Question 1

The concept of self as "sociable" maybe central to one's ________,enjoying a special status as a salient identity or ___________.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-identity,self-esteem
B)  Self-definition,self-schema
C)  Self-enhancement,self-esteem
D)  Self-concept,self-representation

Question 2

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-esteem refers to the cognitive and affective evaluations we make about ourselves.One way of understanding the origin of self-esteem is through cultural worldviews.
B)  Self-esteem is a psychological phenomenon created by humans as a buffer against the terror that is associated with the knowledge of the inevitability of one's death
C)  Self-esteem is "a culturally based construction that consists of viewing oneself as living up to specific contingencies of value,derived from the culture at large,but integrated into a unique individualized worldview by each person"
D)  Self-esteem is often not correlated with objective standards of competence or performance

Question 3

Which one is a definition of self-concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  The idea or images that one has about oneself and how and why one behaves
B)  A psychological construct that people create in order to help themselves understand themselves and their world better
C)  The tendency to downplay one's virtues
D)  The cognitive and affective evaluations we make about ourselves A

Question 4

Recent studies (described also in Chapter 9) demonstrate that bicultural individuals have multiple cultural systems in their minds,and access one or the other depending on the context in which they are in.This is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural frame switching
B)  Cultural exchanging
C)  Culture shock
D)  Enculturation A

Question 5

What can we learn through the statement below? "From this perspective,then,each individual human's name and identity,family and social identifications,goals and aspirations,occupation and title,are humanly created adornments draped over an animal that,in the cosmic scheme of things,may be no more significant or enduring than any individual potato,pineapple,or porcupine.But it is this elaborate drapery that provides us with the fortitude to carry on despite the uniquely human awareness of our mortal fate" (Pyszczynski,Greenberg,Solomon,Arndt,& Schimel,2004) .

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans create cultural worldviews
B)  Human nature
C)  Social interaction skills
D)  Human society

Question 6

According to Matsumoto et al.(1996),cultural values of people of different cultures differ depending on the specific context in which they are in.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is correct in terms of the independent construal of self?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals focus on external attributes
B)  It does not express themselves in public
C)  It is a sense of self that views the self as a bounded entity,clearly separated from relevant others.
D)  It is a characteristic of people in individualistic cultures

Question 8

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sense of self is critically important and integral to determining our own thoughts,feelings,and actions,and how we view the world and ourselves and others in that world
B)  Our sense of self is not at the core of our being,unconsciously and automatically influencing our every thought,action,and feeling
C)  Paul Ekman (1972) described the self as "a bounded,unique,more or less integrated motivational and cognitive universe; a dynamic center of awareness"
D)  None of them is correct

Question 9

Who used the independent vs.interdependent self-construal theory to describe two fundamentally different senses of self ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Markus and Kitayama (1991) 
B)  Triandis,1989
C)  Komilla,and Rettek (1995) 
D)  Matsumoto,Kudoh,& Takeuchi,1996

Question 10

This is the tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors (Bradley,1978) and a bias in which people tend to attribute good deeds and successes to their own internal attributes,but attribute bad deeds or failures to external factors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-discrepancy
B)  Self-esteem
C)  Self-image
D)  Self-serving bias

Question 11

It suggests humans have unique cognitive abilities,so they are the only animals that are aware of the fact that they will die eventually.They are afraid,terrified in fact,of that inevitable death.

Accepted Answer

A)  Terror management theory
B)  dependent self-construal theory
C)  Interdependent self-construal theory
D)  Suicide theory A

Question 12

Cultural reaffirmation effect is the amplified endorsement of home cultural values by bicultural individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What does the following statement explain? Parent-child sleeping arrangements are an example of a cultural practice,representing a specific way in which people of a culture manage their emotional expressions in a social context.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural adjustment
B)  Cultural worldviews
C)  Acculturation
D)  Cultural practices

Question 14

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cultural values of people of different cultures differ depending on the specific context in which they are located.
B)  People switch from one mode to the other depending on context (Bhawuk & Brislin,1992) 
C)  Different behaviors can be elicited in the same individuals if different self-construals are primed
D)  Contextual influences do not exist in our behaviors

Question 15

Which one of the following is inaccurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The concept of self is an important product of human cultures
B)  Culture practices refer to the discrete,observable,objective,and behavioral aspects of human activities in which people engage related to culture
C)  Cultural practices refer to the doing of culture
D)  All of them are accurate

Question 16

An individual is not recognized as a member by the group to which he or she identifies him/herself.

Accepted Answer

A)  Isolation
B)  Identity denial
C)  Self-confusion
D)  Resistance

Question 17

____ refer(s) to the discrete,observable,objective,and behavioral aspects of human activities in which people engage related to culture.What does this refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural practices
B)  Cultural worldviews
C)  Cultural specific views
D)  Cultural chaos

Question 18

The concept of____ is a cognitive generalization about who one believes one is,and an important and integral part of one's cultural worldviews.What concept is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self
B)  Belief
C)  Intelligence
D)  Knowledge

Question 19

Which one of the Cousins (1989) findings is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Japanese respondents actually generated a greater number of abstract internal attributes (for example,I am hardworking,I am trustworthy,I am lazy) than Americans.
B)  American respondents tended to qualify their descriptions
C)  Americans may have felt awkward providing self-descriptions because their self-definitions typically are not qualified by specific situations.
D)  All of them are correct

Question 20

With regard to the independent construal of self,individuals focus less on ____ than internal attributes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal
B)  Group ability
C)  Intelligence
D)  Personality traits

Exam 13: Culture and Social Behavior Self and Identity

The concept of self as "sociable" maybe central to one's ,enjoying a special status as a salient identity or ___.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one is a definition of self-concept?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Recent studies (described also in Chapter 9) demonstrate that bicultural individuals have multiple cultural systems in their minds,and access one or the other depending on the context in which they are in.This is known as

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

According to Matsumoto et al.(1996),cultural values of people of different cultures differ depending on the specific context in which they are in.

Correct Answer
verified

What is correct in terms of the independent construal of self?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is correct?

Correct Answer
verified

Who used the independent vs.interdependent self-construal theory to describe two fundamentally different senses of self ?

Correct Answer
verified

This is the tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors (Bradley,1978) and a bias in which people tend to attribute good deeds and successes to their own internal attributes,but attribute bad deeds or failures to external factors.

Correct Answer
verified

It suggests humans have unique cognitive abilities,so they are the only animals that are aware of the fact that they will die eventually.They are afraid,terrified in fact,of that inevitable death.

Correct Answer
verified
A

Cultural reaffirmation effect is the amplified endorsement of home cultural values by bicultural individuals.

Correct Answer
verified

What does the following statement explain? Parent-child sleeping arrangements are an example of a cultural practice,representing a specific way in which people of a culture manage their emotional expressions in a social context.

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following is inaccurate?

Correct Answer
verified

An individual is not recognized as a member by the group to which he or she identifies him/herself.

Correct Answer
verified

____ refer(s) to the discrete,observable,objective,and behavioral aspects of human activities in which people engage related to culture.What does this refer to?

Correct Answer
verified

The concept of____ is a cognitive generalization about who one believes one is,and an important and integral part of one's cultural worldviews.What concept is this?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the Cousins (1989) findings is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

With regard to the independent construal of self,individuals focus less on ____ than internal attributes.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Culture and Social Behavior Self and Identity

The concept of self as "sociable" maybe central to one's ________,enjoying a special status as a salient identity or ___________.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one is a definition of self-concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Recent studies (described also in Chapter 9) demonstrate that bicultural individuals have multiple cultural systems in their minds,and access one or the other depending on the context in which they are in.This is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Matsumoto et al.(1996),cultural values of people of different cultures differ depending on the specific context in which they are in.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is correct in terms of the independent construal of self?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who used the independent vs.interdependent self-construal theory to describe two fundamentally different senses of self ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This is the tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors (Bradley,1978) and a bias in which people tend to attribute good deeds and successes to their own internal attributes,but attribute bad deeds or failures to external factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It suggests humans have unique cognitive abilities,so they are the only animals that are aware of the fact that they will die eventually.They are afraid,terrified in fact,of that inevitable death.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Cultural reaffirmation effect is the amplified endorsement of home cultural values by bicultural individuals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the following statement explain? Parent-child sleeping arrangements are an example of a cultural practice,representing a specific way in which people of a culture manage their emotional expressions in a social context.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is inaccurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual is not recognized as a member by the group to which he or she identifies him/herself.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ refer(s) to the discrete,observable,objective,and behavioral aspects of human activities in which people engage related to culture.What does this refer to?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of____ is a cognitive generalization about who one believes one is,and an important and integral part of one's cultural worldviews.What concept is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the Cousins (1989) findings is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With regard to the independent construal of self,individuals focus less on ____ than internal attributes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of self as "sociable" maybe central to one's ,enjoying a special status as a salient identity or ___.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Correct Answer
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