Question 1

Which of the following describes how the nonnucleoside inhibitors of the HIV reverse transcriptase are different than the nucleoside inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nonnucleoside inhibitors prevent addition of the next nucleotide.
B)  The nonnucleoside inhibitors do not bind to the active site of the enzyme.
C)  The nonnucleoside inhibitors must be activated by the cellular thymidine kinase.
D)  The nonnucleoside inhibitors prevent synthesis of the reverse transcriptase.
E)  The nonnucleoside inhibitors lack a 3' OH group.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a reason why viral enzymes make good targets for the development of antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes inhibitors bind more tightly to their targets than inhibitors of other proteins.
B)  Drug companies have experience designing enzyme inhibitors.
C)  Enzymes normally interact with small molecules.
D)  Enzymes are usually well understood mechanistically.
E)  Enzymes are present in low concentrations within the infected cell.

Question 3

The antiviral drug AZT inhibits which enzyme from which virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protease from HIV
B)  Reverse transcriptase from HIV
C)  Integrase from HIV
D)  Neuraminidase from influenza
E)  DNA polymerase from herpes simplex virus

Question 4

The chemical structure of ritonavir,an inhibitor of the HIV protease,resembles both the original substrate and the transition state intermediate of the enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Like other antiviral drugs that inhibit the HIV1 reverse transcriptase,nevirapine is a nucleoside analogue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The FDA approved the drug raltegravir in 2007 to treat infection with HIV.Which of the HIV enzymes does raltegravir inhibit?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase
B)  gp120
C)  Reverse transcriptase
D)  Integrase
E)  Protease

Question 7

Most of the currently available antiviral drugs target viral genome replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Many antiviral drugs,like AZT and acyclovir,belong to which of the following groups of compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleotide analogues
B)  Nucleoside analogues
C)  Nonnucleoside inhibitors
D)  Neuraminidase inhibitors
E)  Protease inhibitors B

Question 9

The antiviral drug ganciclovir was approved to be used as a treatment for which of the following viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV
B)  Herpes simplex virus
C)  Varicella-zoster virus
D)  Cytomegalovirus
E)  Vaccinia virus D

Question 10

The HIV1 protease is a good target for inhibiting virus replication because…..

Accepted Answer

A)  it cleaves the gag-pol polyprotein during virus assembly.
B)  it is required for the maturation of HIV1 virus particles.
C)  it has an unusual cleavage sequence on its substrate.
D)  the crystal structure for the enzyme is available.
E)  All of the above answers are correct.

Question 11

How does the capsid-binding drug pleconaril inhibit entry of picornavirus particles?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes antibodies to bind to the capsid and blocks entry.
B)  It causes the capsid to become degraded by proteases.
C)  It binds to the same location on the capsid as the host cell receptor.
D)  It displaces a lipid normally bound to a pocket on the capsid.
E)  It binds to the envelope of the virus and prevents it from fusing with the plasma membrane.

Question 12

What was the first successful antiviral drug developed and which virus does it inhibit?

Accepted Answer

A)  AZT; HIV.
B)  3TC; hepatitis B virus.
C)  Acyclovir; herpes simplex I.
D)  Amantadine; influenza.
E)  Nevirapine; HIV.

Question 13

How does the antiviral drug amantadine inhibit the replication of influenza?

Accepted Answer

A)  It binds to the M2 ion channel and blocks the uncoating of the RNPs.
B)  It binds to sialic acid on the host cell and prevents binding of the virion.
C)  It binds to the HA protein on the virion and prevents binding to the host cell.
D)  It binds to the polymerase protein and halts genome replication.
E)  It binds to the nucleocapsid protein and prevents packaging of the viral RNA.

Question 14

The neuraminidase inhibitors zanamivir and oseltamivir have been shown to have the highest effectiveness in reducing….

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of deaths caused by the H5N1 bird influenza.
B)  the number of missed school days by children with influenza.
C)  the number of children who die from chicken pox.
D)  the number of people who get the common cold each year.
E)  the number of people who need to be vaccinated for influenza.

Question 15

How does the antiviral drug maraviroc,which was developed to inhibit entry of HIV,function?

Accepted Answer

A)  It binds to the gp120 protein on the surface of the HIV virion.
B)  It binds to the gp41 protein in the envelope of HIV.
C)  It binds to the host protein CCR5.
D)  It binds to the host protein CD4.
E)  It binds to the lipids in the envelope of HIV and prevents membrane fusion.

Question 16

Which of the following enzymes from herpes simplex virus is required to activate the antiviral drug acyclovir?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribonucleotide reductase.
B)  Thymidine kinase.
C)  DNA polymerase.
D)  Nucleoside diphosphate kinase.
E)  Guanine kinase.

Question 17

Describe the two factors that determine how the antiviral drug acyclovir is specifically targeted to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus.

Accepted Answer

Acyclovir is a potent inhibitor of herpe...

Question 18

In addition to treating virus infections in patients,some antiviral drugs have been useful tools in the research lab to dissect the function of viral proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good target protein to be used in high throughput screening for potential antiviral compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an essential protein for virus replication.
B)  It is sufficiently different from cellular proteins.
C)  It can be expressed and purified easily.
D)  It's activity can be assayed for quickly and easily.
E)  All of these are characteristics of a good viral target.

Question 20

Which of the following viral enzymes encoded by cytomegalovirus is responsible for phosphorylating and activating the antiviral drug ganciclovir?

Accepted Answer

A)  Guanine kinase
B)  Cellular nucleotide kinase.
C)  UL97,a serine-threonine protein kinase
D)  Thymidine kinase
E)  Thymidylate kinase

Exam 36: Antiviral Chemotherapy

Which of the following describes how the nonnucleoside inhibitors of the HIV reverse transcriptase are different than the nucleoside inhibitors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a reason why viral enzymes make good targets for the development of antiviral drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The antiviral drug AZT inhibits which enzyme from which virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical structure of ritonavir,an inhibitor of the HIV protease,resembles both the original substrate and the transition state intermediate of the enzyme.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like other antiviral drugs that inhibit the HIV1 reverse transcriptase,nevirapine is a nucleoside analogue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The FDA approved the drug raltegravir in 2007 to treat infection with HIV.Which of the HIV enzymes does raltegravir inhibit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the currently available antiviral drugs target viral genome replication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many antiviral drugs,like AZT and acyclovir,belong to which of the following groups of compounds?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The antiviral drug ganciclovir was approved to be used as a treatment for which of the following viruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The HIV1 protease is a good target for inhibiting virus replication because…..

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the capsid-binding drug pleconaril inhibit entry of picornavirus particles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the first successful antiviral drug developed and which virus does it inhibit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the antiviral drug amantadine inhibit the replication of influenza?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neuraminidase inhibitors zanamivir and oseltamivir have been shown to have the highest effectiveness in reducing….

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the antiviral drug maraviroc,which was developed to inhibit entry of HIV,function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following enzymes from herpes simplex virus is required to activate the antiviral drug acyclovir?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the two factors that determine how the antiviral drug acyclovir is specifically targeted to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus.

Correct AnswerverifiedAcyclovir is a potent inhibitor of herpe...View AnswerShow Answer

In addition to treating virus infections in patients,some antiviral drugs have been useful tools in the research lab to dissect the function of viral proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good target protein to be used in high throughput screening for potential antiviral compounds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following viral enzymes encoded by cytomegalovirus is responsible for phosphorylating and activating the antiviral drug ganciclovir?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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Acyclovir is a potent inhibitor of herpe...
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True

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