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Unstable nuclei become more stable by spontaneously undergoing a change in their nucleus and emitting radiation.What is the term used to describe this process?


A) stabilization
B) nuclear dissociation
C) radioactive decay
D) nuclear fusion
E) ionization

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Which radioactive element is sometimes found in indoor air in such places as basements?


A) polonium
B) thallium
C) uranium
D) radon
E) plutonium

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depends on the presence of what type of particles in body tissue?


A) carbon atoms
B) hydrogen atoms
C) water molecules
D) radioactive isotopes
E) magnetic particles

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The isotope The isotope decays to by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted? A) alpha B) beta C) gamma D) positron E) None of the choices are correct. decays to The isotope decays to by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted? A) alpha B) beta C) gamma D) positron E) None of the choices are correct. by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?


A) alpha
B) beta
C) gamma
D) positron
E) None of the choices are correct.

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What percentage of the initial amount of a radioactive isotope will remain after ten half-lives?


A) 0.50%
B) 0.78%
C) 0.36%
D) 0.11%
E) 0.098%

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A radioactive sample will decay completely in two half-lives.

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The term LD50 represents which of the following?


A) the dosage of toxic material needed to kill 50% of the exposed population in 30 days
B) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in one day
C) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in 30 days
D) the percentage of people that will die when exposed to 50 mg of a toxic substance
E) the amount of radiation absorbed by the body when standing 50 m from a radioactive substance

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From which of the following isotopes is carbon-14 formed by cosmic ray bombardment in the upper atmosphere?


A) Li-5
B) U-238
C) O-16
D) O-18
E) N-14

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What nuclear process is used in commercial nuclear power plants to produce energy?


A) fusion
B) fission
C) metastable induction
D) radiocarbon dating
E) positron emission tomography

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What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? A) positron emission B) alpha decay C) beta decay D) gamma production E) helium emission


A) positron emission
B) alpha decay
C) beta decay
D) gamma production
E) helium emission

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When the isotope When the isotope undergoes beta decay, what isotope is formed? undergoes beta decay, what isotope is formed?

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What is the process responsible for energy production in the sun?


A) chemical combustion
B) fissionoxidation-reduction
C) decomposition
D) fission
E) fusion

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Gamma rays move at the speed of light.

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Which statement concerning nuclear reactions and chemical reactions is FALSE?


A) Nuclear reactions involve changes in the protons or neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
B) Chemical reactions involve changes in the valence electrons of an atom.
C) Nuclear reactions usually result in a change in the identity of the radioactive isotope.
D) Nuclear reactions are capable of producing more energy than chemical reactions.
E) Chemical reactions always occur much faster than nuclear reactions.

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Which is the most widely used radioactive isotope in nuclear medicine?


A) technetium-99m
B) hydrogen-3
C) uranium-235
D) carbon-14
E) plutonium-244

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What does the symbol What does the symbol represent? A) an alpha particle B) a beta particle C) a gamma ray D) a positron E) a deuteron represent?


A) an alpha particle
B) a beta particle
C) a gamma ray
D) a positron
E) a deuteron

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Which type of radiation emitted by radioactive nuclei has no mass and no charge?


A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) positron
D) gamma ray
E) All radiation types have a mass and charge.

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What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? A) positron emission B) alpha decay C) beta decay D) gamma production E) helium emission


A) positron emission
B) alpha decay
C) beta decay
D) gamma production
E) helium emission

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The isotope The isotope decays to by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted? A) alpha particle B) beta particle C) positron D) gamma ray E) neutron decays to The isotope decays to by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted? A) alpha particle B) beta particle C) positron D) gamma ray E) neutron by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?


A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) positron
D) gamma ray
E) neutron

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The mass number of an alpha particle is 4.

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