Question 1

What is reinforcement theory?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Reinforcement theory ...

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a need-based theory of motivation.
B)   It suggests that everyone calculates the ratio of inputs to outcomes.
C)   It focuses on what motivates a person, rather than on how that motivation occurs.
D)   It suggests that everyone shares equally in any outcomes regardless of their contributions.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is an important aspect of Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   In ERG theory, Abraham Maslow's three categories of needs are expanded into five categories of needs.
B)   According to ERG theory, people always march neatly up the hierarchy of needs.
C)   According to ERG theory, only one level of need is capable of motivating behavior at any given time.
D)   In ERG theory, Clayton Alderfer allowed for multiple levels of needs being prepotent.

Question 4

Agents are more likely than principals to take risks when they make decisions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The assembly-line workers of Autowon Inc. petitioned the top management to provide basic amenities such as access to potable water and a clean working environment. In the context of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this scenario illustrates the workers' _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   physiological needs
B)   security needs
C)   social needs
D)   esteem needs

Question 6

In the context of need-based theories of motivation, which of the following theories identifies motivators and hygiene factors as two sets of conditions at work that can satisfy needs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Social learning theory
B)   Expectancy theory
C)   Dual factor theory
D)   Equity theory

Question 7

In the context of reinforcement theory, schedules in which the amount of time that must pass before a reward is given can change from one reward period to another are termed:

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed interval schedules.
B)   variable interval schedules.
C)   fixed ratio schedules.
D)   variable ratio schedules.

Question 8

When underpayment inequity is perceived, an employee will most likely:

Accepted Answer

A)   reduce his or her inputs.
B)   decrease his or her outcomes.
C)   feel that any effort will be fairly rewarded.
D)   exert effort at work.

Question 9

Which of the following options refers to a person's perception of the probability that an increase in effort will result in an increase in performance?

Accepted Answer

A)   Valence
B)   Instrumentality
C)   Expectancy
D)   Dissonance

Question 10

Identify a true statement about expectancy theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a need-based theory of motivation.
B)   It is a simple theory from a cognitive perspective.
C)   It deals with the actual relationships between the components in the model.
D)   It is used to estimate the force operating on an employee to increase her or his effort.

Question 11

In the context of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following best describes an individual's self-actualization need?

Accepted Answer

A)   The need for food or water
B)   The need to have a safe and secure environment
C)   The need to reach one's personal potential
D)   The need to have a positive view of oneself

Question 12

Thomas, a kindergarten teacher, ignores his students' bad conduct and rewards them when they are obedient. As a result, they always listen to him and do as he says. In this scenario, Thomas is using a(n)  _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   intrinsic motivation technique
B)   systematic desensitization technique
C)   free association technique
D)   behavior modification technique

Question 13

Agency theory provides HR managers with a useful framework for trying to deal with conflicts of interest so that everyone works toward the common organizational goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Identify a true statement about goal theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   It posits that employees are most motivated by vague and unspecific goals.
B)   It posits that impossible goals are the most effective in motivating employees.
C)   It suggests that easy goals are preferable to difficult goals.
D)   It suggests that not all goals are created equal.

Question 15

Which of the following options reinforces behavior as a function of how many times it occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fixed interval schedule
B)   Variable interval schedule
C)   Continuous schedule
D)   Ratio schedule

Question 16

Imagine a scenario where a man is stranded on a desert island. He first finds a source of potable water and some fruits to eat. Only after his thirst and hunger are satisfied does he set about building a shelter for the night. Once the man has met his physiological and security needs, he will set about searching for other people on the island. Which of the following needs of the man stranded on a desert island does this scenario illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-actualization needs
B)   Intrinsic motivation
C)   Creative behavior
D)   Prepotent needs

Question 17

In the context of reinforcement theory, the term "outcome" refers to the behavior that we exhibit in reaction to a stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In the context of equity theory, an employee would be said to perceive underpayment inequity if his or her input-outcome ratio:

Accepted Answer

A)   is less favorable than that of a comparison person.
B)   exceeds his or her expectation.
C)   is equal to that of a comparison person.
D)   meets his or her expectation.

Question 19

Identify a true statement about motivation and needs.

Accepted Answer

A)   Money has the potential to satisfy all the needs proposed by Maslow and Alderfer.
B)   Motivation at work is a small determinant of what will occur on the job.
C)   Need-based theories adequately explain human motivation and its causes.
D)   Most people fulfill their self-actualization needs by earning vast amounts of money.

Question 20

In the context of agency theory, which of the following is a difference between agents and principals?

Accepted Answer

A)   Agents are the owners of a business, whereas principals are the managers of a business.
B)   Agents take risks when they make decisions, whereas principals do not take risks.
C)   Agents are less likely than principals to focus on a short time horizon.
D)   Agents often have more information about the day-to-day business than do principals.

Exam 13: Motivation at Work

Thomas, a kindergarten teacher, ignores his students' bad conduct and rewards them when they are obedient. As a result, they always listen to him and do as he says. In this scenario, Thomas is using a(n) _____.

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of reinforcement theory, schedules in which the amount of time that must pass before a reward is given can change from one reward period to another are termed:

Correct Answer
verified

Agents are more likely than principals to take risks when they make decisions.

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of reinforcement theory, the term "outcome" refers to the behavior that we exhibit in reaction to a stimulus.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following options reinforces behavior as a function of how many times it occurs?

Correct Answer
verified

Identify a true statement about motivation and needs.

Correct Answer
verified

Identify a true statement about expectancy theory.

Correct Answer
verified

What is reinforcement theory?

Correct Answer
verified
Answers will vary. Reinforcement theory ...
View Answer

When underpayment inequity is perceived, an employee will most likely:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true of equity theory?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is an important aspect of Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory?

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of need-based theories of motivation, which of the following theories identifies motivators and hygiene factors as two sets of conditions at work that can satisfy needs?

Correct Answer
verified

Identify a true statement about goal theory.

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of equity theory, an employee would be said to perceive underpayment inequity if his or her input-outcome ratio:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following options refers to a person's perception of the probability that an increase in effort will result in an increase in performance?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of agency theory, which of the following is a difference between agents and principals?

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following best describes an individual's self-actualization need?

Correct Answer
verified

Agency theory provides HR managers with a useful framework for trying to deal with conflicts of interest so that everyone works toward the common organizational goals.

Correct Answer
verified

The assembly-line workers of Autowon Inc. petitioned the top management to provide basic amenities such as access to potable water and a clean working environment. In the context of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this scenario illustrates the workers' _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Motivation at Work

Thomas, a kindergarten teacher, ignores his students' bad conduct and rewards them when they are obedient. As a result, they always listen to him and do as he says. In this scenario, Thomas is using a(n) _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of reinforcement theory, schedules in which the amount of time that must pass before a reward is given can change from one reward period to another are termed:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Agents are more likely than principals to take risks when they make decisions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of reinforcement theory, the term "outcome" refers to the behavior that we exhibit in reaction to a stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following options reinforces behavior as a function of how many times it occurs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a true statement about motivation and needs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a true statement about expectancy theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is reinforcement theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. Reinforcement theory ...View AnswerShow Answer

When underpayment inequity is perceived, an employee will most likely:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of equity theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is an important aspect of Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of need-based theories of motivation, which of the following theories identifies motivators and hygiene factors as two sets of conditions at work that can satisfy needs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a true statement about goal theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of equity theory, an employee would be said to perceive underpayment inequity if his or her input-outcome ratio:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following options refers to a person's perception of the probability that an increase in effort will result in an increase in performance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of agency theory, which of the following is a difference between agents and principals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following best describes an individual's self-actualization need?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Agency theory provides HR managers with a useful framework for trying to deal with conflicts of interest so that everyone works toward the common organizational goals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The assembly-line workers of Autowon Inc. petitioned the top management to provide basic amenities such as access to potable water and a clean working environment. In the context of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this scenario illustrates the workers' _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Answers will vary. Reinforcement theory ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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