the

Accepted Answer

A)   interaction between normal and defective or damaged genes.
B)   stress level of an individual and how stress is managed in a person's life.
C)   family history of an individual.
D)   interaction of an inherited tendency and events in a person's life.

Question 17

Extremely low activity levels of serotonin are associated with .

Accepted Answer

A)   aggression, suicide, and impulsive behavior
B)   schizophrenia
C)   anxiety disorders and general feelings of nervousness
D)   mania

Question 18

The part of the brain stem that regulates vital activities such as heartbeat, breathing, and digestion is the .

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebellum
B)   reticular activating system (RAS) 
C)   hindbrain
D)   thalamus

Question 19

What is one of the conclusions generally drawn from the 1990s studies of OCD, brain imaging, and cognitive- behavioral therapy by Baxter et al., and the follow up studies by Schwartz et al.?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neurotransmitters affect how people feel and act
B)   Drugs are the only way to impact faulty neurotransmitter circuits
C)   Neurotransmitters are a result of how people feel and act, not a cause
D)   Psychosocial factors such as therapy affect neurotransmitters

Question 20

A lifespan psychologist would point out that the only way to understand a patient's disorder is to understand how the individual

Accepted Answer

A)   developed from childhood to adulthood.
B)   developed during the psychosexual stages.
C)   resolved conflicts in early life.
D)   sees himself/herself as part of a family, a community, and a culture.

Exam 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

The fact that a disorder can be caused by a variety of factors illustrates the principle of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amanda is 12 years old, and her sister Samantha is five years old. While riding in a car with their parents, the girls witness a major automobile accident where a number of people are injured. The girls react very differently to the accident. This is probably due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the diathesis-stress model. Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Correct AnswerverifiedThis model argues that a diathesis is a ...View AnswerShow Answer

Studies examining the effects of anger and hostility on the cardiovascular system have demonstrated that anger results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the diathesis-stress model,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Looking at the findings of many cross-fostering studies (Francis et al., 1999, Suomi, 1999, Tienari et al., 1994) it appears that positive interventions such as good parenting in early life may

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A lifespan psychologist would point out that the only way to understand a patient's disorder is to understand how the individual

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our understanding of psychology as an integrated process is in part a function of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For most people, verbal and cognitive processes are usually controlled by the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Extremely low activity levels of serotonin are associated with .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the abnormal psychology video clip, psychopathology is due to .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one of the conclusions generally drawn from the 1990s studies of OCD, brain imaging, and cognitive- behavioral therapy by Baxter et al., and the follow up studies by Schwartz et al.?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the brain stem that regulates vital activities such as heartbeat, breathing, and digestion is the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central nervous system is made up of the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research suggests that learning and experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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This model argues that a diathesis is a ...
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