Question 1

Ursula is always getting out of her seat at inappropriate times. You scold her every time she does this,but her behavior seems to be getting worse rather than better.
a. From an operant conditioning perspective,why is Ursula's getting-out-of-seat behavior increasing rather than decreasing? Identify at least two possible reasons for the increase.
b. How might you decrease her behavior by reinforcing an incompatible behavior? Describe your procedure in detail,specifying the reinforcer and the behavior you will reinforce.

Accepted Answer

a. Something appears to be reinforcing t...

Question 2

Three of the following are likely to give you reasonable clues about a child's cultural background and/or ethnic group membership. Which one is probably least dependable as an indicator of a child's cultural background and ethnicity?

Accepted Answer

A)  A child's physical features
B)  The ethnicity of a child's parents
C)  The particular language that family members use at home
D)  The cultural and religious activities in which a child regularly participates

Question 3

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom. With the textbook's discussion of cultural diversity in mind,identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ms. Andreas forms small,multicultural groups in which students describe and compare their perspectives about a recent international conflict.
B)  Ms. Boynton uses competitive activities to get all students motivated to do their best.
C)  Ms. Champas explores the ways in which children from different backgrounds are alike as well as different.
D)  Ms. Delaney makes sure she presents both the American and Mexican views of the Mexican-American War.

Question 4

Operant conditioning theorists use the term reinforcement rather than "reward" because:

Accepted Answer

A)  The term "reward" implies a consequence that others would judge to be desirable.
B)  One type of reinforcement (negative reinforcement) is actually a form of punishment.
C)  The term "reward" can refer only to a material reinforcer.
D)  The term "reward" can refer only to a social reinforcer.

Question 5

Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding individual achievement and competition in many Native American,Mexican American,and Southeast Asian cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students from these cultures may get so caught up in competition that they lose track of what's most important for them to learn.
B)  Students from these cultures may compete with each other for the lowest grade in class and so may intentionally fail their tests.
C)  Many students from these cultures are uncomfortable with competition and may prefer to help their classmates rather than compete with them.
D)  Students from all of these cultures have a greater-than-average need to achieve individual recognition so that they can make their parents proud.

Question 6

Which one of the following is the best example of a social reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Getting a new outfit that you think is "cool"
B)  Being told that you did a good job
C)  Being allowed to play basketball at a friend's house after you finish your homework
D)  Feeling good about your own generosity toward a less fortunate classmate

Question 7

In the middle of a difficult exam,Robert tells his teacher that his stomach hurts,and the teacher immediately sends him to the school nurse. On several later occasions when he has a difficult test or assignment,Robert again tells his teacher that he doesn't feel well. Each time he is sent to the school nurse before he has completed his work. From an operant conditioning perspective,we can say that Robert is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Experiencing removal punishment for complaining about his stomach.
B)  Being negatively reinforced for complaining about his stomach.
C)  Being intermittently reinforced for complaining about his stomach.
D)  Showing a tendency to delay gratification.

Question 8

Which one of the following is not an example of information literacy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lisa uses an Internet search engine to find websites she can use for her research paper.
B)  Rebecca goes to a website address given to her by her teacher and she reads the information on the website.
C)  Sarah's teacher gives her papers printed from websites and she evaluates the accuracy of the information in the papers.
D)  Rebecca synthesizes the information from her Internet search into a presentation for her class.

Question 9

Ms. Frago has several students who are chronic misbehavers. She meets individually with each student,and together she and the student agree to a plan for improving the student's behavior and a suitable reinforcement for appropriate behavior change. Ms. Frago is using:

Accepted Answer

A)  Reinforcement of an incompatible behavior.
B)  A contingency contract.
C)  Self-reinforcement.
D)  Self-monitoring.

Question 10

Which one of the following is the best example of a symbolic model?

Accepted Answer

A)  A detective on a television show
B)  The school principal
C)  An older brother or sister
D)  A police officer who lives next door

Question 11

George enjoys being on the debating team,but he is taken off the team when he inadvertently utters an obscene word during a debate. Being taken off the team is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Presentation punishment.
B)  Removal punishment.
C)  Reinforcement of an incompatible behavior.
D)  Negative reinforcement.

Question 12

Daveda has always had a knack for working with numbers. As a child,she often sought out mathematical brainteasers that would challenge her,and when she reached high school,she enrolled in the most challenging math courses in the curriculum. By twelfth grade,she was taking an advanced calculus course at a nearby university. Daveda's behavior is a good example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Situated cognition.
B)  Niche-picking.
C)  Intermittent reinforcement.
D)  Distributed cognition.

Question 13

The textbook speaks of a cultural mismatch that may interfere with a student's ability to succeed in a traditional classroom. Describe the types of mismatches that might occur related to each of these traditional educational practices:
a. The daily school time schedule
b. Whole-class question-and-answer sessions
c. Classroom competition

Accepted Answer

a. Schools typically run on a rigid time...

Question 14

The Case Study at the beginning of Chapter 3 in the textbook presents a narrative involving a Navajo student,Jack,who doesn't return home after going to the movies with friends. After a week-long absence from both home and school,Jack is eventually found safe. At that point,his parents keep him home from school for a few extra days to help out on the family farm. Which one of the following alternatives is probably the best explanation for the parents' behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some cultural groups see little need for children to learn how to read and write.
B)  The parents are using farm chores as a means of punishing Jack for his misbehavior.
C)  The parents are afraid that the school will criticize them for not having located their son sooner.
D)  The Navajo culture values both individual autonomy and interpersonal cooperation.

Exam 4: Learning in Context

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is not an example of information literacy?

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the following are likely to give you reasonable clues about a child's cultural background and/or ethnic group membership. Which one is probably least dependable as an indicator of a child's cultural background and ethnicity?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom. With the textbook's discussion of cultural diversity in mind,identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is the best example of a social reinforcer?

Correct Answer
verified

Operant conditioning theorists use the term reinforcement rather than "reward" because:

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is the best example of a symbolic model?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
a. Schools typically run on a rigid time...
View Answer

Ms. Frago has several students who are chronic misbehavers. She meets individually with each student,and together she and the student agree to a plan for improving the student's behavior and a suitable reinforcement for appropriate behavior change. Ms. Frago is using:

Correct Answer
verified

George enjoys being on the debating team,but he is taken off the team when he inadvertently utters an obscene word during a debate. Being taken off the team is an example of:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
a. Something appears to be reinforcing t...
View Answer

Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding individual achievement and competition in many Native American,Mexican American,and Southeast Asian cultures?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Learning in Context

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is not an example of information literacy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following are likely to give you reasonable clues about a child's cultural background and/or ethnic group membership. Which one is probably least dependable as an indicator of a child's cultural background and ethnicity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom. With the textbook's discussion of cultural diversity in mind,identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is the best example of a social reinforcer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operant conditioning theorists use the term reinforcement rather than "reward" because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is the best example of a symbolic model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answerverifieda. Schools typically run on a rigid time...View AnswerShow Answer

Ms. Frago has several students who are chronic misbehavers. She meets individually with each student,and together she and the student agree to a plan for improving the student's behavior and a suitable reinforcement for appropriate behavior change. Ms. Frago is using:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

George enjoys being on the debating team,but he is taken off the team when he inadvertently utters an obscene word during a debate. Being taken off the team is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answerverifieda. Something appears to be reinforcing t...View AnswerShow Answer

Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding individual achievement and competition in many Native American,Mexican American,and Southeast Asian cultures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
a. Schools typically run on a rigid time...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
a. Something appears to be reinforcing t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified