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The Human Side of Enterprise was a management book written by Frederick W.Taylor.

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Under the equity theory, when a worker feels under-rewarded, he or she may take all except which of the following actions?


A) reduce input by working less
B) forget about it
C) ask for a raise
D) leave the work situation
E) do a new comparison to verify the other one

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Herzberg concluded from his studies that managers should focus on ____ factors to produce long-term effort from their employees.


A) motivation
B) hygiene
C) both motivation and hygiene
D) satisfier
E) working condition

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Every year, Barbara and her boss sit down together and discuss what Barbara should accomplish for the next year.Barbara's boss takes time to meet with all his employees like this to motivate them to accomplish their objectives.These actions rely on _____.


A) expectancy theory
B) goal-setting theory
C) equity theory
D) Theory Y
E) goal-motivation theory

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Which of the following stages is not a part of the team development process?


A) forming
B) performing
C) norming
D) adjourning
E) remanding

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Performing is the stage where the team begins to focus strongly on the assigned tasks.

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According to Theory X by McGregor, managers assume that employees


A) do not naturally like work.
B) will work toward goals they are committed to.
C) employees dislike work and will function effectively only in a highly controlled work environment.
D) have the potential to accomplish organizational goals.
E) seek out and accept responsibility.

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All of the following except which are characteristics of McGregor's Theory X?


A) People have the ability to help accomplish an organization's goals.
B) People dislike work and try to avoid it.
C) Managers must coerce, control, and threaten employees.
D) People must be led because they have little ambition.
E) People are concerned mainly with security.

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Debbie is a financial analyst for a health care company in Phoenix.Her husband is transferred to Atlanta, but Debbie's employer allows Debbie to keep her job and work from her new home in Atlanta.Debbie has to travel back to Phoenix for one week every other month to meet in person with company officials.This arrangement is called _____.


A) flextime
B) part-time
C) self-managed work
D) telecommuting
E) long-distance empowerment

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Cindy Jones worked as a welder for BCD Company for ten years before it changed its rigid tuition reimbursement policy.This year, the new education support policy will allow her to take any course that interests her, not just a course in her field of employment.She is very excited about this and has enrolled in two management courses.She has always thought she had the ability to become a good manager.Cindy is attempting to satisfy her ____ needs.


A) esteem
B) self-actualization
C) physiological
D) social
E) safety

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Keith Smith's first year as parts manager for a local dealership was pretty rocky.To ensure that his subordinates would follow through on established goals, he warned them about losing their jobs.Keith's managerial attitude reflects assumptions underlying _____.


A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Theory C
D) Theory Z
E) the equity theory

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Which of the following forms of reinforcement is considered the most effective?


A) positive reinforcement
B) continual, repetitive reinforcement
C) negative reinforcement
D) extinction
E) disciplinary reinforcement

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Determining how the work environment affects the employment productivity was the original objective of


A) Taylor's scientific management.
B) The Hawthorne studies.
C) McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y.
D) Herzberg's theory.
E) Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

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The Hawthorne studies showed that ____ are equal to salary motivation.


A) work surroundings
B) increases in money
C) human factors
D) working tools
E) the ways salaries are earned

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Behavior modification as applied to business management is mainly based on _____.


A) reinforcement theory
B) equity theory
C) Theory X
D) employee participation
E) having an all-salaried workforce

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Things were terrific at X Bank on Elm Street until an unfortunate incident occurred.Before the incident, the bank had installed hidden cameras, a fancy alarm system, and bars on entrance and exit doors.Nevertheless, the bank was burglarized last week.Although no employees were hurt, one of the bank's most loyal and respected tellers said, "For the first time in five years, I feel a bit uneasy, fearful on the job." The bank may find that for this employee and others, the ____ need must now be met.


A) esteem
B) self-actualization
C) physiological
D) social
E) safety

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A manager who believes that employee motivation depends on how much we want something and on how likely we think we are to get it is using _____.


A) Vroom's expectancy theory
B) Herzberg's two-factor theory
C) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
D) McGregor's Theory Y
E) Taylor's scientific management

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Employee participation in decision making is frequently cited as a motivation-boosting technique.

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The American Red Cross is a not-for-profit organization that uses volunteer workers the same way a for-profit business uses paid employees.To encourage volunteers to continue to give their time, the Red Cross thanks volunteers with public recognition.This would be an example of


A) scientific management.
B) piece-rate scaling.
C) Theory X.
D) positive reinforcement.
E) an ineffective reward system.

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Which of the following is not a physiological need?


A) sleep
B) shelter
C) food and water
D) safe working conditions
E) clothing

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