Question 1

Drugs like AZT, ddC, or ddI work against the AIDS virus because they

Accepted Answer

A)  destroy viral proteins.
B)  look like hairpins to cause premature termination of viral mRNA.
C)  look like tRNAs and block viral translation.
D)  look like nitrogenous bases and block viral reverse transcriptase.
E)  prevent the virus from releasing its genome into the cytoplasm.

Question 2

RNA polymerase binds to ________ before beginning transcription.

Accepted Answer

A)  a promoter
B)  an operator
C)  a structural gene
D)  a replication origin
E)  the Shine-Dalgarno

Question 3

Select the statement that describes the stability of DNA and RNA under typical cellular conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Double-stranded DNA in the nucleus and single-stranded RNA in the cytoplasm are equally stable.
B)  Double-stranded DNA in the nucleus is more stable than single-stranded RNA in the cytoplasm.
C)  Single-stranded RNA in the cytoplasm is more stable than double-stranded DNA in the nucleus.
D)  Both RNA in the cytoplasm and double-stranded DNA in the nucleus can never be degraded within a cell.

Question 4

Mutations that result in the production of much less of a protein or a protein that functions less efficiently than wild type are

Accepted Answer

A)  null mutations.
B)  hypomorphic mutations.
C)  hypermorphic mutations.
D)  conditional mutations.
E)  neomorphic mutations.

Question 5

The DNA sequence 5' ATGCCTGAATCAGCTTTA 3' could encode a maximum of ____ amino acids in a protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  5
B)  6
C)  7
D)  18

Question 6

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is the enzyme that

Accepted Answer

A)  folds tRNA molecules into their proper configuration.
B)  causes tRNA molecules to bind to the aminoacyl site of a ribosome.
C)  produces tRNA by reading DNA molecules.
D)  adds the appropriate amino acid to an uncharged tRNA.

Question 7

The genetic code includes

Accepted Answer

A)  3 start codons and 1 stop codon.
B)  2 start codons and 2 stop codons.
C)  1 start codon and 3 stop codons.
D)  0 start codons and 4 stop codons.

Question 8

In the modification of eukaryotic mRNA, ________ cap and ________ tail are usually added to the transcript.

Accepted Answer

A)  an acetylated-guanine; a poly-cytosine
B)  a poly-guanine; a methyl group
C)  a poly-thymine; an acetyl group
D)  a methylated-guanine; a poly-adenine
E)  a methylated-adenine; a poly-guanine

Question 9

A complex of proteins and small nuclear RNAs that form discrete particles to mediate splicing is a

Accepted Answer

A)  holoenzyme.
B)  spliceosome.
C)  nucleosome.
D)  ribosome.
E)  chromosome.

Question 10

A neomorphic mutation in the Antennapedia (Antp) gene of Drosophila causes

Accepted Answer

A)  kinks to form in their tails.
B)  growth of antenna from the leg region.
C)  total loss of color vision.
D)  extra antenna on the head.
E)  growth of a leg from the head region.

Question 11

A neomorphic mutation could result in an allele that

Accepted Answer

A)  produces no gene product.
B)  produces a nonfunctional gene product.
C)  produces a novel protein that gives rise to a new phenotype.
D)  produces mutant protein subunits that aggregate with wild-type subunits, inactivating them.
E)  produces an altered protein that functions more efficiently than the wild-type protein does.

Question 12

In the digestive system, some protease enzymes must be secreted as an inactive form and then activated later by proteolytic cleavage once outside of the secreting cell to prevent active proteases from damaging the secreting cells.What is the category of precursor proteins of this type?

Accepted Answer

A)  ubiquitins
B)  zymogens
C)  glycosides
D)  activins

Question 13

Mutations that completely abolish the function of a wild-type allele are

Accepted Answer

A)  null mutations.
B)  hypomorphic mutations.
C)  hypermorphic mutations.
D)  conditional mutations.
E)  neomorphic mutations.

Question 14

A mutation that occurs when a base is inserted into or deleted from a DNA sequence, completely altering the subsequent sequence of codons, is a

Accepted Answer

A)  frameshift mutation.
B)  missense mutation.
C)  silent mutation.
D)  nonsense mutation.

Question 15

Which of the following is required for initiation of eukaryotic translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shine-Dalgarno sequence
B)  5' cap
C)  release factors
D)  N-formylmethionine
E)  introns

Question 16

The different tRNAs are produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that produce tRNAs from ribonucleotides in the cytoplasm.
B)  RNA editing of transcripts of a single tRNA gene.
C)  alternatively spliced of a single tRNA gene.
D)  transcription of different tRNA genes in the genome.

Question 17

Which enzyme forms peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids during polypeptide synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase
B)  phosphotransferase
C)  peptidyl transferase
D)  ribonuclease

Question 18

Which of these processes are coupled in prokaryotes but NOT in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription and translation
B)  replication and transcription
C)  replication and translation
D)  transcription and splicing

Exam 8: Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

In the digestive system, some protease enzymes must be secreted as an inactive form and then activated later by proteolytic cleavage once outside of the secreting cell to prevent active proteases from damaging the secreting cells.What is the category of precursor proteins of this type?

Correct Answer
verified

The genetic code includes

Correct Answer
verified

The different tRNAs are produced by

Correct Answer
verified

A mutation that occurs when a base is inserted into or deleted from a DNA sequence, completely altering the subsequent sequence of codons, is a

Correct Answer
verified

Mutations that result in the production of much less of a protein or a protein that functions less efficiently than wild type are

Correct Answer
verified

Mutations that completely abolish the function of a wild-type allele are

Correct Answer
verified

Which enzyme forms peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids during polypeptide synthesis?

Correct Answer
verified

A neomorphic mutation could result in an allele that

Correct Answer
verified

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is the enzyme that

Correct Answer
verified

A neomorphic mutation in the Antennapedia (Antp) gene of Drosophila causes

Correct Answer
verified

RNA polymerase binds to ________ before beginning transcription.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these processes are coupled in prokaryotes but NOT in eukaryotes?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is required for initiation of eukaryotic translation?

Correct Answer
verified

In the modification of eukaryotic mRNA, cap and tail are usually added to the transcript.

Correct Answer
verified

A complex of proteins and small nuclear RNAs that form discrete particles to mediate splicing is a

Correct Answer
verified

Drugs like AZT, ddC, or ddI work against the AIDS virus because they

Correct Answer
verified

The DNA sequence 5' ATGCCTGAATCAGCTTTA 3' could encode a maximum of ____ amino acids in a protein.

Correct Answer
verified

Select the statement that describes the stability of DNA and RNA under typical cellular conditions.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Gene Expression: the Flow of Information From Dna to Rna to Protein

In the digestive system, some protease enzymes must be secreted as an inactive form and then activated later by proteolytic cleavage once outside of the secreting cell to prevent active proteases from damaging the secreting cells.What is the category of precursor proteins of this type?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic code includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The different tRNAs are produced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation that occurs when a base is inserted into or deleted from a DNA sequence, completely altering the subsequent sequence of codons, is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations that result in the production of much less of a protein or a protein that functions less efficiently than wild type are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations that completely abolish the function of a wild-type allele are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which enzyme forms peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids during polypeptide synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neomorphic mutation could result in an allele that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is the enzyme that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neomorphic mutation in the Antennapedia (Antp) gene of Drosophila causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA polymerase binds to ________ before beginning transcription.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these processes are coupled in prokaryotes but NOT in eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is required for initiation of eukaryotic translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the modification of eukaryotic mRNA, ________ cap and ________ tail are usually added to the transcript.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A complex of proteins and small nuclear RNAs that form discrete particles to mediate splicing is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs like AZT, ddC, or ddI work against the AIDS virus because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The DNA sequence 5' ATGCCTGAATCAGCTTTA 3' could encode a maximum of ____ amino acids in a protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the statement that describes the stability of DNA and RNA under typical cellular conditions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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verified

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verified

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verified

In the modification of eukaryotic mRNA, cap and tail are usually added to the transcript.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified