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Exam 4: Atomic Physics and Spectra

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Question 91

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One problem with using a glass prism to produce a spectrum from white light is that

A) glass absorbs almost all of the infrared in the white light.
B) glass absorbs almost all of the ultraviolet in the white light.
C) blue and violet do not spread out very much as a result of passing through the prism.
D) red is absorbed more than is the rest of the spectrum.

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Question 92

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If a continuous spectrum of ultraviolet radiation passes through a tube of cool hydrogen gas, what happens to its spectrum?

A) All the radiation passes unhindered except the Lyman L _$\alpha$ wavelength, which is absorbed by the atoms.
B) Some of the radiation at all wavelengths is absorbed, reducing the intensity at all wavelengths uniformly.
C) All the radiation passes through the tube unhindered because the hydrogen gas is cool and cannot absorb energy.
D) All the radiation passes through the tube unhindered except at the specific wavelengths of the Lyman series, L _$\alpha$ , L _{$\beta$ ,} and so on, which are absorbed by the atoms.

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Question 93

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A blackbody is an idealized object in physics and astronomy that

The normal temperature of the melting point of water ice is

A star whose surface temperature is 100,000 K will emit a spectrum whose peak wavelength is at

Where does the Paschen series of spectral lines from hydrogen gas appear in the electromagnetic spectrum?

A police radar device bounces radio waves of wavelength 3 mm from the front of a speeding car and measures the Doppler shift in wavelength of the reflected waves. What will be the wavelength shift if the car is moving at 60 mph (80 km/h or 22.2 m/s) (in a 30 mph zone) ? Note that the shift is doubled because of the reflection.

Figure 4-2 in the text shows that a blackbody with a temperature of 3000 K emits radiation that peaks at a wavelength much longer than wavelengths in the visible part of the spectrum. This means that the object

The total radiant energy emitted from the entire surface of a blackbody is proportional to what power of the blackbody's Kelvin temperature?

Which of these equations represents the dependence of the total energy flux F of radiation emitted per unit area by a blackbody (e.g., star) on its temperature T with $\sigma$ a constant?

The total amount of radiation emitted by a heated blackbody depends on its temperature and

The Stefan-Boltzmann law, which relates the energy per unit area F emitted by an object to its temperature T, F = $\sigma$ T⁴, is obeyed by what kind of object?

The proton, the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, has a mass that exceeds that of the electron by approximately what factor?

In his scattering experiment, Ernest Rutherford expected that the alpha particles he was using as bullets would easily penetrate his gold foil target with no backscatter. What was the actual result of the experiment?

When astronomers look for evidence of hydrogen gas in the spectra of the Sun, the planets, or the nearby stars, the positions of the spectral features or "lines" due to hydrogen are in

Two different isotopes of the element selenium will have the same number of

A piece of iron is heated from 400 K to 800 K. The total energy emitted per second by this iron will increase by a factor of

The amount of radiation emitted by a blackbody depends on all of these properties of the blackbody EXCEPT

An ideal blackbody in physics and astronomy is an object that

Huge fluxes of X-rays are detected from the direction of Cygnus X-1 with a spectrum that looks similar to that of a blackbody with a peak wavelength of 1.45 nm (1 nm = 10^-9 m) . These X-rays are probably emitted by matter being heated as it falls into a black hole. What is the temperature of this gas?