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Upon which of the following is vicarious responsibility based?


A) duty of care
B) proximate cause
C) consent decree
D) respondeat superior

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A police officer who encounters a sleeping homeless person and uses his nightstick to beat the man unconscious could be subject to which type of tort?


A) accidental
B) negligent
C) intentional
D) deliberate

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The three categories of torts that are typically filed against criminal justice professionals include negligence, ______ torts, and constitutional torts.


A) civil
B) intentional
C) accidental
D) malicious

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A local police department creates policies that help maintain peace but also protects citizen's rights to peaceably assemble in protest.Which of the following does this exemplify?


A) warrior mindset
B) soldier mindset
C) constitutional policing
D) police legitimacy

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A police officer operating a patrol car while driving drunk can be subject to which type of tort?


A) accidental
B) negligent
C) intentional
D) constitutional

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Which is a primary concern in using new technology for policing?


A) cost of equipment
B) wrongful conviction
C) privacy
D) equality

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A high number of police shooting that began in the U.S.in 2014 often involved unarmed ______.


A) demonstrators
B) juveniles
C) women
D) minorities

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Which of the following is a reason police brutality persists according to the Human Rights Watch's report responding to excessive use of force?


A) A majority of police officers repeatedly commit human rights violations.
B) Systems of reporting are flawed and lack accountability.
C) It is difficult to define objectively reasonable forms of force.
D) There is a lack of information on appropriate use of force among police departments.

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Women currently comprise what percentage of the total police force?


A) 2%
B) 10%
C) 12%
D) 20%

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Diversifying police agencies may help develop harmony by emphasizing which pillar of procedural justice?


A) fairness to all
B) voice
C) transparency
D) unbiased decision making

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The ______ Amendment protects against the use of excessive force.


A) Fourth
B) Fifth
C) Sixth
D) Tenth

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Officer liability may be tied to proximate cause, a concept that states the officer's intentional or wrongful actions caused harm to others.

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Autonomous vehicles will likely bring a world in which drivers do not commit traffic violations or cause traffic crashes.

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A community stages demonstrations that protest the moral authority of their local police department.During the protest, demonstrators avoid cooperating with police and advocate that citizens video tape all interactions with police in case it becomes a negative encounter.In this example, there is a low level of ______.


A) procedural justice
B) constitutional policing
C) a guardian mindset
D) police legitimacy

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Explain the relationship between constitutional policing and community policing.

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Constitutional policing and community po...

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A state water patrol trooper arrests a woman for being intoxicated and operating a boat on a public lake.After handcuffing the woman, the officer straps a lifejacket around the woman and begins to drive his boat quickly to the dock.While accelerating, the woman falls into the water.Since the lifejacket was not secured correctly, the woman is unable to tread water and drowns.Which of the following has the officer neglected?


A) duty of care
B) vicarious liability
C) consent decree
D) respondeat superior

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What type of responsibility do police officers have with regard to persons in custody?

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Police officers have a significant level...

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What is the duty of care?

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The duty of care is a legal obligation t...

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Explain the concept of vicarious liability as it applies to 1983 lawsuits.

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Vicarious liability in the context of 19...

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Describe the current state of legislation surrounding body-worn cameras.

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The current state of legislation surroun...

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