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Exam 13: Prisons and Jails

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Question 21

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According to various studies,private prisons have not created significant cost savings for the states that use them.

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Question 22

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What made Maconochie's system of marks unique and innovative in corrections at that time?

A) It ensured offenders learned to read and write.
B) It increased the severity of the punishment endured by inmates.
C) It prevented correctional officers from abusing inmates.
D) It put the responsibility for earning early release on the inmate.

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Question 23

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The purpose of mutilation as a punishment for criminal behavior is specific deterrence.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a medium security federal correctional institution?

The emphasis on individual responsibility is a key characteristic of the ________ model.

Which era of corrections was characterized by a lack of innovation and a focus on custody and institutional security?

Federal inmates are most commonly sentenced for

The just deserts philosophy emphasized deterrence as the main purpose of incarceration.

The ________ capacity is the number of inmates that a prison can effectively accommodate based on an appraisal of the institution's staff,programs,and services.

During the ________ era,large numbers of offenders were incarcerated in an attempt to protect society and prevent crime,but rehabilitation was essentially abandoned.

Under the ________ system of inmate labor,private contractors were eliminated and industries were entirely prison-owned and managed by prison authorities.

One criticism of selective incapacitation is the high rate of false positives.

During the Industrial Era prisons intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts by using them as laborers in the community.Define and describe three of the six different systems of inmate labor in use in the early twentieth century.

________ incapacitation seeks to identify the most dangerous criminals and incarcerate them to protect society.

Chain gangs today mainly use jail inmates.

In Johnson v.California,the Supreme Court reviewed California's unwritten policy of racially segregating prisoners each time they entered a new correctional facility,as a way of preventing gang-related violence.What was the Court's ruling,and why?

The early doctrine of ________ reflects the law of retaliation,where a convicted offender is given a punishment that closely approximates the injury to the victim.

The ________ era emphasized custody and institutional security and was characterized by an "out of sight,out of mind" philosophy.

A journalist who is writing an article on prison overcrowding in the U.S.and wants to use the estimate that shows the highest amount of overcrowding would probably choose which definition of prison capacity?

Explain selective and collective incapacitation and discuss the advantages and problems with each strategy.