Question 1

When a species lives in a constant environment for a long time, the ʺaverage typeʺ of individual may have the best chance of surviving and producing the most offspring. What type of selection is occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sexual
B)   Stabilizing
C)   Artificial
D)   Disruptive
E)   Directional

Question 2

Despite causing a life-threatening disease, the sickle-cell allele in some areas of Africa has remained in high frequency in those populations because it protects against malaria. In the United States, malaria was eradicated shortly before World War II by eliminating the mosquito that spreads the disease. What is likely to happen to the frequency of the sickle-cell allele in African Americans living in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   The frequency of the sickle-cell allele will decrease.
B)   The frequency of the sickle-cell allele will not change.
C)   The sickle-cell allele will disappear from the African American population.
D)   The frequency of the sickle-cell allele will increase.
E)   The normal allele will disappear from the African American population.

Question 3

In a very small population of birds, assume 5 out of 20 alleles are the type that codes for blue feathers. What is the allele frequency of the ʺblue feather alleleʺ in this population?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.25
B)   0.50
C)   0.20
D)   0.40
E)   5

Question 4

Suppose a population of mostly sand-colored crabs migrates from a sand beach to a pebble beach and evolves a darker, speckled coloration that closely resembles the pebble beach. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection.
B)   stabilizing selection.
C)   disruptive selection.
D)   sexual selection.
E)   genetic drift.

Question 5

Which of the following can be measured to estimate an organismʹs evolutionary fitness?

Accepted Answer

A)   The number of eggs it produces over its lifetime
B)   The number of gametes it produces over its lifetime
C)   The number of offspring it produces over its lifetime
D)   The number of offspring it produces over its lifetime that survive to breed
E)   The size of its offspring

Question 6

Evolution by genetic drift is most obvious in

Accepted Answer

A)   small populations.
B)   invertebrate species.
C)   large populations.
D)   aquatic organisms.
E)   migratory species.

Question 7

The elaborate courtship displays common among animals are the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   random mating.
B)   sexual selection.
C)   disruptive selection.
D)   spontaneous mutations.
E)   stabilizing selection.

Question 8

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, q2 represents the

Accepted Answer

A)   proportion of homozygous dominant individuals.
B)   decrease in heterozygous individuals.
C)   proportion of homozygous recessive individuals.
D)   increase in homozygous individuals.
E)   proportion of heterozygous individuals.

Question 9

Natural selection causes genetic changes in populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Natural selection selects for or against certain

Accepted Answer

A)   populations.
B)   gene pools.
C)   alleles.
D)   phenotypes.
E)   genotypes.

Question 11

The interaction of genes and environment produces a specific

Accepted Answer

A)   gene pool.
B)   population.
C)   allele.
D)   phenotype.
E)   genotype.

Question 12

Evolution by natural selection is

Accepted Answer

A)   constantly occurring at the same rate in all organisms.
B)   a rare event that has never been observed by scientists.
C)   a process that has occurred only in the past.
D)   currently occurring but only in scientific laboratories.
E)   a process that occurs as a result of differences in fitness.

Question 13

Imagine that a mutation for red eye color becomes very common in a population of flies because female flies in this population prefer to mate with red -eyed males. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection.
B)   stabilizing selection.
C)   disruptive selection.
D)   sexual selection.
E)   genetic drift.

Question 14

Shrews have been documented to travel across frozen lakes and establish populations on previously uninhabited islands. The low level of genetic diversity in the new populations is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   a population bottleneck.
B)   assortative mating.
C)   genetic drift.
D)   coevolution.
E)   the founder effect.

Question 15

The Pennsylvania Amish have a very high frequency of an unusual allele that results in short arms and legs and extra fingers. This high frequency is thought to be the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   the founder effect.
B)   the addition of new members to an already established population.
C)   nonrandom mutations.
D)   coevolution.
E)   a population bottleneck.

Question 16

The use of antibiotics caused the mutation that produced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Natural selection causes genetic changes in an individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Individuals who have one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a trait are referred to as __________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals who have one dominant allele and...

Question 19

The allele frequency of a population is the

Accepted Answer

A)   number of all alleles in that population.
B)   sum of all genes in that population.
C)   relative proportion of a given allele in that population.
D)   number of different types of alleles in that population.

Question 20

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, if 75% of the alleles in the gene pool are A1 and 25% are A2, what is the proportion of individuals with genotype A1A2 in this population?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.375
B)   0.5625
C)   0.0625
D)   0.025
E)   0.1875

Exam 16: How Populations Evolve

The interaction of genes and environment produces a specific

Correct Answer
verified

The elaborate courtship displays common among animals are the result of

Correct Answer
verified

Natural selection causes genetic changes in populations.

Correct Answer
verified

When a species lives in a constant environment for a long time, the ʺaverage typeʺ of individual may have the best chance of surviving and producing the most offspring. What type of selection is occurring?

Correct Answer
verified

The Pennsylvania Amish have a very high frequency of an unusual allele that results in short arms and legs and extra fingers. This high frequency is thought to be the result of

Correct Answer
verified

Shrews have been documented to travel across frozen lakes and establish populations on previously uninhabited islands. The low level of genetic diversity in the new populations is the result of

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose a population of mostly sand-colored crabs migrates from a sand beach to a pebble beach and evolves a darker, speckled coloration that closely resembles the pebble beach. This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Evolution by genetic drift is most obvious in

Correct Answer
verified

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, q2 represents the

Correct Answer
verified

The allele frequency of a population is the

Correct Answer
verified

In a very small population of birds, assume 5 out of 20 alleles are the type that codes for blue feathers. What is the allele frequency of the ʺblue feather alleleʺ in this population?

Correct Answer
verified

Evolution by natural selection is

Correct Answer
verified

Imagine that a mutation for red eye color becomes very common in a population of flies because female flies in this population prefer to mate with red -eyed males. This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Natural selection selects for or against certain

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Natural selection causes genetic changes in an individual.

Correct Answer
verified

The use of antibiotics caused the mutation that produced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following can be measured to estimate an organismʹs evolutionary fitness?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, if 75% of the alleles in the gene pool are A1 and 25% are A2, what is the proportion of individuals with genotype A1A2 in this population?

Correct Answer
verified

Individuals who have one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a trait are referred to as __________ .

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 16: How Populations Evolve

The interaction of genes and environment produces a specific

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The elaborate courtship displays common among animals are the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural selection causes genetic changes in populations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a species lives in a constant environment for a long time, the ʺaverage typeʺ of individual may have the best chance of surviving and producing the most offspring. What type of selection is occurring?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Pennsylvania Amish have a very high frequency of an unusual allele that results in short arms and legs and extra fingers. This high frequency is thought to be the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shrews have been documented to travel across frozen lakes and establish populations on previously uninhabited islands. The low level of genetic diversity in the new populations is the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose a population of mostly sand-colored crabs migrates from a sand beach to a pebble beach and evolves a darker, speckled coloration that closely resembles the pebble beach. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolution by genetic drift is most obvious in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, q2 represents the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The allele frequency of a population is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a very small population of birds, assume 5 out of 20 alleles are the type that codes for blue feathers. What is the allele frequency of the ʺblue feather alleleʺ in this population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolution by natural selection is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that a mutation for red eye color becomes very common in a population of flies because female flies in this population prefer to mate with red -eyed males. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural selection selects for or against certain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural selection causes genetic changes in an individual.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of antibiotics caused the mutation that produced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can be measured to estimate an organismʹs evolutionary fitness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, if 75% of the alleles in the gene pool are A1 and 25% are A2, what is the proportion of individuals with genotype A1A2 in this population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals who have one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a trait are referred to as __________ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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