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Which benefit comes with flexibility?


A) increased muscle endurance
B) prevention of overuse injuries
C) improved energy production
D) prevention of muscle strains

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Several recent studies show an inverse relationship between physical activity and the risk for bone fractures.

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What is most likely to cause back pain?


A) injury to the hip
B) weak muscles
C) increased flexibility
D) upright posture

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What are stabilization exercises particularly good for?


A) strengthening hamstrings
B) building core stiffness
C) stretching the lower back
D) increasing hip flexibility

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What is a disadvantage of active stretching?


A) It takes a long time to perform each stretch.
B) It has a very high risk of injury.
C) It may not produce a sufficient stretch.
D) It requires a partner.

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Which is a proprioceptor?


A) collagen
B) elastin
C) a nerve
D) titin

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Describe at least three factors that determine the flexibility of a joint.

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1. Structure of the joint: The type of j...

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Discuss the general guidelines for creating a low-back exercise program. Describe three specific exercises that would be a part of such a program, and explain how they benefit back health.

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When creating a low-back exercise progra...

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Which is an essential component of safe passive stretching?


A) rapid movement
B) heavy resistance
C) extreme flexibility
D) good communication with one's partner

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D

Which statement is correct regarding the prevention and management of low-back pain?


A) Exercises should be done early in the morning.
B) Exercises should be performed at least three days per week.
C) The exercise program should emphasize muscular strength.
D) The exercise program will yield results after a few weeks.

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A stretch should be held in position for a minimum of 45 seconds.

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In active stretching, an outside force or resistance assists muscles and joints as they move through a range of motion.

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What determines flexibility?


A) heredity
B) mitochondria
C) ligament length
D) muscle strength

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There are hundreds of flexibility exercises to choose from.

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What is the long-term lengthening of connective tissues called?


A) plastic elongation
B) elastin damage
C) structural flexibility
D) elastic elongation

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A

Brisk walking while swinging your arms naturally may help ease back pain.

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The modified hurdler stretch targets which muscles?


A) core
B) hamstrings
C) inner thigh
D) calf

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What is one likely outcome of good flexibility?


A) decreased sports performance
B) an increased number of injuries
C) improved body composition
D) a lower risk of sport injuries

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What structures absorb and disperse stress on the spine?


A) nerve roots
B) vertebral arches
C) intervertebral disks
D) spinal curves

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C

The most common site of back pain is the cervical region.

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