Question 1

All of the following statements about the connections between the Ogallala Aquifer and High Plains agriculture are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  In some areas of the High Plains, farmers are drawing water from the Ogallala Aquifer as much as 40 times faster than nature replaces it and have lowered the water table more than 30 m (100 ft) in some places.
B)  Most hydrologists predict that groundwater will eventually drop in all areas of the Ogallala to a level uneconomical to pump so High Plains agriculture will eventually have to change back to dry land agriculture as it was before the aquifer was pumped.
C)  The High Plains produce about 15% of the nation's grain crops and almost 40% of its livestock using approximately 30 percent of the irrigation water used in the United States.
D)  As there is not that much urban development in the High Plains, the recharge zones for the Ogallala Aquifer are unaffected and thus if managed appropriately, can in fact recharge the aquifer adequately to keep up with current withdrawal rates.

Question 2

Draw a diagram of 2 water molecules and label the following components: hydrogen, oxygen, negative, positive, hydrogen bond. Explain how the structure of water is the basis of water's physical properties and how these properties are beneficial to the biosphere.

Accepted Answer

The diagram should be a figure similar t...

Question 3

An ________ is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An ________ is a partially enclosed coastal...

Question 4

What causes salinization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overuse of road salts in urbanized areas.
B)  Leaking of ocean water into overused aquifers in coastal areas.
C)  Accumulation of salts in agricultural soils due to repeated irrigation.
D)  Increased evaporation and transpiration in urbanized areas. C

Question 5

Which of the following nonpoint source pollutants is INCORRECTLY matched with an effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  soil erosion from logging operations - sediment pollution
B)  animal waste from livestock operations - infectious diseases
C)  road salt from urban streets - low BOD
D)  fertilizer runoff from farm fields- eutrophication

Question 6

The 1922 Colorado River Compact regulates the annual amount of water which flows into the lower Colorado and the upper Colorado.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The steps in purification of drinking water are:

Accepted Answer

A)  settling of suspended solids --- filtration - disinfection
B)  primary treatment --- secondary treatment --- disinfection
C)  filtration --- coagulation --- distribution
D)  chlorination --- secondary sedimentation --- tertiary treatment

Question 8

Why is thermal pollution a problem for fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  It reduces the amount of oxygen the water can hold which results in fish kills.
B)  Warm water increases the spread of infectious disease to fish.
C)  It greatly increases sedimentation rates and the silt and sand clogs fish gills.
D)  The heated water kills fish.

Question 9

_______ is the fertilization of a body of water due to the presence of high levels of nitrogen and phosphate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is the fertilization of a body...

Question 10

How does saltwater intrusion occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salts accumulate in irrigated soils due to evaporation.
B)  Road salts used in urbanized areas, run off into nearby rivers and streams.
C)  Naturally salty water is released from confined aquifers via artesian wells.
D)  Ocean water moves into freshwater aquifers before they can recharge.

Question 11

Mercury:

Accepted Answer

A)  is a persistent organic toxic compound.
B)  is a persistent inorganic toxic compound.
C)  is a form of thermal pollution.
D)  emissions are strictly regulated by the electrostatic precipitator.

Question 12

_________ refers to the removal of salts and minerals from saline water producing water suitable for human consumption or irrigation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________ refers to the removal of salts...

Question 13

Nonpoint source pollution is pollution that can be traced to a specific point of entry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Areas of land covered with water for at least part of the year are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  a pond
B)  a wetland
C)  groundwater
D)  an aquifer B

Question 15

Compare the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act. Briefly discuss the effectiveness of each act and highlight any areas in which pollution is still "escaping" regulation.

Accepted Answer

Two U.S. laws having the most impact on ...

Question 16

Approximately 20 percent of the world's population lives in India but only has access to 4 percent of the world's freshwater.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is the basis for water's high melting / freezing point?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water molecules have a non-polar structure.
B)  It forms hydrogen bonds between adjacent molecules.
C)  Water molecules can form ionic bonds.
D)  Because it is a positive ion. B

Question 18

__________ treatment of wastewater involves removing suspended and floating particles through mechanical processes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ treatment of wastewater involves removing suspended...

Question 19

What typically happens to estuaries when surface waters are overdrawn?

Accepted Answer

A)  They dry up.
B)  They become less salty.
C)  They become saltier.
D)  They can no longer be used for drinking water or for irrigation.

Question 20

Given the data in the graph below, at what approximate distance downstream from the sewage spill will a fish kill be most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 km
B)  5 km
C)  50 km
D)  75 km

Exam 10: Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution

All of the following statements about the connections between the Ogallala Aquifer and High Plains agriculture are true EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Draw a diagram of 2 water molecules and label the following components: hydrogen, oxygen, negative, positive, hydrogen bond. Explain how the structure of water is the basis of water's physical properties and how these properties are beneficial to the biosphere.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe diagram should be a figure similar t...View AnswerShow Answer

An ________ is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What causes salinization?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following nonpoint source pollutants is INCORRECTLY matched with an effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 1922 Colorado River Compact regulates the annual amount of water which flows into the lower Colorado and the upper Colorado.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The steps in purification of drinking water are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is thermal pollution a problem for fish?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is the fertilization of a body of water due to the presence of high levels of nitrogen and phosphate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does saltwater intrusion occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mercury:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_________ refers to the removal of salts and minerals from saline water producing water suitable for human consumption or irrigation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nonpoint source pollution is pollution that can be traced to a specific point of entry.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Areas of land covered with water for at least part of the year are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Compare the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act. Briefly discuss the effectiveness of each act and highlight any areas in which pollution is still "escaping" regulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedTwo U.S. laws having the most impact on ...View AnswerShow Answer

Approximately 20 percent of the world's population lives in India but only has access to 4 percent of the world's freshwater.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the basis for water's high melting / freezing point?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

__________ treatment of wastewater involves removing suspended and floating particles through mechanical processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What typically happens to estuaries when surface waters are overdrawn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the data in the graph below, at what approximate distance downstream from the sewage spill will a fish kill be most likely?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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Two U.S. laws having the most impact on ...
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B

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