Question 1

The reaction between acetic acid (CH3COOH) and methanol (CH3OH) is at equilibrium.Select the change that would result in a shift to the right. CH3COOH + CH3OH ⇌ CH3COOCH3 + H2O

Accepted Answer

A)   adding more CH3COOH
B)   adding more H2O
C)   adding more CH3COOCH3
D)   removing CH3OH
E)   Both B and C are correct.

Question 2

Which statement describes reaction rate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reaction rate is how fast a reaction proceeds.
B)   Reaction rate is measured by the disappearance of reactants over time.
C)   Reaction rate is measured by the appearance of products formed over time.
D)   Reaction rate is determined, in part, by activation energy.
E)   All of the above statements describe reaction rate.

Question 3

Identify the false statement regarding bond energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   Bonds with higher bond energies are stronger.
B)   Stronger bonds have lower potential energy.
C)   A single bond is stronger than a double bond.
D)   A triple bond is stronger than a double bond.
E)   Compounds with weaker bonds are more reactive.

Question 4

An endothermic reaction is one that

Accepted Answer

A)   releases heat.
B)   has no heat of reaction.
C)   absorbs heat.
D)   has reactants higher in energy than products.
E)   has a negative heat of reaction.

Question 5

How would this diagram be different if the reaction was exothermic?

Accepted Answer

A)   III would be lower than I
B)   No difference; this reaction is already exothermic.
C)   II would be lower than III.
D)   II would be lower, between I and III.
E)   II would be lower than I.

Question 6

How is a biochemical pathway different than a biochemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Actually, they are identical.
B)   Only pathways occur in cells not reactions.
C)   Only reactions occur in cells not pathways.
D)   Reactions are catabolic, and pathways are anabolic.
E)   A pathway is a specific sequence of reactions.

Question 7

Which of the following statements describe how oxygen intake relates to caloric requirements? I.Oxygen reacts with food to produce energy.
II) The larger the oxygen intake, the higher the energy output.
III) Oxygen is a product of food metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A)   All of these statements describe the relationship between oxygen intake and caloric requirements.
B)   I and II describe the relationship between oxygen intake and caloric requirements.
C)   II and III describe the relationship between oxygen intake and caloric requirements.
D)   I and III describe the relationship between oxygen intake and caloric requirements.
E)   Only II describes the relationship between oxygen intake and caloric requirements.

Question 8

Which statement best describes the relationship between the heat of reaction and reaction rate?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is no readily predictable relationship between ΔH and reaction rate.
B)   Exothermic reactions are always slow.
C)   Endothermic reactions are always slow.
D)   The heat of reaction is always larger than reaction rate.
E)   The relationship depends on whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic.

Question 9

An exothermic reaction is one that:

Accepted Answer

A)   has a positive ΔH.
B)   has no ΔH.
C)   absorbs heat.
D)   has products higher in energy than reactants.
E)   has a negative ΔH.

Question 10

Which of the following biological molecules are the major nutrients that make up the food that we eat? I. Proteins
II.Nucleic acids
III.Steroids
IV.Fats
V.Carbohydrates

Accepted Answer

A)   All of these are major nutrients.
B)   I, II, IV, and V
C)   I and V
D)   III, IV, and V
E)   I, IV, and V

Question 11

A reaction occurs between the large black spheres and the small grey spheres.Each of the boxes below represents different reaction conditions for that reaction.Which box contains the reaction conditions that leads to the fastest reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   diagram a
B)   diagram b
C)   diagram c
D)   diagram d
E)   diagram e

Question 12

Which part of the following energy diagram is changed when a catalyst is added, and how is it changed?

Accepted Answer

A)   I is higher.
B)   II is higher.
C)   III is higher.
D)   I is lower.
E)   II is lower.

Question 13

Bond breaking is always endothermic and yet catabolism, the breakdown of nutrients, is an overall exothermic process.How can you reconcile these two statements?

Accepted Answer

A)   Catabolism is an exception to the rule.
B)   Bond breaking is not really always endothermic.
C)   Endothermic bond breaking is only seen in the laboratory.
D)   No one really understands this.
E)   Catabolism is the sum of many reactions, including many bond-making reactions.

Question 14

What are biological catalysts called?

Accepted Answer

A)   proteins
B)   nucleic acids
C)   enzymes
D)   carbohydrates
E)   lipids

Question 15

A spirometer is used in indirect calorimetry.What does a spirometer measure?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen
B)   carbon dioxide
C)   exhaled water
D)   body heat
E)   food intake

Question 16

The ΔH for the reaction described by the energy diagram below is

Accepted Answer

A)   very large.
B)   greater than zero but not necessarily very large.
C)   exactly zero.
D)   less than zero.
E)   It is not possible to predict anything about the ΔH of this equation.

Question 17

One serving of animal crackers (30 g) contains 4.5 g of fat, 22 g of carbohydrates, and 2 g of proteins.Which of the following equations would you use to determine the number of calories in one serving of animal crackers?

Accepted Answer

A)   4.5 g × 4 Cal/g + 22 g × 9 Cal/g + 2 g × 4 Cal/g
B)   4.5 g × 9 Cal/g + 22 g × 4 Cal/g + 2 g × 4 Cal/g
C)   4.5 g × 4 Cal/g + 22 g × 4 Cal/g + 2 g × 4 Cal/g
D)   4.5 g × 9 Cal/g + 22 g × 9 Cal/g + 2 g × 4 Cal/g
E)   4.5 g × 4 Cal/g + 22 g × 4 Cal/g + 2 g × 9 Cal/g

Question 18

How is the reaction that occurs in a calorimeter different from human metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)   One is a combustion reaction, and the other is not.
B)   One occurs in many steps, and the other does not.
C)   One is exothermic, and the other is endothermic.
D)   One releases carbon dioxide, and the other does not.
E)   These reactions are exactly the same.

Question 19

In order for a reaction to occur, reactant molecules must attain a certain amount of energy called _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   ΔH
B)   energy
C)   entropy
D)   activation energy
E)   Any of the above.

Question 20

Which of the following processes are anabolic?

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle building as a result of steroid use
B)   releasing energy from food during the citric acid cycle
C)   weight loss as a result of burning fat
D)   transferring bond energy from food to ATP
E)   All of the above are anabolic processes.

Exam 6: Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

A spirometer is used in indirect calorimetry.What does a spirometer measure?

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How is a biochemical pathway different than a biochemical reaction?

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Which of the following processes are anabolic?

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In order for a reaction to occur, reactant molecules must attain a certain amount of energy called _______.

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Which of the following statements describe how oxygen intake relates to caloric requirements? I.Oxygen reacts with food to produce energy. II) The larger the oxygen intake, the higher the energy output. III) Oxygen is a product of food metabolism.

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What are biological catalysts called?

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One serving of animal crackers (30 g) contains 4.5 g of fat, 22 g of carbohydrates, and 2 g of proteins.Which of the following equations would you use to determine the number of calories in one serving of animal crackers?

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How would this diagram be different if the reaction was exothermic?

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Which of the following biological molecules are the major nutrients that make up the food that we eat? I. Proteins II.Nucleic acids III.Steroids IV.Fats V.Carbohydrates

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How is the reaction that occurs in a calorimeter different from human metabolism?

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The reaction between acetic acid (CH3COOH) and methanol (CH3OH) is at equilibrium.Select the change that would result in a shift to the right. CH3COOH + CH3OH ⇌ CH3COOCH3 + H2O

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Which part of the following energy diagram is changed when a catalyst is added, and how is it changed?

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Bond breaking is always endothermic and yet catabolism, the breakdown of nutrients, is an overall exothermic process.How can you reconcile these two statements?

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An exothermic reaction is one that:

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Which statement describes reaction rate?

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Which statement best describes the relationship between the heat of reaction and reaction rate?

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Identify the false statement regarding bond energy.

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The ΔH for the reaction described by the energy diagram below is

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An endothermic reaction is one that

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A reaction occurs between the large black spheres and the small grey spheres.Each of the boxes below represents different reaction conditions for that reaction.Which box contains the reaction conditions that leads to the fastest reaction?

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The reaction between acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and methanol (CH₃OH) is at equilibrium.Select the change that would result in a shift to the right. CH₃COOH + CH₃OH ⇌ CH₃COOCH₃ + H₂O

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