Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding effluent streams is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions.
B)  Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions.
C)  Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions.
D)  Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following reservoirs contains the least water?

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmosphere
B)  the biosphere
C)  groundwater
D)  lakes and riversE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding porosity and permeability is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  High porosity rocks generally have high permeability.
B)  High porosity rocks generally have low permeability.
C)  Low porosity rocks generally have high permeability.
D)  Porosity and permeability have identical meanings.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

________ is the infiltration of water into the saturated zone,and _______ is the exit of groundwater to the surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  Recharge; discharge
B)  Permeation; evaporation
C)  Seepage; outflow
D)  Hydration; outfluxE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

What is the most common source of groundwater pollution?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical spills
B)  fertilizer overuse
C)  septic systems leakage
D)  radioactive waste disposalE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

How old is the oldest water discovered on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,500 years
B)  1.5 million years
C)  250 million years
D)  1.5 billion yearsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Water that is suitable for drinking is also called ________ water.

Accepted Answer

A)  sanitary
B)  fresh
C)  potable
D)  meteoricE) A) and C)
F) B) and D) C

Question 8

Stalagmites

Accepted Answer

A)  form in sandstone fractures.
B)  form in the pore spaces of a limestone.
C)  grow up from the floor of a cave.
D)  hang down from the ceiling of a cave.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Groundwater represents how much of the world's fresh water?

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately 1%
B)  approximately 12%
C)  approximately 29%
D)  approximately 35%E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

The mathematical equation that describes the flow of water underground is known as _______ law.

Accepted Answer

A)  Murphy's
B)  Darcy's
C)  Henry's
D)  Newton'sE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The hydraulic gradient is the

Accepted Answer

A)  ratio between the porosity and permeability of an aquifer.
B)  ratio between the permeability and elevation difference in an aquifer.
C)  ratio between the elevation difference and the flow distance in an aquifer.
D)  ratio between the influx and outflow of water in an aquifer.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following statements about karst topography is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karst topography contains sinkholes.
B)  Karst topography forms from freezing and thawing of groundwater.
C)  Karst topography does not have a normal river drainage system.
D)  Karst topography forms in regions where subsurface limestone is dissolved by groundwater.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Karst topography forms in regions underlain by

Accepted Answer

A)  basalt.
B)  limestone.
C)  sandstone.
D)  shale.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Which of the following has the highest permeability?

Accepted Answer

A)  gravel
B)  sandstone
C)  shale
D)  siltE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Darcy's law states that the volume of water flowing through a cross-sectional area per time is equal to

Accepted Answer

A)  porosity × hydraulic conductivity.
B)  porosity × water table slope.
C)  hydraulic conductivity × water table slope.
D)  porosity × hydraulic conductivity × water table slope.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C) C

Question 16

The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called

Accepted Answer

A)  discharge.
B)  evaporation.
C)  infiltration.
D)  transpiration.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 17

What is the difference between the saturated and unsaturated zones of groundwater?

Accepted Answer

A)  The saturated zone has a higher porosity than the unsaturated zone.
B)  The saturated zone has a lower porosity than the unsaturated zone.
C)  The pore spaces in the saturated zone are full of water; the pore spaces in the unsaturated zone are not full of water.
D)  The pore spaces in the saturated zone are not full of water; the pore spaces in the unsaturated zone are full of water.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

The world's total water supply is approximately _______ km3.

Accepted Answer

A)  140 million
B)  1) 4 billion
C)  50 billion
D)  2) 25 millionE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Wetlands are valuable because they

Accepted Answer

A)  store little water.
B)  are great for land development.
C)  can be drained easily.
D)  help control flooding.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following regions has the highest annual surface runoff?

Accepted Answer

A)  central Texas
B)  southern Florida
C)  northern Michigan
D)  western WashingtonE) C) and D)
F) A) and B) D

Exam 17: The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Which of the following statements regarding effluent streams is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following reservoirs contains the least water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding porosity and permeability is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the infiltration of water into the saturated zone,and _______ is the exit of groundwater to the surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most common source of groundwater pollution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How old is the oldest water discovered on Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water that is suitable for drinking is also called ________ water.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Stalagmites

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Groundwater represents how much of the world's fresh water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mathematical equation that describes the flow of water underground is known as _______ law.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hydraulic gradient is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about karst topography is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Karst topography forms in regions underlain by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has the highest permeability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darcy's law states that the volume of water flowing through a cross-sectional area per time is equal to

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between the saturated and unsaturated zones of groundwater?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The world's total water supply is approximately _______ km3.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Wetlands are valuable because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following regions has the highest annual surface runoff?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

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__ is the infiltration of water into the saturated zone,and _ is the exit of groundwater to the surface.

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C

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C

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The world's total water supply is approximately _______ km³.

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D