Question 1

You discover a rare new bird species, but you are unable to observe its mating behavior. You see that the male is large and ornamental compared with the female. On this basis, you can probably conclude that the species is

Accepted Answer

A)   polygamous.
B)   monogamous.
C)   polyandrous.
D)   promiscuous.
E)   agonistic.

Question 2

Listed below are several examples of types of animal behavior. Match the letter of the correct term (A-E)  to each example in the following questions.
A. operant conditioning
B. agonistic behavior
C innate behavior
D. imprinting
E. altruistic behavior
-Through trial and error, a rat learns to run a maze without mistakes to receive a food reward.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 3

Every morning at the same time, John went into the den to feed his new tropical fish. After a few weeks, he noticed that the fish swam to the top of the tank when he entered the room. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition.
B)   imprinting.
C)   classical conditioning.
D)   operant conditioning.
E)   maturation.

Question 4

Which of the following might affect the foraging behavior of an animal in the context of optimal foraging?

Accepted Answer

A)   risk of predation
B)   prey size
C)   prey defenses
D)   prey density
E)   All of the options are correct.

Question 5

-The behavior of most animals is influenced by the periods of daylight and darkness in the environment. Fiddler crabs' courtship behaviors are instead synchronized by the 29 1/2-day cycle of the moon. What is the adaptive significance of using lunar cues?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fiddler crab courtship ritual is highly visual so individuals need the light of the full moon to be able to observe courtship displays.
B)   Egg maturation in fiddler crab females takes 29 1/2 days.
C)   By courting at full and new moon, fiddler crabs link their reproduction to times of highest tides that disperse larvae to safer, deeper waters.
D)   The algae that larval fiddler crabs consume for energy and metabolism blooms on a monthly cycle, so recently hatched larvae have plenty to eat during a crucial time of their life.
E)   It takes about 29 days for a fiddler crab to reach sexual maturity.

Question 6

A female cat in heat urinates more often and in many places. Male cats congregate near the urine deposits and fight with each other. Which of the following would be an ultimate cause of the male cats' response to the female's urinating behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   The males have learned to recognize the specific odor of the urine of a female in heat.
B)   When the males smelled the odor, various neurons in their brains were stimulated.
C)   Responding to the odor means locating reproductively receptive females.
D)   Male cats' hormones are triggered by the odor released by the female.
E)   The odor serves as a releaser for the instinctive behavior of the males.

Question 7

Circannual rhythms in birds are influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)   periods of food availability.
B)   reproductive readiness.
C)   periods of daylight and darkness.
D)   magnetic fields.
E)   lunar cycles.

Question 8

Parental protective behavior in turkeys is triggered by the cheeping sound of young chicks. What term best applies to this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   sign stimulus
B)   cognition
C)   imprinting
D)   classical conditioning
E)   operant conditioning

Question 9

The presence of altruistic behavior is most likely due to kin selection, a theory maintaining that

Accepted Answer

A)   aggression between sexes promotes the survival of the fittest individuals.
B)   genes enhance survival of copies of themselves by directing organisms to assist others who share those genes.
C)   companionship is advantageous to animals because in the future they can help each other.
D)   critical thinking abilities are normal traits for animals and they have arisen, like other traits, through natural selection.
E)   natural selection has generally favored the evolution of exaggerated aggressive and submissive behaviors to resolve conflict without grave harm to participants.

Question 10

Fred and Joe, two unrelated, mature male gorillas, encounter one another. Fred is courting a female. Fred grunts as Joe comes near. As Joe continues to advance, Fred begins drumming (pounding his chest) and bares his teeth. Joe then rolls on the ground on his back, gets up, and quickly leaves. This behavioral pattern is repeated several times during the mating season. Choose the most specific behavior described by this example.

Accepted Answer

A)   agonistic behavior
B)   territorial behavior
C)   learned behavior
D)   social behavior
E)   fixed action pattern

Question 11

Which of the following shows the adaptive significance of cognitive mapping to animals that employ this type of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   It increases the ability to visually recognize landmarks.
B)   Cognitive maps reduce the amount of detail required to remember the location of an object in the animal's environment.
C)   Animals can locate essential locations in their environment, such as nests, hazards, and feeding areas.
D)   Animals can outmaneuver predators by planning and memorizing getaway routes.
E)   Animals can determine their position relative to landmarks by a triangulation process.

Question 12

The mating system in which females are more ornamented than males is

Accepted Answer

A)   monogamy.
B)   promiscuity.
C)   polygamy.
D)   polygyny.
E)   polyandry.

Question 13

Karl von Frisch demonstrated that European honeybees communicate the location of a distant food source by

Accepted Answer

A)   performing a short, straight run during a waggle dance.
B)   performing a long, straight run during a waggle dance.
C)   performing a round dance with fast rotations.
D)   emanating minute amounts of stimulus pheromone.
E)   varying wing vibration frequency.

Question 14

Listed below are several examples of types of animal behavior. Match the letter of the correct term (A-E)  to each example in the following questions.
A. operant conditioning
B. agonistic behavior
C innate behavior
D. imprinting
E. altruistic behavior
-A mother goat can recognize its own kid by smell.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   E

Question 15

Which of the following statements about evolution of behavior is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Natural selection will favor behavior that enhances survival and reproduction.
B)   An animal may show behavior that minimizes reproductive fitness.
C)   If a behavior is less than optimal, it will eventually become optimal through natural selection.
D)   Innate behaviors can never be altered by natural selection.
E)   All of the statements are correct.

Question 16

Some dogs love attention, and Frodo the beagle learns that if he barks, he gets attention. Which of the following might you use to describe this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   The dog is displaying an instinctive fixed action pattern.
B)   The dog is performing a social behavior.
C)   The dog is trying to protect its territory.
D)   The dog has been classically conditioned.
E)   The dog's behavior is a result of operant conditioning.

Question 17

Although many chimpanzees live in environments containing oil palm nuts, members of only a few populations use stones to crack open the nuts. The likely explanation is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the behavioral difference is caused by genetic differences between populations.
B)   members of different populations have different nutritional requirements.
C)   the cultural tradition of using stones to crack nuts has arisen in only some populations.
D)   members of different populations differ in learning ability.
E)   members of different populations differ in manual dexterity.

Question 18

In the evolution of whelk-eating behavior in crows, which of the following was optimized through natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)   the average number of drops required to break the shell
B)   the average height a bird flew to drop a shell
C)   the average total energy used to break shells
D)   the average size of the shells dropped by the birds
E)   the average thickness of the shells dropped by the birds

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true about certainty of paternity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Young or eggs laid by a female are likely to contain the same genes as another female's eggs in a population of birds.
B)   Certainty of paternity is high in most species with internal fertilization because the acts of mating and birth are separated by time.
C)   Males that guard females they have mated with are certain of their paternity.
D)   Certainty of paternity is low when egg laying and mating occur together, as in external fertilization.
E)   Paternal behavior exists because it has been reinforced over generations by natural selection.

Question 20

Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their expression is only weakly influenced by genes.
B)   They occur with or without environmental stimuli.
C)   They are limited to invertebrate animals.
D)   They are expressed in most individuals in a population.
E)   They occur in invertebrates and some vertebrates but not mammals.

Exam 51: Animal Behavior

The mating system in which females are more ornamented than males is

Correct Answer
verified

The presence of altruistic behavior is most likely due to kin selection, a theory maintaining that

Correct Answer
verified

A female cat in heat urinates more often and in many places. Male cats congregate near the urine deposits and fight with each other. Which of the following would be an ultimate cause of the male cats' response to the female's urinating behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Although many chimpanzees live in environments containing oil palm nuts, members of only a few populations use stones to crack open the nuts. The likely explanation is that

Correct Answer
verified

Every morning at the same time, John went into the den to feed his new tropical fish. After a few weeks, he noticed that the fish swam to the top of the tank when he entered the room. This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

In the evolution of whelk-eating behavior in crows, which of the following was optimized through natural selection?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true about certainty of paternity?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following shows the adaptive significance of cognitive mapping to animals that employ this type of learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following might affect the foraging behavior of an animal in the context of optimal foraging?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Some dogs love attention, and Frodo the beagle learns that if he barks, he gets attention. Which of the following might you use to describe this behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Parental protective behavior in turkeys is triggered by the cheeping sound of young chicks. What term best applies to this behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

-The behavior of most animals is influenced by the periods of daylight and darkness in the environment. Fiddler crabs' courtship behaviors are instead synchronized by the 29 1/2-day cycle of the moon. What is the adaptive significance of using lunar cues?

Correct Answer
verified

Karl von Frisch demonstrated that European honeybees communicate the location of a distant food source by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about evolution of behavior is correct?

Correct Answer
verified

Circannual rhythms in birds are influenced by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?

Correct Answer
verified

You discover a rare new bird species, but you are unable to observe its mating behavior. You see that the male is large and ornamental compared with the female. On this basis, you can probably conclude that the species is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 51: Animal Behavior

The mating system in which females are more ornamented than males is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of altruistic behavior is most likely due to kin selection, a theory maintaining that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A female cat in heat urinates more often and in many places. Male cats congregate near the urine deposits and fight with each other. Which of the following would be an ultimate cause of the male cats' response to the female's urinating behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although many chimpanzees live in environments containing oil palm nuts, members of only a few populations use stones to crack open the nuts. The likely explanation is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Every morning at the same time, John went into the den to feed his new tropical fish. After a few weeks, he noticed that the fish swam to the top of the tank when he entered the room. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the evolution of whelk-eating behavior in crows, which of the following was optimized through natural selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about certainty of paternity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following shows the adaptive significance of cognitive mapping to animals that employ this type of learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following might affect the foraging behavior of an animal in the context of optimal foraging?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some dogs love attention, and Frodo the beagle learns that if he barks, he gets attention. Which of the following might you use to describe this behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parental protective behavior in turkeys is triggered by the cheeping sound of young chicks. What term best applies to this behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The behavior of most animals is influenced by the periods of daylight and darkness in the environment. Fiddler crabs' courtship behaviors are instead synchronized by the 29 1/2-day cycle of the moon. What is the adaptive significance of using lunar cues?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Karl von Frisch demonstrated that European honeybees communicate the location of a distant food source by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about evolution of behavior is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Circannual rhythms in birds are influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You discover a rare new bird species, but you are unable to observe its mating behavior. You see that the male is large and ornamental compared with the female. On this basis, you can probably conclude that the species is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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