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Which of the following is attracted to the hydrogen "end" of a water molecule, as depicted in this figure? Which of the following is attracted to the hydrogen  end  of a water molecule, as depicted in this figure?   A)  NaCl B)  Na+ C)  H D)  Cl-


A) NaCl
B) Na+
C) H
D) Cl-

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Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of protons.

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The attractive force that holds two or more water molecules together is an example of an ionic bond.

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What determines the cohesiveness of water molecules?


A) Ionic bonds
B) Hydrophobic interactions
C) Covalent bonds
D) Hydrogen bonds

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An atom of nitrogen attracts electrons more strongly than an atom of hydrogen. In an ammonia molecule (NH3) , which of the following best describes the electrical charge of the individual atoms?


A) The nitrogen becomes neutral.
B) The nitrogen is slightly more negative.
C) The hydrogens are strongly negative.
D) The nitrogen is slightly positive.
E) Charges balance out and none of the atoms has any charge.

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All animals need oxygen gas (O2) for their primary cellular- level functioning. Inside the cell, O2 is split apart into oxygen atoms. Eventually, electrons that are flowing through the cell will be "received" by this oxygen. But f electrons combine with protons present in the cell to form a basic element that has a single proton and a single el Then this element combines with the oxygen to form a certain chemical compound. In this scenario, what chemical compound is produced when this element combines with oxygen?


A) Water (H2O)
B) Bicarbonate (HCO3)
C) Ozone (O3)
D) Carbon dioxide (CO2)

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A

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of _ .

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Imagine that you are trying to make a homemade salad dressing and place several drops of olive oil into a container of water. You stir the solution, but the oil doesn't readily mix. Instead, you observe a glistening clump of oil floating on the surface. Explain what is happening at the molecular level. (Your answer should include the term hydrophobic.)

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When oil molecules are together in water...

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A basilisk lizard can run across the surface of a pond due to a property of water called .

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Iron is an important element in human body cells. If iron has an atomic number of 26, what does this tell you about this element?


A) An iron atom has 13 protons and 13 neutrons.
B) An iron atom has 13 electrons and 13 protons.
C) An iron atom has 26 protons.
D) An iron atom is unable to become an isotope.

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Different types of living matter often have different forms of the same elements in their bodies. For example, the nitrogen in an animal often has a slightly different atomic structure than the nitrogen in a plant. Recently, nutriti have discovered how to deduce the diets of various animal species by examining the type of nitrogen (and other elements) inside their bodies. What is the chemical basis behind this scenario?


A) Covalent bonds result when two atoms share electrons.
B) Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but different atomic masses.
C) Hydrophobic interactions keep water molecules from forming bonds with fats and oils.
D) Antioxidants buffer the potential damage that free radicals do to cells.
E) Radioactive elements can be used to trace the paths of molecules through the body.

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The hydrogen bond between two water molecules forms because water is


A) polar.
B) hydrophobic.
C) nonpolar.
D) a large molecule.
E) a small molecule.

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What is meant by the statement that water has a high specific heat?


A) Water freezes easily.
B) The boiling point of water is low.
C) It can absorb a lot of energy without changing temperature.
D) It grows hot quickly.
E) Water can heat up to only a certain temperature.

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Which of the following represents a molecule characterized by polar covalent bonding?


A) O2
B) H2O
C) H2
D) NaCl
E) CH4

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If you place a feather on the surface of a bowl of water, the feather remains suspended on the surface due to the


A) polarity of the water.
B) fact that water is a good solvent.
C) density of the water.
D) surface tension of the water.

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D

What property of water, in which water molecules stick to each other, is responsible for the ability of plants to get water from their roots up to their leaves?

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Polar covalent bonds form when


A) more than one pair of electrons is shared.
B) electrons are shared unequally between atoms.
C) atoms from two molecules are repelling each other.
D) an acid and a base are combined.
E) ions are formed.

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The fact that salt dissolves in water is best explained by the


A) hydrophobic nature of salt.
B) ionic nature of water molecules.
C) slightly charged nature of water molecules.
D) polar nature of water molecules.
E) hydrophobic nature of the water.

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D

To maintain a constant pH, buffers act to either accept or release H+.

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What happens when hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates in pure water?


A) The HCl molecules separate into H+ and Cl- ions.
B) The concentration of OH- ions increases.
C) The HCl molecules float on top of the water.
D) The pH of the solution increases.
E) The water has a decrease of H+ ions.

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