Question 1

Melvin Tumin criticized Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E.Moore's functionalist theory of stratification on a number of grounds.Which of the following is NOT one of his criticisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   All positions in society are equally important.
B)   Economic and cultural resources help transmit privileged status across generations.
C)   The functional importance of a role is difficult to measure.
D)   Social rewards bestowed on people in important roles do not reflect actual importance.
E)   Stratification limits the discovery of talent in society.

Question 2

Emma is a partner at a large law firm in New York City.Her mother was a secretary at a bank,and her mother's mother cleaned offices for a living.This family history illustrates the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)   intragenerational mobility
B)   intergenerational mobility
C)   life course
D)   life history
E)   structural mobility

Question 3

How far an individual moves up or down the socioeconomic scale in her lifetime is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   intragenerational mobility
B)   intergenerational mobility
C)   life course
D)   life history
E)   structural mobility

Question 4

Downward mobility is particularly common among divorced or separated women with children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If the same level of inequality that existed 35 years ago still existed today,the after-tax income:

Accepted Answer

A)   of the top 5% would be about $100,000 lower than it actually is now
B)   of the top 5% would be about $100,000 higher than it actually is now
C)   of the middle 20% would be about $20,000 lower than it actually is now
D)   of the middle 20% would be about $20,000 higher than it actually is now
E)   inequality did not change

Question 6

The factor that accounts for racial disparities in wealth and income is:

Accepted Answer

A)   education
B)   social class of parents
C)   discrimination
D)   all of the above
E)   none of the above

Question 7

Explain the criticisms of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E.Moore's theory and why it does NOT offer a comprehensive explanation of social class in American our society.Support your assertion with concrete examples.

Accepted Answer

Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E. Moore's th...

Question 8

The lowest group in the American class system lacks access to the world of work and of mainstream patterns of behavior.All of the following terms are used for this group EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   new urban poor
B)   poorest of the poor
C)   truly disadvantaged
D)   underclass
E)   untouchables

Question 9

Discuss the differences in average income and wealth between whites,African Americans,and Latinos.Are the gaps shrinking or getting larger? Why?

Accepted Answer

The differences in average income and we...

Question 10

Over the past century,Western societies have virtually eliminated the income inequality that characterized earlier eras.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

People working in blue-collar or pink-collar occupations make up the:

Accepted Answer

A)   lower middle class
B)   middle class upper middle class
C)   underclass old middle class
D)   upper middle class new middle class
E)   working class

Question 12

Social mobility refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A)   ability of people in a society to engage in protest movements
B)   migration of people across national borders
C)   migration of people from rural to urban areas
D)   movement of individuals and groups between class positions
E)   transportation system of a society

Question 13

Why has there been a decline in state-mandated caste systems?

Accepted Answer

A)   As more women were elected to office, the moral issues surrounding castes overrode the political ones.
B)   As more countries industrialized, the caste system became economically obsolete.
C)   The United Nations passed a resolution condemning caste systems.
D)   Countries that sanction the caste system have experienced serious boycotts from other, more enlightened countries.
E)   All of the above.

Question 14

According to Pierre Bourdieu,in a consumer society,lifestyle choices and taste:

Accepted Answer

A)   are not related to social class
B)   can intensify class differences
C)   eliminate class differences
D)   lead to the acquisition of cultural capital
E)   reinforce the idea that there are no intense class boundaries

Question 15

Based on Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E.Moore's concept of functional importance,the occupation that would be most important to society,and consequently should receive greater rewards is:

Accepted Answer

A)   bus driver
B)   elementary school teacher
C)   garbage collector
D)   professional athlete
E)   surgeon

Question 16

According to the Kuznets curve,inequality in capitalist societies:

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases at first, stabilizes, and then decreases again
B)   increases at first, declines, and then stabilizes at a relatively low level
C)   decreases at first, increases rapidly, and then stabilizes at a relatively high level
D)   increases at first, stabilizes at a high level, and then declines gradually
E)   starts out stable for a long time and then gradually increases to a high level

Question 17

Suppose a society has truly equal opportunity,and within each generation,the more talented people move up in position while the less talented move down.Such a society would have:

Accepted Answer

A)   exchange mobility
B)   intergenerational mobility
C)   intragenerational mobility
D)   social reproduction
E)   structural mobility

Question 18

Sociologists call a large group of people who occupy a similar economic position and have similar economic resources that influence the type of lifestyle they are able to lead in society:

Accepted Answer

A)   slaves
B)   peons
C)   estate
D)   class
E)   caste

Question 19

Annette Lareau's research found that working-class children raised in the "development of natural growth" model were more successful in school than children raised in the "concerted cultivation" style.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Max Weber argued that class divisions derive from such resources as people's skills,credentials,and qualifications.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Stratification, class, and Inequality

Annette Lareau's research found that working-class children raised in the "development of natural growth" model were more successful in school than children raised in the "concerted cultivation" style.

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If the same level of inequality that existed 35 years ago still existed today,the after-tax income:

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Explain the criticisms of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E.Moore's theory and why it does NOT offer a comprehensive explanation of social class in American our society.Support your assertion with concrete examples.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIKingsley Davis and Wilbert E. Moore's th...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Pierre Bourdieu,in a consumer society,lifestyle choices and taste:

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Suppose a society has truly equal opportunity,and within each generation,the more talented people move up in position while the less talented move down.Such a society would have:

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Downward mobility is particularly common among divorced or separated women with children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Max Weber argued that class divisions derive from such resources as people's skills,credentials,and qualifications.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E.Moore's concept of functional importance,the occupation that would be most important to society,and consequently should receive greater rewards is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why has there been a decline in state-mandated caste systems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over the past century,Western societies have virtually eliminated the income inequality that characterized earlier eras.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emma is a partner at a large law firm in New York City.Her mother was a secretary at a bank,and her mother's mother cleaned offices for a living.This family history illustrates the concept of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How far an individual moves up or down the socioeconomic scale in her lifetime is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People working in blue-collar or pink-collar occupations make up the:

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Melvin Tumin criticized Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E.Moore's functionalist theory of stratification on a number of grounds.Which of the following is NOT one of his criticisms?

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According to the Kuznets curve,inequality in capitalist societies:

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Social mobility refers to the:

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The factor that accounts for racial disparities in wealth and income is:

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The lowest group in the American class system lacks access to the world of work and of mainstream patterns of behavior.All of the following terms are used for this group EXCEPT:

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Discuss the differences in average income and wealth between whites,African Americans,and Latinos.Are the gaps shrinking or getting larger? Why?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe differences in average income and we...View AnswerShow Answer

Sociologists call a large group of people who occupy a similar economic position and have similar economic resources that influence the type of lifestyle they are able to lead in society:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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