Exam 26: The Conservative Turn, 1969-1988

A) stated that equality of rights under the law could not be abridged on account of sex.
B) was revived by second-wave feminists and was expected to arouse controversy, given its lack of support among a majority of congressional Republicans.
C) had originally been proposed in 1970 by members of NOW.
D) mandated that women had to surrender maternity leave.
E) would have resulted in the abolition of Planned Parenthood.

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A

A) created the federal parole system.
B) instituted soft sentencing guidelines.
C) temporarily abolished the death penalty.
D) reinstated the federal death penalty.
E) lowered national spending on criminal justice.

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A) Neoconservatives believed that even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good.
B) The expense of the space race convinced them that they had to give up fighting the Cold War.
C) The U.S. experience in the Vietnam War taught neoconservatives to wage wars with all available resources.
D) The prosperity under the stewardship of liberal Democrats convinced them that New Deal economics were the path for the future.
E) Their own exposure to drugs, sex, and rock and roll made them more likely to be libertarians at heart.

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A) Nixon would stage a second political comeback in the Reagan administration.
B) As many Democrats as Republicans wound up in jail in the Watergate scandal.
C) Nixon remained popular with the American public, despite the Watergate scandal.
D) Watergate undermined public confidence in the merits of the federal government.
E) Republicans distanced themselves from Nixon and won majorities in 1974.

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A) the Viet Cong's policy of immediate execution of defectors recaptured from the South Vietnamese army.
B) Nixon's term for the transformation of young people into "real" Americans when they refrained from protesting against the war.
C) Nixon's Vietnam strategy to have American troops gradually withdraw and South Vietnamese troops assume the fighting.
D) the State Department program offering fast-tracked political asylum for South Vietnamese military officials and their families.
E) the spread of American culture in South Vietnam to display the benefits of capitalism.

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A) the Constitution did not require equality of school funding.
B) not to interfere with racism within public schools.
C) that white suburbs did not need to apply a desegregation plan.
D) students should not be transported long distances to go to school.
E) that transportation of students was necessary to end segregation.

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A) the reluctance of Americans to send U.S. troops to an overseas conflict.
B) the idea that the press influences the outcome of a war.
C) the belief that soldiers who suffered post-traumatic stress disorders should be medically treated.
D) the idea that the United States needed to stop all communist nations from expanding.
E) the belief that the United States needed to isolate Vietnam from the rest of the world.

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A) It granted the president power to enact military law in emergency situations.
B) It provided the push needed for President Nixon to win the Vietnam War.
C) It empowered the president to manage the diplomatic relations of South Vietnam.
D) It required congressional approval for the commitment of troops overseas.
E) It prohibited the president from negotiating trade deals with warring nations.

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A) 15 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 30 percent
D) 40 percent
E) 50 percent

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A) 1950s
B) 1970s
C) 1960s
D) 1980s
E) 1990s

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False

A) stealing the show at the Moscow Olympics
B) withdrawing the SALT II treaty from consideration by the Senate
C) raising prices on grain exports to the Soviet Union
D) funneling aid to the mujahideen guerilla warriors fighting the Soviets
E) dramatically shifting American military spending to Egypt and Saudi Arabia

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A) proved the success of the alternative energy resource.
B) was the first of its kind to be operational.
C) brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry's expansion.
D) was the first nuclear plant to have an accident.
E) stood as a symbol of American scientific and technological superiority.

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A) was successful at reviving the American economy.
B) introduced programs that encouraged growth in the manufacturing sector.
C) reversed the economic policies of his predecessor.
D) restored Americans' confidence in their nation, as business boomed.
E) failed to revive the economy.

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E

A) affirmative action was unconstitutional.
B) racial quotas for college admissions were constitutional.
C) fixed affirmative action quotas were unconstitutional.
D) race could no longer be used as a factor in college admissions.
E) gender could no longer be used as a factor in college admissions.

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The Second Gilded Age refers to the peri...

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A) Race could be used as a factor in admissions decisions.
B) Admissions programs could not set aside spots only for minorities.
C) Quotas for training and hiring of nonwhite workers were acceptable.
D) The Constitution did not require equality with school funding.
E) Racially neutral job requirements could still be discriminatory and illegal.

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A) providing social aid.
B) crime control.
C) providing equal opportunities.
D) unionizing factories.
E) modernizing the national state.

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