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If the means from a two-factor study are displayed in a graph,how can you determine whether there is an interaction between factors?​

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​When the means of a two-factor study ar...

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In a two-factor experiment,an interaction can distort the main effects of either or both factors.​

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The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment.What pattern of results is shown in the data? ​ A1 A2 ​ ​ B1 ​ M = 20 ​ M = 40 ​ B2 ​ M = 20 ​ M = 40


A) ​main effects for both factors and an interaction
B) ​main effects for both factors and no interaction
C) a main effect for factor A, no main effect for factor B, and no interaction
D) ​a main effect for factor A and an interaction but no main effect for factor B

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A clinician claims that the effectiveness of a new treatment varies depending on the gender of the client.Specifically,the new treatment has been shown to be very effective for females,but the treatment has little or no effect for males.In this example,____.


A) ​there is an interaction between the treatment and client's gender
B) ​there is no interaction between the treatment and client's gender
C) there is no main effect of treatment
D) ​there is no main effect of gender

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How many main effects are there in a 2x3 factorial design?​


A) ​two
B) ​three
C) six
D) ​nine

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What statistical technique should be used to evaluate the results from a pre-post control group design?


A) ​a two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA
B) ​a two-factor independent-measures ANOVA
C) a two-factor mixed design
D) ​a t-test

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The following data represent the means for each treatment condition in a two-factor experiment.What pattern of results is shown in the data? ​ A1 A2 ​ ​ B1 ​ M = 20 ​ M = 20 ​ B2 ​ M = 30 ​ M = 50


A) ​main effects for both factors and an interaction
B) ​main effects for both factors and no interaction
C) a main effect for factor A, no main effect for factor B, and no interaction
D) ​a main effect for factor A and an interaction but no main effect for factor B

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In a factorial design,an interaction between the factors occurs whenever ____.​


A) ​the mean differences between the cells are not explained by the main effects
B) ​the mean differences between the cells are explained by the main effects
C) there are differences between the overall column means
D) ​there are differences between the overall row means

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A factorial study measures allergy symptoms before and after taking medication for a group taking the real medication and a control group taking a placebo.What kind of design is being used?


A) ​between-subjects design
B) ​within-subjects design
C) repeated measures design
D) ​mixed design

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D

In a two-factor study,it is possible to have one experimental factor and one nonexperimental factor.​

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In a two-factor experiment with two levels of factor A and 2 levels of factor B,three of the treatment means are essentially identical and one is substantially different from the others.What result(s) would be produced by this pattern of treatment means?


A) ​a main effect for factor A only
B) ​a main effect for factor B only
C) an interaction between A and B
D) ​main effects for both A and B, and an interaction

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How can variance be reduced in a between-subjects design?​


A) ​Use counterbalancing.
B) ​Use a factorial design adding a participant variable (such as age) as a second factor.
C) Use a factorial design with the order of treatments as a second factor
D) ​Reduce the strength of the treatment.

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A factorial study compares the effectiveness of two allergy medications by measuring symptoms immediately before taking the medication,30 minutes after the medication,and 3 hours after the medication.Half of the participants take one of the medications and the rest take the second medication.Which statement accurately describes this study?


A) It is a between-subjects design that uses both the experimental and non-experimental strategies.
B) ​It is a between-subjects experiment.
C) It is a non-experimental between-subjects design.
D) It combines between- and within-subjects designs and uses both the experimental and non-experimental strategies.

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D

A graph of a two-factor study indicates an interaction when the lines on the graph ____.​


A) ​are parallel
B) ​cross or converge
C) are steep in slope
D) ​have the same slope

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In a two-factor design,there are two separate interactions.

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A two-factor study compares the effectiveness of two different treatments (factor 1)by measuring performance before treatment,immediately after treatment,and 3 months after treatment (factor 2)for each participant.Half of the participants are randomly assigned to treatment A and half to treatment B.The results from this study should be evaluated with an independent-measures two-factor analysis of variance.​

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False

A two-factor experimental design evaluates two main effects and one interaction.

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What is the primary limitation of using only two levels of a factor in a two-factor between-subjects design?​


A) ​It is simple to interpret.
B) ​It increases the chances of demonstrating a significant mean difference.
C) It tends to reduce the differences between the groups.
D) ​It may not provide a complete picture of how the factor affects the dependent variable.

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When the means for a two-factor study are displayed in a graph and the lines in the graph are perfectly parallel,what can you conclude about the main effects and interaction?


A) ​There is no main effect for either of the two factors.
B) ​There is a main effect for both of the two factors.
C) There is no interaction between factors.
D) ​There are no main effects and no interaction between factors.

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In a 3x4 factorial design there are ____ main effect(s) and ____ interaction(s) possible.


A) ​three; four
B) ​two; three
C) two; one
D) ​one; two

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