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Exam 9: Developmental Theories

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Question 21

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A ___________________ is a stable feature,characteristic,property,or condition present at birth or soon after that makes some people crime-prone over the life course.

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Question 22

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Positive relations with individuals and institutions that are life sustaining are known as:

A) social connections
B) prosocial bonds
C) social capital
D) turning points

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Question 23

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A small group of offenders who begin their career at an early age and then continue to offend well into adulthood are known as:

Critics of the general theory of crime claim that it is_________________ or involves circular reasoning.

Life course theories are considered _________________ because they incorporate social,personal,and developmental factors into complex explanations of human behavior.

A stable feature,characteristic,property,or condition present at birth or established early in life that makes some people crime-prone over the life course is known as a(n) :

By integrating the concepts of ________________________,Gottfredson and Hirschi help explain why some people who lack self-control can escape criminality,and,conversely,why some people who have self-control might not escape.

According to the general theory of crime,people who lack self-control tend not to be:

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime,explain how impulsivity,poor-self control,and crime are associated.

Marriage and employment serve as informal social control mechanisms that limit criminal behavior opportunities.

__________________ views criminality as a dynamic process,influenced by a multitude of individual characteristics,traits,and social experiences.

A number of criticisms of the general theory of crime remain unanswered.Identify and discuss at least five implications of these unanswered criticisms.

Which of the following is not more typical of early-onset girls than early-onset boys?

Adolescent-limited offenders may be considered "typical teens" who get into minor scrapes and engage in what might be considered rebellious teenage behavior with friends.

Which of the following is not a criticism of the general theory of crime?

In follow-up research,Laub and Sampson found a number of different interventions to reduce criminal activity.Which of the following is not one of them?

One of the strengths of the general theory of crime is that is it tautological in nature.

__________________ views criminality as a dynamic process,influenced by a multitude of individual characteristics,traits,and social experiences.\

Explain the at least five differences between "adolescent-limited" and "life-course persistent" offenders.What are the differences between the offense patterns for two pathway groups?

_________________ are a small group of offenders who begin their career at an early age and then continue to offend well into adulthood.They are more likely to manifest abnormal personal traits and display elements of problem behavior syndrome.