Question 1

A local bronchodilation within the alveolus will result in a(n) ________ in the ventilation -perfusion ratio in that region. A vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteriole diameter will result in a(n) ________ in the ventilation -perfusion ratio in that region.

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease : increase
B)   increase : increase
C)   lack of change : increase
D)   decrease : decrease
E)   increase : decrease

Question 2

The carbamino effect describes a change in the conformation of hemoglobin that is induced by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   increase in temperature.
B)   decrease in temperature.
C)   decrease in pH.
D)   increase in pH.
E)   increase in CO2.

Question 3

What is a decrease in carbon dioxide within the blood called?

Accepted Answer

A)   hypoxia
B)   hypercapnia
C)   hypocapnia
D)   hypoxemia
E)   hyperpnea

Question 4

Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood occurs by what process?

Accepted Answer

A)   facilitated diffusion
B)   osmosis
C)   simple diffusion
D)   primary active transport
E)   secondary active transport

Question 5

What percentage of air is carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A)   6%
B)   79%
C)   12%
D)   
E)   21%

Question 6

In the discussion of respiration, hydrogen ions were shown to be important in many aspects of ventilation. Thus, the respiratory system plays an important role in the regulation of acid -base balance. Describe the role of the respiratory system in the maintenance of acid -base balance.

Accepted Answer

Typically, blood pH is somewhere around ...

Question 7

Hypoventilation would lead to a(n)  _______within the systemic arteries.

Accepted Answer

A)   selective increase in PO2
B)   selective decrease in PCO2
C)   increase in PO2 and decrease in PCO2
D)   selective decrease in PO2
E)   decrease in PO2 and increase in PCO2

Question 8

Oxygen is much more soluble in aqueous solution than carbon dioxide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Haldane effect describes the increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for CO2 in the presence of a lowered

Accepted Answer

A)   PCO2.
B)   pH.
C)   concentration of bicarbonate (HCO3 -) .
D)   PO2.
E)   temperature.

Question 10

At sea level, if oxygen is consumed by the body cells at a rate of 300 mL per minute, then how much oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood in the pulmonary capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)   300 mL per minute
B)   more than 300 mL per minute
C)   less than 300 mL per minute
D)   It depends on where the oxygen is being utilized.
E)   It depends on whether or not carbon dioxide is being produced at the same rate.

Question 11

What is the partial pressure of nitrogen if it accounts for 20% of a mixed gas with a total pressure of 1000 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A)   20 mm Hg
B)   200 mm Hg
C)   100 mm Hg
D)   0 mm Hg
E)   10 mm Hg

Question 12

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding a leftward shift in the hemoglobin -oxygen dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

A)   Affinity for oxygen is increased.
B)   It can be caused by an increase in blood pH.
C)   It can be caused by an increase in PCO2.
D)   Oxygen loading onto the hemoglobin is increased.
E)   Hemoglobin is more saturated at a given PO2.

Question 13

The Bohr effect describes the effects of pH on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is labored or difficult breathing called?

Accepted Answer

A)   apnea
B)   dyspnea
C)   hyperpnea
D)   hypopnea
E)   eupnea

Question 15

In the systemic arteries, the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately _______, and hemoglobin is approximately ________saturated with oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A)   100 mm Hg : 98%
B)   60 mm Hg : 50%
C)   40 mm Hg : 75%
D)   100 mm Hg : 75%
E)   40 mm Hg : 50%

Question 16

Hyperventilation decreases blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The exchange of gases occurs primarily within the lungs and tissues. Describe the nature of the movement of gases in the lungs (including how the partial pressure of alveolar gases are determined) and tissues.

Accepted Answer

In the lungs, gases move across the resp...

Question 18

Hyperventilation would lead to a(n)  _________within the systemic arteries.

Accepted Answer

A)   selective decrease in PO2
B)   increase in PO2 and decrease in PCO2
C)   selective increase in PO2
D)   selective decrease in PCO2
E)   decrease in PO2 and increase in PCO2

Question 19

What is the primary mechanism of carbon dioxide transport in blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   as bicarbonate dissolved in the red blood cells
B)   bound to hemoglobin
C)   dissolved in the red blood cells
D)   dissolved in the plasma
E)   as bicarbonate dissolved in the plasma

Question 20

Assuming resting conditions at sea level, what is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A)   160 mm Hg
B)   46 mm Hg
C)   40 mm Hg
D)   100 mm Hg
E)   80 mm Hg

Exam 17: The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

Hypoventilation would lead to a(n) _______within the systemic arteries.

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What is the primary mechanism of carbon dioxide transport in blood?

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The exchange of gases occurs primarily within the lungs and tissues. Describe the nature of the movement of gases in the lungs (including how the partial pressure of alveolar gases are determined) and tissues.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn the lungs, gases move across the resp...View AnswerShow Answer

Hyperventilation decreases blood pH.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood occurs by what process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of air is carbon dioxide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The carbamino effect describes a change in the conformation of hemoglobin that is induced by a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyperventilation would lead to a(n) _________within the systemic arteries.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Bohr effect describes the effects of pH on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the partial pressure of nitrogen if it accounts for 20% of a mixed gas with a total pressure of 1000 mm Hg?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the systemic arteries, the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately _______, and hemoglobin is approximately ________saturated with oxygen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Assuming resting conditions at sea level, what is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the discussion of respiration, hydrogen ions were shown to be important in many aspects of ventilation. Thus, the respiratory system plays an important role in the regulation of acid -base balance. Describe the role of the respiratory system in the maintenance of acid -base balance.

Correct AnswerverifiedTypically, blood pH is somewhere around ...View AnswerShow Answer

At sea level, if oxygen is consumed by the body cells at a rate of 300 mL per minute, then how much oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood in the pulmonary capillaries?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is labored or difficult breathing called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a decrease in carbon dioxide within the blood called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding a leftward shift in the hemoglobin -oxygen dissociation curve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Haldane effect describes the increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for CO2 in the presence of a lowered

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen is much more soluble in aqueous solution than carbon dioxide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A local bronchodilation within the alveolus will result in a(n) ________ in the ventilation -perfusion ratio in that region. A vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteriole diameter will result in a(n) ________ in the ventilation -perfusion ratio in that region.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In the lungs, gases move across the resp...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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In the systemic arteries, the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately _, and hemoglobin is approximately __saturated with oxygen.

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Typically, blood pH is somewhere around ...
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The Haldane effect describes the increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for CO₂in the presence of a lowered

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Correct Answer
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A local bronchodilation within the alveolus will result in a(n) in the ventilation -perfusion ratio in that region. A vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteriole diameter will result in a(n) in the ventilation -perfusion ratio in that region.

Correct Answer
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