Question 1

Describe the case of H.M. What does his story tell us about the role that memory plays in our sense of self?

Accepted Answer

H.M., whose real name was Henry Molaison...

Question 2

A participant is asked to look within himself or herself and report on his or her own mental processes. This method is called

Accepted Answer

A)   self-evaluation.
B)   self-monitoring.
C)   introspection.
D)   mentalistic study.

Question 3

Consider the sentence, "Sam, tired from hours of reading and working on his term paper, fell into bed at last." When you reach the sentence's 13th word ("fell") , you need to remember how the sentence began; otherwise, you won't know who fell into bed. The memory used for this task is called ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   episodic
B)   working
C)   generic
D)   long-term

Question 4

Mikey is four years old and has begun acting out. Every time he throws a tantrum, his mother rushes over to console him. In analyzing this behavior, what sort of factors would most interest a behaviorist? On what factors would a cognitive psychologist using the transcendental method focus? What conclusions will each psychologist reach?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mikey is four years old and has...

Question 5

Dr. Mnemonic conducted a study in which neural activity was measured (with fMRI) while participants were presented with either digits or abstract images to memorize. He found that the left temporal lobe was active when the digits were presented, and the right parietal lobe was active for the abstract images. Interpret these results in terms of the multicomponent model. Does it support this model or refute it? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr. Mnemonic conducted a study in which...

Question 6

Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure which topic within psychology most interests her. Which of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   amnesia
B)   language acquisition
C)   Lyme's disease
D)   problem-solving strategies

Question 7

The technical term for talking to oneself when rehearsing verbal material is

Accepted Answer

A)   vocal memory.
B)   schizophrenia.
C)   subvocalization.
D)   subconscious reading.

Question 8

Genie wonders why she can never remember the names of new acquaintances. In search of an answer, she analyzes her mental behaviors and feelings about meeting new people. Genie is engaged in which process?

Accepted Answer

A)   subvocal rehearsal
B)   introspection
C)   learning history analysis
D)   goal retrieval

Question 9

In using the articulatory rehearsal loop, the central executive temporarily relies on storage in

Accepted Answer

A)   a phonological buffer.
B)   episodic memory.
C)   a subvocal bank.
D)   a visual form in visual memory.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about introspection is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is based on opinions, not facts.
B)   It is subjective.
C)   It provides strong evidence for hypothesis-testing.
D)   It was an early form of evidence.

Question 11

It is important to gather evidence from several sources because

Accepted Answer

A)   alternative explanations for any single piece of evidence could exist.
B)   it is easier to explain a lot of data, relative to a little data.
C)   a single study is likely to be decisive.
D)   people often make mistakes.

Question 12

A behaviorist, like John Watson, is LEAST likely to believe which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)   Our experiences influence our behaviors and our minds.
B)   Children are a good source for data.
C)   The mind is not amenable to scientific inquiry because it is not easily observed.
D)   When it comes to collecting data, introspection is as valuable as behavior.

Question 13

A participant hears the sequence "F, D, P, U, G, Q, R," and then, a moment later, must repeat the sequence aloud. If errors occur in this procedure, they are likely to involve

Accepted Answer

A)   sound-alike confusions, for example, "T " instead of "D."
B)   look-alike confusions, for example, "O " instead of "Q."
C)   confusions with near neighbors in the alphabet, for example, "G " instead of "F."
D)   confusions because of strong associations, for example, "I " instead of "Q " because of the familiarity of "IQ."

Question 14

You want to order a pizza and need to pay with a credit card. You glance at your credit card number and then put the card back into your wallet. When it comes time to pay, you can only remember the first four numbers. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why?

Accepted Answer

A)   Working memory is limited to 15 items, and your card has 16 digits.
B)   Your credit card number is mostly fours and twos and you get confused.
C)   The pizza delivery guy keeps talking while you are rehearsing the digits.
D)   Working-memory capacity is reduced because you have to hold the phone.

Question 15

Which of the following would a classical behaviorist be LEAST likely to study?

Accepted Answer

A)   a participant's response to a particular situation
B)   a participant's beliefs
C)   changes in a participant's behavior that follow changes in the environment
D)   principles that apply equally to human behavior and to the behavior of other species

Question 16

Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to apply to patient H.M.?

Accepted Answer

A)   "He cannot remember what he did earlier today, including events that took place just an hour ago."
B)   "He read this story last month, but he was still surprised by how the story turned out."
C)   "Even though he has encountered the nurse many times, he is still unable to recognize her."
D)   "He remembers emotional information, like the news of someone dying."

Question 17

Introspection is considered the first step toward a science of cognitive psychology because

Accepted Answer

A)   it was the first systematic attempt to observe and record the content of mental processes.
B)   interpretation of our mental lives requires training.
C)   conscious events are just as important as unconscious events.
D)   it provided the first testable claims.

Question 18

Evidence from anarthric (speechless)  patients suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   the muscles necessary for speech are also needed for subvocalization.
B)   subvocalization does not use words.
C)   the muscles needed for speech are not needed for subvocalization.
D)   these patients are unable to subvocalize.

Question 19

If Sheila says, "Pass the salt, please," you are likely to pass her the salt. You'll probably respond in the same way if Sheila (a chemistry major)  instead asks, "Could you please hand me the sodium chloride crystals?" This observation seems to indicate that our behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)   primarily controlled by the physical characteristics of the stimuli we encounter.
B)   shaped by the literal meanings of the stimuli we encounter.
C)   determined by simple associations among the stimuli we encounter.
D)   governed by what the stimuli we encounter mean to us.

Question 20

Participants are shown a series of complex shapes (that are not easily named)  and asked to draw them from memory after they have been taken away. Which of the following statements about this exercise is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   On average, participants can correctly draw ten of the shapes from memory.
B)   Participants can use the process of subvocalization to help them remember the shapes.
C)   Concurrent articulation decreases performance dramatically.
D)   Saying, "tah, tah, tah," out loud while doing this task should not affect performance.

Exam 1: The Science of the Mind

Introspection is considered the first step toward a science of cognitive psychology because

Correct Answer
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The technical term for talking to oneself when rehearsing verbal material is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would a classical behaviorist be LEAST likely to study?

Correct Answer
verified

You want to order a pizza and need to pay with a credit card. You glance at your credit card number and then put the card back into your wallet. When it comes time to pay, you can only remember the first four numbers. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why?

Correct Answer
verified

Genie wonders why she can never remember the names of new acquaintances. In search of an answer, she analyzes her mental behaviors and feelings about meeting new people. Genie is engaged in which process?

Correct Answer
verified

In using the articulatory rehearsal loop, the central executive temporarily relies on storage in

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to apply to patient H.M.?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Participants are shown a series of complex shapes (that are not easily named) and asked to draw them from memory after they have been taken away. Which of the following statements about this exercise is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A participant hears the sequence "F, D, P, U, G, Q, R," and then, a moment later, must repeat the sequence aloud. If errors occur in this procedure, they are likely to involve

Correct Answer
verified

A behaviorist, like John Watson, is LEAST likely to believe which of the following statements?

Correct Answer
verified

A participant is asked to look within himself or herself and report on his or her own mental processes. This method is called

Correct Answer
verified

Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure which topic within psychology most interests her. Which of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?

Correct Answer
verified

Evidence from anarthric (speechless) patients suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the case of H.M. What does his story tell us about the role that memory plays in our sense of self?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
H.M., whose real name was Henry Molaison...
View Answer

It is important to gather evidence from several sources because

Correct Answer
verified

If Sheila says, "Pass the salt, please," you are likely to pass her the salt. You'll probably respond in the same way if Sheila (a chemistry major) instead asks, "Could you please hand me the sodium chloride crystals?" This observation seems to indicate that our behavior is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about introspection is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: The Science of the Mind

Introspection is considered the first step toward a science of cognitive psychology because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The technical term for talking to oneself when rehearsing verbal material is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would a classical behaviorist be LEAST likely to study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You want to order a pizza and need to pay with a credit card. You glance at your credit card number and then put the card back into your wallet. When it comes time to pay, you can only remember the first four numbers. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genie wonders why she can never remember the names of new acquaintances. In search of an answer, she analyzes her mental behaviors and feelings about meeting new people. Genie is engaged in which process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In using the articulatory rehearsal loop, the central executive temporarily relies on storage in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to apply to patient H.M.?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Participants are shown a series of complex shapes (that are not easily named) and asked to draw them from memory after they have been taken away. Which of the following statements about this exercise is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A participant hears the sequence "F, D, P, U, G, Q, R," and then, a moment later, must repeat the sequence aloud. If errors occur in this procedure, they are likely to involve

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A behaviorist, like John Watson, is LEAST likely to believe which of the following statements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A participant is asked to look within himself or herself and report on his or her own mental processes. This method is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure which topic within psychology most interests her. Which of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence from anarthric (speechless) patients suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the case of H.M. What does his story tell us about the role that memory plays in our sense of self?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIH.M., whose real name was Henry Molaison...View AnswerShow Answer

It is important to gather evidence from several sources because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If Sheila says, "Pass the salt, please," you are likely to pass her the salt. You'll probably respond in the same way if Sheila (a chemistry major) instead asks, "Could you please hand me the sodium chloride crystals?" This observation seems to indicate that our behavior is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about introspection is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
H.M., whose real name was Henry Molaison...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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