Question 1

Use the following figure to answer the question.  Which ecosystem, if completely converted by humans to cultivated land, would have the largest negative impact on total NPP?

Accepted Answer

A)   temperate evergreen forest
B)   boreal forest
C)   savanna
D)   woodland and shrubland

Question 2

Which of the following is a reason that a diet consisting primarily of fruits and vegetables results in a smaller ecological footprint than a diet high in meat content?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fewer animals are raised for human consumption.
B)   There is an excess of plant biomass in all terrestrial ecosystems.
C)   Vegetarians require less chemical energy than others
D)   Eating meat is an inefficient way of acquiring photosynthetic productivity.

Question 3

A group of students walking through a coastal rainforest in Vietnam observe a large, beautiful tree towering above. The tree is full of orchids, mosses, birds, insects, arachnids, and millions of bacteria, all interacting with the abiotic environment, including the air, soil, and water of the forest. Which of the following terms bests describe this in the entirety of what they are observing?

Accepted Answer

A)   habitat
B)   microcosm
C)   ecosystem
D)   community

Question 4

Use the following figure to answer the question.  Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and numbers represent species) 
Based on this food web, which species is most likely a decomposer?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   5

Question 5

How is net ecosystem production (NEP)  typically estimated in ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

A)   by detecting the amount of heat energy released by the ecosystem
B)   by measuring gas exchange from vegetation as well as estimates of respiration by all other organisms
C)   by measuring the rate of decomposition by detritivores
D)   by calculating the annual total of incoming solar radiation per unit of area

Question 6

Use the figure to answer the question:  Which arrow, if representing magnitude, should show the largest biomass exiting primary producers?

Accepted Answer

A)   arrow leading to primary consumers
B)   arrow leading to detritus
C)   arrow leading back to primary producers
D)   loss of heat arrow

Question 7

Which one of the following correctly ranks these organisms in order from lowest to highest percent in production efficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)   mammals, fish, insects
B)   insects, fish, mammals
C)   fish, insects, mammals
D)   mammals, insects, fish

Question 8

Use the following figure to answer the question. 2 and heat loss from detritus due to solar radiation and precipitation " class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > In the figure, the jagged arrow leaving microorganisms and other detritivores represents which process?

Accepted Answer

A)   organic compounds broken down by bacteria
B)   energy consumed by bacteria
C)   energy lost from a worm during cellular respiration
D)   CO2 and heat loss from detritus due to solar radiation and precipitation

Question 9

Use the following figure to answer the question.  In the ecosystem figure, which component of the food web has the potential to lose the most energy as heat?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary and tertiary consumers
B)   primary consumers
C)   primary producers
D)   microorganisms and other detritivores

Question 10

Use the following figure to answer the question.  Diagram of a food web (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) 
If the figure represents a marine food web, tertiary consumers are most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   C
B)   D
C)   E
D)   H

Question 11

Use the figure to answer the question:  The blue arrow exiting the left side of the "Primary consumers" box could best be described as which of the following examples of a nutrient transfer?

Accepted Answer

A)   decomposition of dead matter
B)   feces excreted by the primary consumer
C)   predation of the primary consumer
D)   production consumed by the primary consumer

Question 12

Use the following figure to answer the question.  Based on the information provided, which of the following contains the largest source or pool of nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)   industrial nitrogen fixation
B)   nitrogen lost to the atmosphere
C)   internal nitrogen cycling in the oceans
D)   nitrogen fixation by bacteria

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of biological augmentation?

Accepted Answer

A)   adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase nitrogen availability
B)   using a bulldozer to regrade a strip mine
C)   dredging a river bottom to remove contaminated sediments
D)   adding fertilizer to soil poor in nutrients to increase plant growth

Question 14

Many of the organisms in the ocean are nutrient-limited. Which of the following would be the most reasonable approach if you wanted to investigate this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)   observe Antarctic Ocean productivity from year to year to see if it changes
B)   experimentally enrich some areas of the ocean and compare their productivity to that of untreated areas
C)   compare nutrient concentrations between the photic zone and the benthic zone in various marine locations
D)   contrast nutrient uptake by autotrophs in marine locations that are different temperatures

Question 15

As part of the carbon cycle, which of the following reservoirs of carbon is the largest?

Accepted Answer

A)   the ocean
B)   the atmosphere
C)   fossilized plant and animal remains (coal, oil, and natural gas) 
D)   sediments and sedimentary rocks

Question 16

Use the following figure to answer the question.  Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and numbers represent species) 
In the food web, if species 3 is toxic to predators, then which species is most likely to benefit from being a mimic of species 3?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   4
D)   5

Question 17

Which of the following statements about energy is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plants reduce the amount of total energy in a system during the conversion of energy from solar to chemical forms.
B)   The total amount of energy in an ecosystem changes during the process of photosynthesis and respiration as matter is lost.
C)   The amount of energy stored in organic molecules must equal the total solar energy intercepted by the plant minus the amounts reflected and dissipated as heat.
D)   Energy can be created, but not destroyed.

Question 18

What advantage would there be for an ecosystem ecologist to measure net ecosystem production (NEP)  instead of net primary production (NPP) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   NPP cannot be expressed in energy/unit of area/unit of time.
B)   NEP can be expressed in terms of carbon fixed by photosynthesis for an entire ecosystem, minus respiration by producers, allowing the measurement of net CO2 flux.
C)   NEP represents the amount of energy from light converted to chemical energy, minus the energy used by all organisms for cellular respiration, which could indicate whether or not carbon is being stored.
D)   NPP shows the rate at which the standing crop is utilized by consumers.

Question 19

Use the following figure to answer the question.  Which habitat type in the figure covers the largest area?

Accepted Answer

A)   tropical wet forest
B)   rock, sand, ice
C)   algal beds and reefs
D)   open ocean

Question 20

Which of the following are the main forms of chemical inputs and outputs that are recycled within an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)   soil elements, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, chemicals within detritus (dead organisms) 
B)   sunlight and heat
C)   inorganic and organic compounds
D)   water, nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, and heat

Exam 55: Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Use the following figure to answer the question. Based on the information provided, which of the following contains the largest source or pool of nitrogen?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. Which ecosystem, if completely converted by humans to cultivated land, would have the largest negative impact on total NPP?

Correct Answer
verified

As part of the carbon cycle, which of the following reservoirs of carbon is the largest?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following are the main forms of chemical inputs and outputs that are recycled within an ecosystem?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of biological augmentation?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and numbers represent species) Based on this food web, which species is most likely a decomposer?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about energy is most accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. Which habitat type in the figure covers the largest area?

Correct Answer
verified

How is net ecosystem production (NEP) typically estimated in ecosystems?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. Diagram of a food web (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) If the figure represents a marine food web, tertiary consumers are most likely ________.

Correct Answer
verified

What advantage would there be for an ecosystem ecologist to measure net ecosystem production (NEP) instead of net primary production (NPP) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and numbers represent species) In the food web, if species 3 is toxic to predators, then which species is most likely to benefit from being a mimic of species 3?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. In the figure, the jagged arrow leaving microorganisms and other detritivores represents which process?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the figure to answer the question: Which arrow, if representing magnitude, should show the largest biomass exiting primary producers?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following correctly ranks these organisms in order from lowest to highest percent in production efficiency?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. In the ecosystem figure, which component of the food web has the potential to lose the most energy as heat?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the figure to answer the question: The blue arrow exiting the left side of the "Primary consumers" box could best be described as which of the following examples of a nutrient transfer?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a reason that a diet consisting primarily of fruits and vegetables results in a smaller ecological footprint than a diet high in meat content?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Many of the organisms in the ocean are nutrient-limited. Which of the following would be the most reasonable approach if you wanted to investigate this phenomenon?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 55: Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Use the following figure to answer the question. Based on the information provided, which of the following contains the largest source or pool of nitrogen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. Which ecosystem, if completely converted by humans to cultivated land, would have the largest negative impact on total NPP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As part of the carbon cycle, which of the following reservoirs of carbon is the largest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are the main forms of chemical inputs and outputs that are recycled within an ecosystem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of biological augmentation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and numbers represent species) Based on this food web, which species is most likely a decomposer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about energy is most accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. Which habitat type in the figure covers the largest area?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is net ecosystem production (NEP) typically estimated in ecosystems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. Diagram of a food web (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) If the figure represents a marine food web, tertiary consumers are most likely ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What advantage would there be for an ecosystem ecologist to measure net ecosystem production (NEP) instead of net primary production (NPP) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and numbers represent species) In the food web, if species 3 is toxic to predators, then which species is most likely to benefit from being a mimic of species 3?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. In the figure, the jagged arrow leaving microorganisms and other detritivores represents which process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the figure to answer the question: Which arrow, if representing magnitude, should show the largest biomass exiting primary producers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following correctly ranks these organisms in order from lowest to highest percent in production efficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. In the ecosystem figure, which component of the food web has the potential to lose the most energy as heat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the figure to answer the question: The blue arrow exiting the left side of the "Primary consumers" box could best be described as which of the following examples of a nutrient transfer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a reason that a diet consisting primarily of fruits and vegetables results in a smaller ecological footprint than a diet high in meat content?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many of the organisms in the ocean are nutrient-limited. Which of the following would be the most reasonable approach if you wanted to investigate this phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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