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Cells are placed in a solution that causes them to absorb liquid until they burst. When some of the water is removed from the solution, newly added cells do not burst. The original solution was __________ to the cells, while the second was __________ to the cells.


A) hypotonic; isotonic
B) hypertonic; isotonic
C) isotonic; hypotonic
D) isotonic; hypertonic

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The genetic material (DNA) is the component of the cell that carries hereditary information.

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If a 5% dextrose solution is isotonic to blood, a 2% dextrose solution would be __________.

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Studies show that chronic psychological or emotional stress as well as clinical depression or obesity can stimulate telomere lengthening.

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What organelle houses enzymes that degrade cellular debris?


A) Lysosome
B) Peroxisome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Nucleus
E) Golgi apparatus

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Receptor-mediated endocytosis is another name for facilitated diffusion.

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Which of the following is not a component of the cell membrane?


A) Proteins
B) Lipids
C) Cholesterol
D) Glycerol
E) Glycogen

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E

During _______, chromatids separate and become chromosomes that are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

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Roughly how many cells are in the adult human body?


A) 200 million cells
B) 750 million cells
C) 1 trillion cells
D) 30 trillion cells
E) 1 quadrillion cells

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D

All differentiated cell types in a human body arise through lineages of stem and progenitor cells.

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During the metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes line up between the two centrioles.

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A cell that secretes abundant proteins, such as a cell in the pancreas secreting insulin, would have extra nuclei.

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Within the nucleoplasm, ribosomes are formed in a small dense body called the __________.

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Vesicles are formed mainly by folding of the __________.


A) lysosomal membrane
B) nuclear membrane
C) cell membrane
D) endoplasmic reticulum
E) mitochondrion

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Why is the interior of a cell membrane oily?


A) The membrane drinks in oils.
B) The phospholipid tails are made of fatty acids.
C) The phospholipid heads are made of fatty acids.
D) The cytoskeleton passes oils to the outside of the cell.
E) The cytoskeleton captures oils from outside the cell.

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If an isotonic saline solution is 0.9% NaCl, a 0.25% NaCl solution would be __________.

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What is apoptosis?


A) A form of secretion
B) A form of cell division
C) An abnormal form of development
D) A response to injury
E) A form of cell death

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A microfilament is made of tiny rods of actin protein.

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An organelle that is a fluid-filled sac with inner partitions studded with enzymes is a mitochondrion.

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True

Among other functions, lysosomesdetoxify alcohol and break down hydrogen peroxide.

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