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Exam 9: Inferring Population Means

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Question 31

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A researcher wants to know whether athletic women are more flexible than non- athletic women. For this experiment, a woman who exercised vigorously at least four times per week was considered "athletic." Flexibility is measured in inches on a sit & reach box. Test the researcher's claim using the following summary statistics: Assume that all conditions for testing have been met. Report the test statistic and p- value. At the 1% significance level, state your decision regarding the null hypothesis and your conclusion about the original claim. Round all values to the nearest thousandth.

A) t = - 1.623; p = 0.054; Reject the null hypothesis; there is strong evidence to suggest that athletic women are more flexible than non- athletic women.
B) t = - 1.623; p = 0.108; Reject the null hypothesis; there is strong evidence to suggest that athletic women are more flexible than non- athletic women.
C) t =1.623; p = 0.108; Reject the null hypothesis; there is not strong evidence to suggest that athletic women are more flexible than non- athletic women.
D) t =1.623; p = 0.054; Fail to reject the null hypothesis; there is not strong evidence to suggest that athletic women are more flexible than non- athletic women.

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Question 32

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Suppose that a major league baseball game has an average length of 2.9 hours with a standard deviation of 0.5 hours. It is known that game length is not normally distributed. Suppose a random sample of 36 games is taken from the population. What is the approximate probability that average game length will be greater than 3.15 hours or less than 2.75 hours? Round to the nearest thousandth.

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Question 33

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Use the following information to answer the question. A sprint duathlon consists of a 5 km run, a 20 km bike ride, followed by another 5 km run. The mean finish time of all participants in a recent large duathlon was 1.67 hours with a standard deviation of 0.25 hours. Suppose a random sample of 30 participants in the 40- 44 age group was taken and the mean finishing time was found to be 1.62 hours with a standard deviation of 0.40 hours. -Suppose we were to make a histogram of the finishing times of the 30 participants in the 40- 44 age group. Would the histogram be a display of the population distribution, the distribution of a sample, or the sampling distribution of means?

Choose the statement that describes a situation where a confidence interval and a hypothesis test will yield the same results.

Which of the following is not a true statement about the Central Limit Theorem for sample means?

Suppose that the average song length in America is 4 minutes with a standard deviation of 1.25 minutes. It is known that song length is not normally distributed. Find the probability that a single randomly selected song from the population will be longer than 4.25 minutes. Round to the nearest thousandth.

The reading level of a random sample of men and a random sample of women are measured. Researchers want know whether women typically read at a higher level than men.

Suppose that a major league baseball game has an average length of 2.9 hours with a standard deviation of 0.5 hours. It is known that game length is not normally distributed. Suppose a random sample of 36 games is taken from the population. Sketch the probability distribution and shade in the region that corresponds to the probability. What is the approximate probability that average game length will be greater than 3.1 hours? Round to the nearest thousandth.

The quality engineer at a paint manufacturer conducted a hypothesis test to test the claim that the mean volume of paint cans had changed after an adjustment in the manufacturing process. Mean volume in paint cans before the adjustment was 1.02 gallons. Assume that all conditions for testing have been met. She used technology to complete the hypothesis test. Following is the null and alternative hypothesis and the output from her graphing calculator. H₀: µ = 1.02 gallons H_a: µ × 1.02 gallons Write a statement explaining what her decision regarding the null hypothesis should be and a statement summarizing her conclusion regarding the claim that average volume of paint cans had changed. Has the adjustment in the manufacturing process changed the average volume of paint cans?

Use the following information to answer the question. A sprint duathlon consists of a 5 km run, a 20 km bike ride, followed by another 5 km run. The mean finish time of all participants in a recent large duathlon was 1.67 hours with a standard deviation of 0.25 hours. Suppose a random sample of 30 participants in the 40- 44 age group was taken and the mean finishing time was found to be 1.62 hours with a standard deviation of 0.40 hours. -Suppose that the average country song length in America is 4.75 minutes with a standard deviation of 1.10 minutes. It is known that song length is not normally distributed. Suppose a sample of 25 songs is taken from the population. What is the approximate probability that the average song length will last more than 5.25 minutes? Round to the nearest thousandth.

State whether the situation has dependent or independent samples. A researcher wants to know if reaction time is affected by the gender of the driver. He measures the reaction time of 30 female drivers while they drive a compact car, then he measures the reaction time of 30 male drivers while they drive a compact car.

A researcher wants to know whether athletic men are more flexible than non- athletic men. For this experiment, a man who exercised vigorously at least four times per week was considered "athletic." Flexibility is measured in inches on a sit & reach box. Test the researcher's claim using the following summary statistics: Assume that all conditions for testing have been met. Report the test statistic and p- value. At the 5% significance level, state your decision regarding the null hypothesis and your conclusion about the original claim. Round all values to the nearest thousandth.

Use the following information to answer the question. A sprint duathlon consists of a 5 km run, a 20 km bike ride, followed by another 5 km run. The mean finish time of all participants in a recent large duathlon was 1.67 hours with a standard deviation of 0.25 hours. Suppose a random sample of 30 participants was taken and the mean finishing time was found to be 1.59 hours with a standard deviation of 0.30 hours. -What is the standard error for the mean finish time of 30 randomly selected participants? Round to the nearest thousandth.

Compare the normal distribution and the t- distribution. How are they similar? How are they different?

Use the following information to answer the question. According to the website ww.costofwedding.com, the average cost of flowers for a wedding is $698. Recently, in a random sample of 40 weddings in the U.S. it was found that the average cost of the flowers was $734, with a standard deviation of $102. On the basis of this, a 95% confidence interval for the mean cost of flowers for a wedding is $701 to $767. -Does the confidence interval provide evidence that the mean cost of flowers for a wedding has increased?

The weights at birth of five randomly chosen baby giraffes were 111, 115, 120, 103, and 106 pounds. Assume the distribution of weights is normally distributed. Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean weight of all baby giraffes. Use technology for your calculations. Give the confidence interval in the form "estimate ± margin of error." Round to the nearest tenth of a pound.

The weights at birth of five randomly chosen baby Orca whales were 425, 454, 380, 405, and 426 pounds. Assume the distribution of weights is normally distributed. Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean weight of all baby Orca whales. Use technology for your calculations. Give the confidence interval in the form "estimate ± margin of error." Round to the nearest tenth of a pound.

Use the following information to answer the question. According to the website HYPERLINK "http://www.costofwedding.com/" www.costofwedding.com, the average cost of catering a wedding (with an open bar)is $100 per person. Recently, in a random sample of 40 weddings in the U.S. it was found that the average catering cost was $110, with a standard deviation of $12. On the basis of this, a 95% confidence interval for the mean catering cost for a wedding is $106 to $114. -Verify that the conditions for a valid confidence interval are met.

A researcher wants to know if mood is affected by music. She conducts a test on a sample of 4 randomly selected adults and measures mood rating before and after being exposed to classical music. Test the hypothesis that mood rating improved after being exposed to classical music. Following are the mood ratings for the four participants: Assume that all conditions for testing have been met. Report the null and alternative hypothesis and p- value. At the 5% significance level, state your decision regarding the null hypothesis and your conclusion about the original claim. Round all values to the nearest thousandth.

The weight of King Salmon from Lake Michigan and Lake Superior are measured. Researchers want to know whether Lake Michigan King Salmon weigh less than those from Lake Superior.