Question 1

In songbirds, neurons in _____ behave like mirror neurons in monkeys.

Accepted Answer

A)   the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (R
A)   and the high vocal center (HV
C)  
B)   area X
C)   the basal ganglia
D)   the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum (LMAN)

Question 2

Why does social learning differ from most other forms of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most learning occurs individually.
B)   It relies heavily on an individual's personality.
C)   It is not always possible to determine what an organism is perceiving.
D)   Not all species can learn by reproducing what they observe.

Question 3

_____ is the act of doing what one observes another organism doing.

Accepted Answer

A)   Simulation
B)   Emulation
C)   Copying
D)   Perspective taking

Question 4

In the basic process to explain how people copy, it is very important that what is being observed is encoded correctly so that it can be accessible and reproduced at a later time. This step in the process is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   presence of a model.
B)   accessible format.
C)   ability to reproduce the action.
D)   motivation for reproducing.

Question 5

A theory of human behavior that proposed that the kinds of reinforcement an individual has experienced in past social contexts will determine how that individual will act in a given situation is known as _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   social-learning
B)   two-action
C)   stimulus matching
D)   mind-blindness

Question 6

Direction of one organism's attention toward specific objects, events, or locations within an environment as a result of another organism's action is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning.
B)   stimulus enhancement.
C)   imitation.
D)   emotional contagion.

Question 7

Which statement is an example of social learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   A chimpanzee copies the hand motions made by its trainer.
B)   A cat learns through trial and error to escape from a puzzle box.
C)   A rat learns the correct route through a maze by being rewarded with food on reaching the end.
D)   A dog learns to salivate in response to a bell after the bell is repeatedly followed by food.

Question 8

Repetition of words or phrases immediately after hearing them spoken is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   echolalia.
B)   emotional contagion.
C)   emulation.
D)   observational conditioning.

Question 9

Linda has never been afraid of spiders, but she constantly sees her mom scream at the site of one. Eventually, Linda develops a fear of spiders; this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   phobia.
B)   classical conditioning.
C)   emotional contagion.
D)   observational conditioning.

Question 10

The areas of the brain that become active during both the observation and performance of actions are located in what region of the brain in both humans and monkeys?

Accepted Answer

A)   the lower regions
B)   the lateral region
C)   the occipital lobe
D)   the cortical regions

Question 11

The ability to be good at singing karaoke seems to depend on having:

Accepted Answer

A)   good vocal imitation abilities.
B)   a near-perfect memory of what the original song sounds like.
C)   practiced a lot in the past.
D)   many friends who are good at singing karaoke.

Question 12

Give an example of a behavior that appears to be imitation but can also be explained by contagion. Explain how contagion would give rise to this behavior.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Give a relev...

Question 13

Studies of copying in humans and chimpanzees have shown that _____ are more likely to emulate a model's behavior than _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   human adults; chimpanzees
B)   human children; human adults
C)   human children; chimpanzees
D)   chimpanzees; human children

Question 14

Zachary's dog Buddy, like many dogs, enjoys chasing the little red spot of light from a laser pointer when Zachary moves the light around the carpet. Zachary's new puppy Zoe observed Buddy chasing the light, which drew her attention to the light, and she began chasing it just like Buddy did. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning.
B)   stimulus enhancement.
C)   social conformity.
D)   emotional contagion.

Question 15

The findings about patients with frontal-lobe damage who exhibit deficits in the ability to imitate suggest that the frontal lobes:

Accepted Answer

A)   are important for visually matching an observed action to the memory of that action.
B)   are important for matching a sound produced by someone else to the memory of that sound.
C)   play a role in inhibiting imitation.
D)   play a role in enhancing imitation.

Question 16

In a dog kennel, if one dog starts barking, there is a tendency for the rest of the dogs to also start barking. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning.
B)   stimulus enhancement.
C)   vocal learning.
D)   emotional contagion.

Question 17

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, it was found that:

Accepted Answer

A)   aggressive behavior transferred to other contexts.
B)   for girls, aggression was more common when they observed a female model than a male model.
C)   only the children who were first provoked showed aggression toward the Bobo doll.
D)   the attack styles of the children who behaved aggressively were different from the attack styles of the models they observed.

Question 18

Mirror neurons are neurons that respond:

Accepted Answer

A)   during both performance and visual observation of an action.
B)   when an organism performs an action that is the opposite of the observed action.
C)   during true imitation but not during emulation.
D)   during observational learning in which visual feedback occurs.

Question 19

Discuss the evidence suggesting that mirror neurons may be involved in the deficits seen in people with autism.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: De...

Question 20

Give an example of a behavior that appears to be imitation but can also be explained by stimulus enhancement. Explain how stimulus enhancement would give rise to this behavior.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Give a relev...

Exam 11: Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

A theory of human behavior that proposed that the kinds of reinforcement an individual has experienced in past social contexts will determine how that individual will act in a given situation is known as _____ theory.

Correct Answer
verified

Direction of one organism's attention toward specific objects, events, or locations within an environment as a result of another organism's action is called:

Correct Answer
verified

Give an example of a behavior that appears to be imitation but can also be explained by stimulus enhancement. Explain how stimulus enhancement would give rise to this behavior.

Correct Answer
verified
Grading criteria: Give a relev...
View Answer

Mirror neurons are neurons that respond:

Correct Answer
verified

Why does social learning differ from most other forms of learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Studies of copying in humans and chimpanzees have shown that _ are more likely to emulate a model's behavior than _.

Correct Answer
verified

In a dog kennel, if one dog starts barking, there is a tendency for the rest of the dogs to also start barking. This is an example of:

Correct Answer
verified

The findings about patients with frontal-lobe damage who exhibit deficits in the ability to imitate suggest that the frontal lobes:

Correct Answer
verified

Give an example of a behavior that appears to be imitation but can also be explained by contagion. Explain how contagion would give rise to this behavior.

Correct Answer
verified
Grading criteria: Give a relev...
View Answer

In the basic process to explain how people copy, it is very important that what is being observed is encoded correctly so that it can be accessible and reproduced at a later time. This step in the process is known as:

Correct Answer
verified

The areas of the brain that become active during both the observation and performance of actions are located in what region of the brain in both humans and monkeys?

Correct Answer
verified

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, it was found that:

Correct Answer
verified

The ability to be good at singing karaoke seems to depend on having:

Correct Answer
verified

Repetition of words or phrases immediately after hearing them spoken is known as:

Correct Answer
verified

In songbirds, neurons in _____ behave like mirror neurons in monkeys.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is an example of social learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Linda has never been afraid of spiders, but she constantly sees her mom scream at the site of one. Eventually, Linda develops a fear of spiders; this is an example of:

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the evidence suggesting that mirror neurons may be involved in the deficits seen in people with autism.

Correct Answer
verified
Grading criteria: De...
View Answer

_____ is the act of doing what one observes another organism doing.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

A theory of human behavior that proposed that the kinds of reinforcement an individual has experienced in past social contexts will determine how that individual will act in a given situation is known as _____ theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Direction of one organism's attention toward specific objects, events, or locations within an environment as a result of another organism's action is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Give an example of a behavior that appears to be imitation but can also be explained by stimulus enhancement. Explain how stimulus enhancement would give rise to this behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: Give a relev...View AnswerShow Answer

Mirror neurons are neurons that respond:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does social learning differ from most other forms of learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of copying in humans and chimpanzees have shown that _____ are more likely to emulate a model's behavior than _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a dog kennel, if one dog starts barking, there is a tendency for the rest of the dogs to also start barking. This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The findings about patients with frontal-lobe damage who exhibit deficits in the ability to imitate suggest that the frontal lobes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Give an example of a behavior that appears to be imitation but can also be explained by contagion. Explain how contagion would give rise to this behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: Give a relev...View AnswerShow Answer

In the basic process to explain how people copy, it is very important that what is being observed is encoded correctly so that it can be accessible and reproduced at a later time. This step in the process is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The areas of the brain that become active during both the observation and performance of actions are located in what region of the brain in both humans and monkeys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, it was found that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability to be good at singing karaoke seems to depend on having:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repetition of words or phrases immediately after hearing them spoken is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In songbirds, neurons in _____ behave like mirror neurons in monkeys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is an example of social learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Linda has never been afraid of spiders, but she constantly sees her mom scream at the site of one. Eventually, Linda develops a fear of spiders; this is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the evidence suggesting that mirror neurons may be involved in the deficits seen in people with autism.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: De...View AnswerShow Answer

_____ is the act of doing what one observes another organism doing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Grading criteria: Give a relev...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Studies of copying in humans and chimpanzees have shown that _ are more likely to emulate a model's behavior than _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Grading criteria: Give a relev...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Grading criteria: De...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified