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​The service aspect of the role that boards of directors perform is to:


A) ​Challenge managerial decisions.
B) ​Advise the CEO.
C) ​Protect shareholder interests.
D) ​Rubber stamp managerial actions.

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​Which of the following would be considered a benefit to having inside directors on a board of directors?


A) ​Greater independence from managerial influence
B) ​Greater first-hand knowledge about the firm.
C) ​More effective control of managers.
D) ​None of the above.

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Most large,publicly traded UK corporations are now characterized by all of the following except:


A) Diffused ownership.
B) Numerous small shareholders.
C) A separation of ownership and control.
D) Corporate managers who own a majority of the stock.

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​In recent years,CEO duality has:


A) ​Is no longer allowed for firms operating in the United States.
B) ​Increased from 12% in 2002 to 48% in 2010.
C) ​Become a less common practice among firms around the world.
D) ​Decreased based on conclusive research evidence showing it is less effective than nonduality.

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The market for corporate control is another term for the stock market.

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​Internal governance mechanisms employed by boards of directors include "carrots" and "sticks."

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​An often-mentioned drawback of state -owned enterprises is:


A) ​An ability to avoid bankruptcy and job loss.
B) ​Frequent conflict between ownership and management.
C) ​Little incentive to improve performance.
D) ​All of the above.

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Agency theory assumes that managers:


A) Have a responsibility to the owners.
B) Avoid opportunistic and self-serving activities.
C) Eliminate agency costs.
D) Can be left to their own devices.

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Can interlocking directorates lead to unfair market advantages and investor exploitation? How?

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If the CEO of Firm A is on the board of ...

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​Information asymmetries are a major source of agency problems.

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Which of the following is true in regard to outside directors?


A) The trend around the world is to introduce fewer outside directors.
B) In the United States,less than a half century ago,most boards were made up entirely or largely of outside directors.
C) Many U.S.firms are now favoring a board that is entirely made of people who are insiders due the need for people who can understand the increasing complexity of MNEs.
D) Academic research has failed to empirically establish a link between the outsider/insider ratio and firm performance.

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​Following the notion of a board of directors providing "carrots" and "sticks" for a firm's management,which of the following would be considered a "stick"?


A) ​Pay for performance.
B) ​Stock options.
C) ​CEO dismissal.
D) ​Golden parachutes.

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The rise of capitalism has not affected governance.

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Institution-based considerations in governance include all of the following EXCEPT:


A) Formal institutional framework.
B) International experience of senior executives.
C) Impact of informal norms and values.
D) Lack of legal protection and its impact regarding large shareholders in emerging economies.

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The trend since the 1980s has been for expanded state ownership and declining privatization.

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Principal-principal conflicts occur within one class of principals,such as a disagreement among certain majority stockholders and other majority stockholders.

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Founders usually start up firms and completely own and control these enterprises.

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Managerial human capital refers to the skills and abilities of top managers and directors.

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​The governance mechanisms that affect corporations in the United States and United Kingdom are characterized by market-oriented systems and strong external mechanisms.

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​The ability to successfully list a foreign firm on a high-profile exchange such as NYSE leads to a higher valuation for that firm as opposed to domestic firms.

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