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How do professional societies and associations decide what to put in their standards?


A) The members form a committee that adapts their codes from those of other professional organizations.
B) Members vote on and adopt the standards after extensive discussion and debate.
C) Organizations derive their ethical codes from governmental agencies and guidelines.
D) Members propose their codes and agree to abide by them only after the codes are accepted by consensus.

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Julio conducted a research survey that involved asking students about their academic standards and integrity. He asked the students to not put their name or any other identifying information on the survey. What was he providing the students?


A) anonymity
B) reliability
C) confidentiality
D) obscurity

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If you administered a test without obtaining information on the identity of the test takers, you would be following the practice of ______.


A) anonymity
B) informed consent
C) confidentiality
D) protection from stigma

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The Principles for the Validation and Use of Personnel Selection Procedures reflects the official statement from the Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology regarding professionally accepted practices for ______.


A) training new test developers how to develop testing instruments using commonly accepted best practices
B) developing test instruments to make selection- and development-related decisions
C) selecting, developing, and using test instruments to make employment-related decisions
D) using test instruments in clinical, educational, and organizational settings

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If you wanted to learn more about the personal and legal responsibilities of test takers, what two resources would you benefit most from reading?


A) Rights and Responsibilities of Test Takers and Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education
B) Rights and Responsibilities of Test Takers and Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing
C) Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing and Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct
D) Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing and Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education

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B

Imagine you were creating a test manual for a norm-based test a local test publishing company recently developed. According to your text, which one of the following would you not include in the test manual?


A) directions for how to administer and score the test
B) a sample of each type of test item on the test
C) information to evaluate the test's psychometric characteristics
D) directions for comparing scores with scores of norm groups

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All test users have the ethical responsibility to abide by what professional practice standards?


A) those within their profession and those that apply to all professions
B) those within their profession and at their discretion those that apply to all professions
C) those that apply to all professions and at their discretion those within their profession
D) those that apply to all professions

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In addition to truthfully marketing the psychological tests they sell, test publishers have a responsibility to include what on their websites?


A) statements of user qualifications
B) statements of test developer credentials
C) evidence of test reliability
D) evidence of validity for intended use

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Perhaps the most important collaborative document on testing is the ______, which the APA prepared with the American Educational Research Association and the National Council of Measurement in Education.


A) Ethical Principles of the APA
B) Code of Fair Testing Practices
C) National Association of School Psychologists' Code of Ethics
D) Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

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D

If you were delivering a presentation about the American Psychological Association (APA) 's Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education, which one of the following facts would you NOT include in your presentation?


A) the APA originally published the Code in 1988 and revised it in 2004
B) while consistent with the 1999 Standards, it is not consistent with the 2014 Standards
C) the standards directly apply to all types of tests in education, including teacher-made tests
D) the standards in the Code make clear the obligations of educational test developers and users

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A practitioner locates a new instrument for measuring the anxiety of children who are 4-10 years old. Explain why the practitioner must act ethically. What responsibilities for ethical test use does the practitioner have? What actions should the test user take to be sure the test is used ethically?

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blured imageThe practitioner is a test user because ...

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Which one of the following is NOT a test taker right?


A) be informed of your rights and responsibilities as a test taker
B) understand and accept the consequences of not taking a test
C) be treated with courtesy, respect, and impartiality
D) have your test results kept confidential to the extent allowed by law

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If you were delivering a presentation about the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, which one of the following facts would you NOT include in your presentation?


A) Two organizations, the American Educational Research Association and the American Psychological Association, collaborate to publish the Standards.
B) Unless there is a very sound professional reason, anyone who develops and/or uses standardized psychological tests and assessments should follow the Standards.
C) The Standards are available as a 230-page book, organized into three parts: foundations, operations, and testing applications.
D) The Standards provide those who develop and use standardized psychological tests and assessments with criteria for evaluating tests and testing practices.

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Describe test taker's rights to privacy, right to informed consent, right to know and understand results, and right to protection from stigma. Give an example of an applicable situation for each.

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\(\bullet\)Right to privacy o Test takers have the right to privacy and confidentiality--that disclosed personal information will be kept private and will not be shared with others without their explicit permission. \(\bullet\)Right to informed consent o Test takers have the right of self-determination, meaning that test users should provide test takers with the information they need prior to testing so the test takers can make an informed choice about whether to continue with testing. \(\bullet\)Right to know and understand results o Test takers (or their designated representative such as a parent if the test taker is a minor) have the right to receive an explanation of the test results from a qualified professional. \(\bullet\)Right to protection from stigma o When communicating the results of psychological tests, test users should avoid using stigmatizing labels such as feebleminded and addictive personality and instead use language that can help to facilitate positive growth and development.

Joyce Adams, a clinical psychologist, administered a personality test to her client, John. When delivering the results, Dr. Adams avoided words such as "narcissist" and "feedbleminded" and instead used words to facilitate positive growth and development. Dr. Adams was ensuring she ______.


A) provided John a positive experience
B) protected John's privacy and confidentiality
C) protected John's self-determination
D) protected John from stigma

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Which one of the following is NOT one of the three parts of the American Psychological Association's 2010 Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct?


A) general principles
B) specific principles
C) ethical Standards
D) 2010 amendments

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A lack of test security ______.


A) has caused some test users to be sued by test takers
B) is mainly the result of the test taker
C) is inappropriate, but it rarely has serious consequences
D) may result in psychological injury to test taker

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Ethical standards are ______.


A) rules of conduct or procedures recognized by a city or state
B) laws and doctrines established by governmental bodies
C) published guidelines that guide the work of those who practice in a field
D) regulations established by one or persons more a community authorizes

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If you explained to a group of test takers why they were being tested and the purpose of the test, you would be ensuring the test takers had the right to ______.


A) self-determination
B) anonymity
C) privacy
D) confidentiality

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Lack of which one of the following can contribute to invalidating test results and result in psychological injury to individuals?


A) test security
B) self-determination
C) confidentiality
D) anonymity

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