Question 1

Jean and Melissa, age 7, met at their church and seemed to become friends very quickly. What patterns would we expect to see in their social interactions?

Accepted Answer

A)   They listen to each other, and each asks questions if she doesn't understand what the other is saying.
B)   Jean likes school and decided she would help Melissa, who hates school, do better at school.
C)   Jean and Melissa introduce each other to their many differing interests.
D)   Melissa ignores many of Jean's initiations, but Jean keeps trying.

Question 2

As children spend more time with their peers during middle childhood, they must learn how to:

Accepted Answer

A)   not compete for social status.
B)   avoid conflicts with peers.
C)   create a satisfying place for themselves within the social group.
D)   regulate their behavior with help from adults.

Question 3

Jean Piaget argued that the idea of God:

Accepted Answer

A)   is a projection of our need for a protective parent figure.
B)   changes with the development of new cognitive systems of thinking.
C)   is unrelated to psychosocial systems.
D)   is a property of the collective unconscious.

Question 4

During middle childhood in nonindustrialized societies, sexual segregation in play groups:

Accepted Answer

A)   does not occur.
B)   is probably related to the kinds of chores to which children are assigned.
C)   is due to different styles of interaction.
D)   is due to different play activities.

Question 5

According to Piaget, games with rules are models of social institutions and morality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A review of contemporary research on children's and adults' conceptions of God justifies which conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conceptions of God are universal and unchanging across age-level, cultural group, and context.
B)   Conceptions of God change for both adults and for children as a function of context.
C)   Conceptions of God change for children across contexts but do not change for adults.
D)   Children's conceptions of God are anthropomorphic, whereas adults' conceptions of God are abstract.

Question 7

According to Piaget, moral development involves a shift from ____________ morality to ____________ morality.

Accepted Answer

A)   heteronomous; autonomous
B)   autonomous; heteronomous
C)   id; superego
D)   superego; id

Question 8

The term "social repair mechanisms" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)   strategies used by people to reconcile differences.
B)   adults who monitor disputes between preschoolers.
C)   a type of therapy used to help emotionally disturbed children.
D)   the desire of children entering the period of formal operations to help solve world problems.

Question 9

Research has demonstrated that parents who monitor their children (e.g., know where they are, whom they are with, and what they are doing)  tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)   have poor relations with their children.
B)   have children who do not engage in antisocial behavior.
C)   have children who are rejected by their peers.
D)   also use physical punishment to control their children's behavior.

Question 10

Children in a variety of cultures rely on ideas of ____________ over ____________ when making moral judgments.

Accepted Answer

A)   rules and authority; harm and welfare
B)   social conventions; religious dogma
C)   self-interest; group concerns
D)   harm and welfare; rules and authority

Question 11

When two friends are matched in terms of relational aggression, their friendship is likely to be stable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Social comparisons play a role in children's sense of themselves during middle childhood:

Accepted Answer

A)   because they have no sense of absolute levels of competence or success.
B)   because they do not have a strong sense of self.
C)   around age 6.
D)   when they start engaging in social perspective taking.

Question 13

Children who have poor peer relations during middle childhood are more likely than other children to be delinquent or have criminal records as adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Popular children tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)   be good at compromise and negotiating.
B)   have an overall negative reputation.
C)   hang out in cliques.
D)   have better social-information processing skills than do bullies.

Question 15

When playing experimentally designed games, children in Asia and Latin America tend to adopt ____________ strategies.

Accepted Answer

A)   cooperative
B)   competitive
C)   systematic
D)   idiocentric

Question 16

Discrepancies between a child's "ideal" self and "actual" self may enhance or diminish her self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Vickie sees herself as a poor student in math class, but she would like to be the most accomplished student in the class. Vickie is demonstrating a discrepancy between her _____ self and her _____ self.

Accepted Answer

A)   objective; subjective
B)   actual; stereotyped
C)   past; future
D)   actual; ideal

Question 18

Children who are rejected by their peers tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)   overestimate their social skills.
B)   be aggressive.
C)   underestimate their social skills.
D)   compensate for their social difficulties.

Question 19

Michael and his friends from his first-grade class are ready to go out to recess. We would expect them to spend recess:

Accepted Answer

A)   running around in swarms.
B)   playing marbles.
C)   talking.
D)   playing in small groups.

Question 20

When children begin to recognize that others have different perspectives, Kohlberg refers to this as:

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomous morality.
B)   instrumental morality.
C)   culturally generated morality.
D)   moral perspective taking.

Exam 13: Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Jean Piaget argued that the idea of God:

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When playing experimentally designed games, children in Asia and Latin America tend to adopt ____________ strategies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has demonstrated that parents who monitor their children (e.g., know where they are, whom they are with, and what they are doing) tend to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discrepancies between a child's "ideal" self and "actual" self may enhance or diminish her self-esteem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vickie sees herself as a poor student in math class, but she would like to be the most accomplished student in the class. Vickie is demonstrating a discrepancy between her _____ self and her _____ self.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jean and Melissa, age 7, met at their church and seemed to become friends very quickly. What patterns would we expect to see in their social interactions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A review of contemporary research on children's and adults' conceptions of God justifies which conclusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social comparisons play a role in children's sense of themselves during middle childhood:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When two friends are matched in terms of relational aggression, their friendship is likely to be stable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During middle childhood in nonindustrialized societies, sexual segregation in play groups:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, moral development involves a shift from ____________ morality to ____________ morality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children who have poor peer relations during middle childhood are more likely than other children to be delinquent or have criminal records as adults.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Michael and his friends from his first-grade class are ready to go out to recess. We would expect them to spend recess:

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Popular children tend to:

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As children spend more time with their peers during middle childhood, they must learn how to:

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Children who are rejected by their peers tend to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When children begin to recognize that others have different perspectives, Kohlberg refers to this as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children in a variety of cultures rely on ideas of ____________ over ____________ when making moral judgments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, games with rules are models of social institutions and morality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "social repair mechanisms" refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Vickie sees herself as a poor student in math class, but she would like to be the most accomplished student in the class. Vickie is demonstrating a discrepancy between her _ self and her _ self.

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According to Piaget, moral development involves a shift from morality to morality.

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Children in a variety of cultures rely on ideas of over when making moral judgments.

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