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Which of these works of literature was written first?


A) the Epic of Gilgamesh
B) the Iliad
C) the "Hymn of Praise to Ra"
D) the poetry of Hesiod
E) the Five Books of Moses

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What concept of order did the Middle Kingdom use to reinforce the pharaoh's authority?


A) demotic
B) necropolis
C) the afterlife
D) ma'at
E) Osiris

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Which of the following adjectives best describes the Persian Empire?


A) ethnocentric
B) inefficient
C) tolerant
D) unstable
E) humble

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Which of the following tasks was primarily done by women in Egypt?


A) They spun flax.
B) They made rope.
C) They wove linen.
D) They harvested flax.
E) They beat papyrus plants into a material used for writing.

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The Sea Peoples destroyed several important cities, such as Troy.

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Describe how writing developed and explain how it became a fundamental part of ancient Near Eastern culture.

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Writing developed as a way to manage inv...

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Which statement about the Mycenaeans is correct?


A) They spoke an early form of Greek.
B) They had diplomatic contact with powers of the ancient Near East.
C) They shared many aspects of ancient Near Eastern culture, such as the use of chariots.
D) They had no literature comparable to that of ancient Near Eastern cultures.
E) Some scholars believe they made an expedition to Troy.

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Which of the following distinguishes the powers of the late third millennium BCE from the earlier third millennium BCE?


A) In the later period, empires stopped receiving tribute.
B) In the later period, empires suppressed local religions.
C) In the later period, empires used local governors to rule.
D) In the later period, rulers did not want to work with local powers.
E) In the later period, rulers rejected divine status.

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What developments of the Neolithic era made it possible for cities to develop?

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The most important development of the Neolithic era was agriculture, which permitted hunter-gatherer groups to settle in one location permanently due to cultivation of crops and domestication of animals.This development took place over a long period.People had always survived on plants, grains, and meat, as well as other animal products, but gradually, at various places and at various times, they realized they could select seeds with more preferable characteristics and breed animals with more suitable qualities.Technological developments, such as pottery, which provided a better way to preserve seeds, as well as metallurgy, which permitted the use of more durable tools, increased agricultural productivity, which in turn made it easier for settlements to prosper and even grow.The development in particular of irrigation, which occurred in Mesopotamia about 4000 BCE, brought about levels of productivity far higher than had ever been seen.This productivity permitted larger settlements to develop in this region.Such large settlements helped bring about several conditions that allowed what we now define as cities to possess some distinctive features: specialization, formal government, and centralized religious worship.Uruk, in southern Sumer, benefited from both the region where it was located as well as technological developments to become the first known city.

The pyramids on Giza Plateau were constructed close to which Egyptian center?


A) Memphis
B) Akhetaten
C) Thebes
D) Jerusalem
E) Uruk

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In Sumer, who worked on state-supported projects, such as irrigation?


A) slaves
B) nomads such as the Amorites
C) free people conscripted for part of the year
D) prisoners of war
E) specialists employed by the state

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Adherents to the Egyptian religion, Zoroastrianism, and Judaism all agree that the soul is immortal.

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Hittites and early Near Eastern dynasties shared which of the following characteristics?


A) They both used iron.
B) They both fought with chariots.
C) They both used archers.
D) They both spoke an Indo-European language.
E) They both used battering rams.

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Who invaded and ruled Egypt between the Middle and New Kingdoms?


A) the Assyrians
B) the Hittites
C) the Minoans
D) the Hyksos
E) the Sea Peoples

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Minoan palaces were smaller than contemporary Egyptian and ancient Near Eastern palaces, but both had many decorations.

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In which of the following periods did people in the ancient Near East discover how to use selective breeding to improve the quality of their animals and crops?


A) New Kingdom Egypt
B) Mesolithic period
C) Sumerian city-state period
D) Neolithic period
E) Akkadian Empire

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Which king of Judah constructed the first Jewish Temple?


A) Saul
B) David
C) Solomon
D) Moses
E) Judah

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During the third and second millennia BCE, Egyptians developed significantly more advanced technology than inhabitants of the ancient Near East.

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Which of the following areas of Greek culture appear to have no Egyptian or Near Eastern forerunner?


A) the symposium
B) kouroi
C) alphabet
D) the use of animals on pottery
E) the use of literature to give moral guidance

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A

When and where was the Odyssey written?


A) Mycenaean Greece
B) Neo-Babylonian Empire
C) Middle Kingdom Egypt
D) Dark Age Greece
E) Archaic Greece

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A

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