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With__________, psychologists and other scientists can observe behavior where it happens, or "in the field."


A) experimental observation
B) controlled observation
C) naturalistic observation
D) introspective observation

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__________is defined as a way of evaluating the claims and comments of other people that involves skepticism and examination of evidence.


A) Introspection
B) Critical thinking
C) Reinforcement
D) Conditioning

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In a study conducted to test the effect of a medicine, one group of participants is given the medicine while another group is not. The latter would be considered an experimental group.

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__________is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.


A) Physiology
B) Psychology
C) Sociology
D) Ecology

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Which of the following statements is true of clinical psychologists?


A) They study ways to encourage people to recycle and to preserve bastions of wilderness.
B) They evaluate problems such as anxiety and depression through interviews and psychological tests.
C) They deal with clients who have minor adjustment problems but not with clients who have serious psychological disorders.
D) They deal with legal matters such as whether a defendant was sane when committing a crime.

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When a patient insists on having a medical cure but a physician does not believe that medicine is necessary, the physician may prescribe sugar pills. Such fake pills are called _____.


A) analgesics
B) noceboes
C) placebos
D) antidepressants

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When following the scientific method, psychologists usually begin a study by:


A) formulating a research question.
B) testing a hypothesis.
C) calculating correlations.
D) modifying theories.

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Psychologists with a__________perspective are most likely to focus on the evolution of behavior.


A) functionalist
B) cognitive
C) behaviorist
D) biological

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