Question 1

Which would not be a goal of smart growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of noise,air and water pollution
B)  increased access to artistic and cultural opportunities
C)  reduction of substandard housing
D)  improved communication among members of the community
E)  housing areas remote from work and shopping areas

Question 2

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An example of an intangible resource,or one that is difficult to place a monetary value on,is

Accepted Answer

A)  solar energy.
B)  satisfaction.
C)  human labor.
D)  capital.
E)  extinct species.

Question 4

In 2000,what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  North America
B)  Europe
C)  Asia
D)  South America
E)  Africa

Question 5

Which is not a negative consequence of urban sprawl?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased traffic congestion
B)  abandonment of city centers
C)  inefficient use of land
D)  increased lot and land areas for homes

Question 6

Natural capital is that which is created by

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial processes.
B)  human labor.
C)  natural Earth processes.
D)  animal labor.

Question 7

The estimated annual value of soil formation by natural systems is more than 10 trillion dollars.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to the principle of new urbanism,what is the ideal size of a city?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 15,000 people
B)  15,000-30,000
C)  30,000-50,000
D)  50,000-100,000
E)  up to 150,000

Question 9

Cap-and-trade is a system where market forces help drive sustainability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What would be an example of externalizing costs?

Accepted Answer

A)  All of these answers are examples of externalizing costs.
B)  water quality decline due to nonpoint source pollution
C)  releasing particulate matter or pollution into the atmosphere
D)  increased risk of flooding by changing wetlands into development
E)  loss of stream habitat and disruption of food chains due to overburden from strip mining dumped in headwater streams

Question 11

When we purchase a product,the price we pay directly reflects the ________ cost of producing it.If the manufacture of the product degrades the quality of air or water,then the costs of this pollution are termed ________ costs.

Accepted Answer

A)  incidental;external
B)  incidental;indirect
C)  indirect;incidental
D)  external;internal
E)  internal;external

Question 12

Businesses are now willing to become "green" because

Accepted Answer

A)  it improves their public image.
B)  it saves money.
C)  doing so is expensive but makes good advertising.
D)  doing so improves their image and saves money in the end.
E)  they need to obey laws and comply with government regulations.

Question 13

In 1950,only ________ percent of the world's population lived in cities.

Accepted Answer

A)  16
B)  22
C)  31
D)  38
E)  43

Question 14

Many businesses are exploring and adopting the "design for the environment." Which of the following is not associated with this approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Improve public relations about the business' environmental policies.
B)  The products of a process are resources for other processes.
C)  Work within the limits of the current incoming amounts of solar energy.
D)  Include an emphasis on the maintenance of cultural and biological diversity.

Question 15

A major criticism of the 'limits to growth' model is that it doesn't fully account for technological innovations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Environmental protection has been proven to ________ the number of available jobs because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease;it limits the use of nonrenewable resources (as in the case of the logging industry) 
B)  increase;labor is usually substituted for natural resources (as in the case of recycling) 
C)  stabilize;the use of nonrenewable resources is stabilized and jobs are scarce anyway
D)  decrease;it negatively affects economic growth
E)  stabilize;it limits the use of nonrenewable resources (as in the case of the logging industry)

Question 17

When a factory pollutes a river,the costs and losses that affect people downstream would be called

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect costs.
B)  external costs.
C)  incidental costs.
D)  internal costs.
E)  social costs.

Question 18

Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the

Accepted Answer

A)  scarcity of natural capital.
B)  recycling of ecological processes and the scarcity of manufactured capital.
C)  abundance of natural capital.
D)  fragility of the human economy and power of ecological systems.
E)  human economy as one part of a dynamic world system.

Question 19

Which would be an example of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

A)  current use of fossil fuels in the U.S.
B)  heap-leach extraction of gold
C)  harvest of food species to the point of extinction
D)  development of brownfields in urban areas
E)  suburban development programs

Question 20

________ is an example of green infrastructure that improve air quality,conserve energy,reduce storm water runoff,reduce noise,and helps reduce urban heat island effects.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mixed-use planning
B)  Green spaces
C)  Green roofs
D)  Smart growth
E)  Recycling programs

Exam 15: Economics and Urbanization

In 2000,what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The estimated annual value of soil formation by natural systems is more than 10 trillion dollars.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a factory pollutes a river,the costs and losses that affect people downstream would be called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1950,only ________ percent of the world's population lived in cities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which would be an example of sustainable development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is an example of green infrastructure that improve air quality,conserve energy,reduce storm water runoff,reduce noise,and helps reduce urban heat island effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cap-and-trade is a system where market forces help drive sustainability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we purchase a product,the price we pay directly reflects the ________ cost of producing it.If the manufacture of the product degrades the quality of air or water,then the costs of this pollution are termed ________ costs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many businesses are exploring and adopting the "design for the environment." Which of the following is not associated with this approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major criticism of the 'limits to growth' model is that it doesn't fully account for technological innovations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of an intangible resource,or one that is difficult to place a monetary value on,is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not a negative consequence of urban sprawl?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Environmental protection has been proven to ________ the number of available jobs because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural capital is that which is created by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the principle of new urbanism,what is the ideal size of a city?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which would not be a goal of smart growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Businesses are now willing to become "green" because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would be an example of externalizing costs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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When we purchase a product,the price we pay directly reflects the cost of producing it.If the manufacture of the product degrades the quality of air or water,then the costs of this pollution are termed costs.

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Environmental protection has been proven to the number of available jobs because .

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