Question 1

Many people can easily recall exactly what they were doing when they heard the news of the 9/11 terrorist tragedy. This best illustrates ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  echoic 
B)  flashbulb 
C)  implicit 
D)  iconic

Question 2

Excitement or stress triggers our glands to produce stress hormones. This is most likely to facilitate

Accepted Answer

A)  iconic memory. 
B)  explicit memory. 
C)  the spacing effect. 
D)  long-term potentiation.

Question 3

In Sperling's memory experiment,research participants were shown three rows of three letters,followed immediately by a low,medium,or high tone. The participants were able to report

Accepted Answer

A)  all three rows with perfect accuracy. 
B)  only the top row of letters. 
C)  only the middle row of letters. 
D)  any one of the three rows of letters.

Question 4

Which area of the brain is most important in the processing of implicit memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  amygdala

Question 5

Cerebellum is to ________ memory as hippocampus is to ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term; long-term 
B)  long-term; short-term 
C)  implicit; explicit 
D)  explicit; implicit

Question 6

A retention of skills and dispositions without conscious recollection is known as ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  state-dependent 
B)  flashbulb 
C)  short-term 
D)  implicit

Question 7

Automatic processing and effortful processing are two types of

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding. 
B)  retrieval. 
C)  rehearsal. 
D)  storage.

Question 8

Chess masters can recall the exact positions of most pieces after a brief glance at the game board. This ability is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  the spacing effect. 
B)  chunking. 
C)  the serial position effect. 
D)  mood-congruent memory.

Question 9

When you hear familiar words in your native language,it is virtually impossible not to register the meanings of the words. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  flashbulb memory. 
B)  automatic processing. 
C)  iconic memory. 
D)  the spacing effect.

Question 10

Although you can't recall the answer to a question on your psychology midterm,you have a clear mental image of the textbook page on which it appears. Evidently,your ________ encoding of the answer was ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  meaningful; automatic 
B)  visual; automatic 
C)  meaningful; effortful 
D)  visual; effortful

Question 11

Visually associating five items needed from the grocery store with mental images of a bun,a shoe,a tree,a door,and a hive best illustrates the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  the spacing effect. 
B)  implicit memory. 
C)  rosy retrospection. 
D)  the peg-word system.

Question 12

The three-stage processing model of memory was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin. 
B)  Herman Ebbinghaus. 
C)  Harry Bahrick. 
D)  George Sperling.

Question 13

Your consciously activated but limited-capacity memory is called ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term 
B)  implicit 
C)  mood-congruent 
D)  explicit

Question 14

Complete this analogy: Fill-in-the-blank test questions are to multiple-choice questions as

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding is to storage. 
B)  storage is to encoding. 
C)  recognition is to recall. 
D)  recall is to recognition.

Question 15

The happier Judie is,the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who were warm and generous. This best illustrates that emotional states can be

Accepted Answer

A)  retrieval cues. 
B)  short-term memories. 
C)  sensory memories. 
D)  flashbulb memories.

Question 16

The day after Kirsten was introduced to 13 people at a business luncheon,she could recall the names of only the first 4 people to whom she had been introduced. Her effective recall of these particular names best illustrates the benefits of

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic processing. 
B)  rehearsal. 
C)  flashbulb memory. 
D)  the peg-word system.

Question 17

To recall his early life experiences,Aaron formed vivid mental images of the various rooms in his childhood home. Aaron was applying the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic processing. 
B)  rosy retrospection. 
C)  déjà vu. 
D)  priming.

Question 18

Ebbinghaus' use of nonsense syllables to study memory led to the discovery that

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount remembered depends on the time spent learning. 
B)  what is learned in one mood is most easily retrieved in that same mood. 
C)  information that is automatically processed is rarely forgotten. 
D)  our sensory memory capacity is essentially unlimited.

Question 19

Some of the information in our ________ memory is encoded into ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  iconic; short-term 
B)  short-term; sensory 
C)  flashbulb; short-term 
D)  long-term; iconic

Question 20

The conscious repetition of information to maintain it in memory is called

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic processing. 
B)  rehearsal. 
C)  priming. 
D)  chunking.

Exam 20: How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Some of the information in our ________ memory is encoded into ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although you can't recall the answer to a question on your psychology midterm,you have a clear mental image of the textbook page on which it appears. Evidently,your ________ encoding of the answer was ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Automatic processing and effortful processing are two types of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The happier Judie is,the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who were warm and generous. This best illustrates that emotional states can be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chess masters can recall the exact positions of most pieces after a brief glance at the game board. This ability is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which area of the brain is most important in the processing of implicit memories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Sperling's memory experiment,research participants were shown three rows of three letters,followed immediately by a low,medium,or high tone. The participants were able to report

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you hear familiar words in your native language,it is virtually impossible not to register the meanings of the words. This best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Complete this analogy: Fill-in-the-blank test questions are to multiple-choice questions as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The conscious repetition of information to maintain it in memory is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your consciously activated but limited-capacity memory is called ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A retention of skills and dispositions without conscious recollection is known as ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three-stage processing model of memory was proposed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To recall his early life experiences,Aaron formed vivid mental images of the various rooms in his childhood home. Aaron was applying the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many people can easily recall exactly what they were doing when they heard the news of the 9/11 terrorist tragedy. This best illustrates ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ebbinghaus' use of nonsense syllables to study memory led to the discovery that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Excitement or stress triggers our glands to produce stress hormones. This is most likely to facilitate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The day after Kirsten was introduced to 13 people at a business luncheon,she could recall the names of only the first 4 people to whom she had been introduced. Her effective recall of these particular names best illustrates the benefits of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Visually associating five items needed from the grocery store with mental images of a bun,a shoe,a tree,a door,and a hive best illustrates the use of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cerebellum is to ________ memory as hippocampus is to ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some of the information in our memory is encoded into memory.

Correct Answer
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Although you can't recall the answer to a question on your psychology midterm,you have a clear mental image of the textbook page on which it appears. Evidently,your encoding of the answer was .

Correct Answer
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Cerebellum is to memory as hippocampus is to memory.

Correct Answer
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