Question 1

Which of the following describes the primary function of vitamin A in bone health?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates uptake of calcium from the intestines
B)  It promotes synthesis of specific bone proteins involved in the mineralization process
C)  It assists enzymes that degrade certain regions of the bone,thereby allowing remodeling to occur
D)  It inhibits oxidation of bone mucopolysaccharides,thereby preserving bone crystal integrity and promoting growth

Question 2

What tissue contains the majority of the body's store of vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver
B)  Adipose
C)  Retinal cells
D)  Intestinal mucosal cells

Question 3

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bioavailability of vitamin D from soy milk is low
B)  Lifeguards on southern beaches have increased risk for vitamin D toxicity
C)  Most adults living in the southern United States need small amounts of dietary vitamin D
D)  The average consumption in the United States does not meet the recommended intake

Question 4

Which of the following is a feature of osteocalcin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It activates lysosomes involved in remodeling bone
B)  It binds calcium in the GI tract to enhance absorption
C)  It requires vitamin K to bind to bone-forming minerals
D)  It works synergistically with the kidneys to reduce urinary calcium excretion

Question 5

Why does vitamin A status depend on the person's protein status?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate protein intake is a marker for liberal intake of the vitamin
B)  Dietary protein ensures synthesis of the vitamin's GI tract transporter
C)  Adequate protein intake reduces the risk for infection from bacteria that degrade the vitamin
D)  Transport of the vitamin within the body requires sufficient protein to synthesize retinol-binding protein

Question 6

What percentage of the U.S.population is deficient in vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  5
B)  10
C)  20
D)  30

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of free radicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are destroyed by cigarette smoking
B)  They arise from normal metabolic reactions
C)  They typically stop chain reactions associated with the production of peroxides
D)  They are known to accumulate even in the presence of abundant antioxidant nutrients

Question 8

All of the following are characteristics of vitamin D nutrition EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  deficient intake may lead to altered bone composition.
B)  excessive intake may lead to mineral deposits in the kidneys.
C)  fortified milk is the major dietary source in the U.S.population.
D)  the requirement is increased in most people who are exposed to the sun.

Question 9

Which of the following are major sources of vitamin E in the diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meats
B)  Citrus fruits
C)  Vegetable oils
D)  Milk and dairy products

Question 10

As far as is known,vitamin A does not play an important role in which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood clotting
B)  Growth of bones and teeth
C)  Synthesis of visual pigment
D)  Maintaining mucous membranes

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of carotenoids in foods?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are found in many vegetables and fruits
B)  Most carotenoids can be converted to vitamin A
C)  Carotenoid absorption is inhibited by foods rich in chlorophyll
D)  The carotenoid with the highest conversion rate to vitamin A is lycopene

Question 12

Which of the following compounds serves as the major precursor for the body's synthesis of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol
B)  Tryptophan
C)  Beta-carotene
D)  Eicosapentanoic acid

Question 13

Which of the following may result from excessive intakes of vitamin D by adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased bone density
B)  Increased bone calcification
C)  Deformity of leg bones,ribs,and skull
D)  Mineral deposits in soft tissues such as the kidney

Question 14

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin K?

Accepted Answer

A)  It participates in synthesis of bone proteins
B)  Large amounts can be stored in adipose tissue
C)  Good food sources are legumes and raw fruits
D)  Intestinal bacterial synthesis provides over 90% of the body's need for most people

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of excess consumption of beta-carotene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overconsumption from foods is harmless
B)  Overconsumption from supplements is harmless
C)  Drinking alcohol worsens the adverse effects of supplements
D)  Smoking cigarettes aggravates the detrimental effects of supplements

Question 16

What feature is shared by vitamins E and K?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deficiencies of either lead to anemia
B)  Both have strong antioxidant properties
C)  Neither is involved in bone development
D)  Supplements of either may interfere with anticlotting medications

Question 17

To decrease risk for vitamin A toxicity-related birth defects,it is suggested that pregnant women limit vitamin A supplements to less than

Accepted Answer

A)  5,000 RAE.
B)  10,000 RAE.
C)  4 times the RDA.
D)  10 times the RDA.

Question 18

What form of tocopherol shows vitamin E activity in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha
B)  Beta
C)  Gamma
D)  Delta

Question 19

There is some evidence for benefits from vitamin E supplements in all of the following groups EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  premature infants.
B)  people with intermittent claudication.
C)  women with fibrocystic breast disease.
D)  people with problems of sexual impotence.

Question 20

Retinol-binding protein is required to transport vitamin

Accepted Answer

A)  A.
B)  E.
C)  K.
D)  D.

Exam 11: The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, d, e, and K

Which of the following is a feature of osteocalcin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are characteristics of vitamin D nutrition EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of excess consumption of beta-carotene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin K?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of free radicals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What form of tocopherol shows vitamin E activity in the human body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To decrease risk for vitamin A toxicity-related birth defects,it is suggested that pregnant women limit vitamin A supplements to less than

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What feature is shared by vitamins E and K?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Retinol-binding protein is required to transport vitamin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of carotenoids in foods?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What tissue contains the majority of the body's store of vitamin A?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes the primary function of vitamin A in bone health?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does vitamin A status depend on the person's protein status?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following may result from excessive intakes of vitamin D by adults?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following compounds serves as the major precursor for the body's synthesis of vitamin D?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of the U.S.population is deficient in vitamin D?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As far as is known,vitamin A does not play an important role in which of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is some evidence for benefits from vitamin E supplements in all of the following groups EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are major sources of vitamin E in the diet?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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