Question 1

A sample is representative if ​

Accepted Answer

A)  only volunteer subjects are used.
B)  it is as different from the population as possible. ​
C)  all subjects are chosen from a single, unusual segment of the population. ​
D)  its composition is similar to the composition of the population. ​

Question 2

The group of subjects selected for observation in an empirical study is known as the _____. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of The group of subjects selected for observation...

Question 3

A researcher who has found that caffeine consumption has a greater effect on behavior in hot weather than in cold weather has detected a(n)   _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable
B)  interaction
C)  control
D)  placebo

Question 4

Jill is part of a group participating in a double-blind research study run by Dr. Craig, who is assisted in his research by Clark. In this case, _____ know(s)  who is in the experimental and control groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  Jill
B)  Dr. Craig
C)  Clark
D)  Dr. Craig and Clark

Question 5

The subjects who participate in an experiment should

Accepted Answer

A)  all be chosen from the same geographical area and socioeconomic class.
B)  be allowed to choose in which group they would like to be.
C)  come from a wide range of age groups.
D)  be carefully chosen so that they represent a sample of the population.

Question 6

Research involving the repetition of a study to see whether the earlier results can be duplicated is referred to as _____ studies.

Accepted Answer

A)  verification
B)  replication
C)  clarification
D)  duplication

Question 7

If A and B are highly correlated, which statement MOST accurately describes the relationship between A and B?

Accepted Answer

A)  The score on A causes the score on B.
B)  The score on B causes the score on A .
C)  Both A and B are caused by a third variable .
D)  The score on A can be used to predict the score on B .

Question 8

Melvin and Leigh are interviewing students at their campus to determine if the students agree or disagree with a proposed policy change. Melvin believes the proposed policy change is a good idea, but Leigh believes the change will be bad for students. Nearly all the students who Melvin interviewed supported the policy change, but nearly all the students who Leigh interviewed disapproved of the change. The differences in the results illustrate the potential impact of ​

Accepted Answer

A)  the placebo effect.
B)  double-blind research studies. ​
C)  confounded dependent variables. ​
D)  experimenter bias. ​

Question 9

A high correlation coefficient (either positive or negative)  indicates that ​

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a high level of consistency between the two variables.
B)  the scores on the two variables are nearly identical. ​
C)  a change in one variable causes a change in the second variable. ​
D)  a third factor or variable is always responsible for the relationship between the two variables. ​

Question 10

Researchers use _____ to specifically describe how a variable will be measured.

Accepted Answer

operationa...

Question 11

You are sitting on a park bench in a major metropolitan area from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and you note the number of people who walk by, whether or not they litter, and their gender. You are engaging in ​

Accepted Answer

A)  casual observation.
B)  naturalistic observation. ​
C)  case study research. ​
D)  experimental research. ​

Question 12

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have ​

Accepted Answer

A)  increased noticeably in recent decades.
B)  increased for mail surveys but decreased for phone surveys. ​
C)  remained relatively constant since the early 1950s. ​
D)  declined noticeably in recent decades. ​

Question 13

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as ​

Accepted Answer

A)  sampling bias.
B)  response stereotyping. ​
C)  a placebo effect.
D)  socially desirable responding. ​

Question 14

A group of researchers wanted to determine whether children would behave more aggressively after watching violent television programming. Half the children in the study watched a violent television show; the other children watched a nonviolent program. In this study, the control group is the children who

Accepted Answer

A)  behave the most aggressively at the end of the study.
B)  watch the nonviolent program.
C)  watch the violent show.
D)  behave the least aggressively at the end of the study.

Question 15

Trevor plans to study the relationship between people's responses to highly stressful situations and their overall health. He decides he must use correlational research, rather than experimental research, to investigate this problem. Trevor will MOST likely choose a correlational method because correlational studies

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to be more accurate than experiments.
B)  have higher internal validity than experiments where there are two dependent variables.
C)  can be used to study either positive or negative relationships, whereas experiments can only be used to study positive relationships.
D)  can be used to investigate factors that would be unethical to manipulate in an experimental study.

Question 16

Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are controlled or observed in a study are called ​

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotheses.
B)  correlations. ​
C)  variables. ​
D)  confounds. ​

Question 17

Dr. Prutherow believes that people who are under stress will develop more colds than people who are not under stress. When he randomly selects ten participants and exposes them to high levels of stress, he finds that nine of the participants develop colds. Based on these results, he concludes that stress causes an increase in colds. Dr. Prutherow's reasoning may be flawed because

Accepted Answer

A)  there was no dependent variable in his study.
B)  there was no control group for comparison.
C)  he didn't formulate a hypothesis before he collected his data.
D)  he didn't measure the independent variable when the study ended.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate? ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Deception has never been used in psychological research.
B)  Although deception has been used in the past, it has recently been banned by the American Psychological Association. ​
C)  In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the use of deception in psychological research. ​
D)  Deception has been fairly common in psychological research since the 1960s. ​

Question 19

Operational definitions are MOST closely associated with which of the following major advantages of the scientific approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  C ommon sense approach
B)  Clarity and precision
C)  Intolerance of error
D)  Logical analysis

Question 20

A(n) _____ is a research method in which the researcher manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and measures whether any changes occur in a second variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _____ is a research method in...

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

You are sitting on a park bench in a major metropolitan area from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and you note the number of people who walk by, whether or not they litter, and their gender. You are engaging in

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Researchers use _____ to specifically describe how a variable will be measured.

Correct Answer
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operationa...
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verified

The group of subjects selected for observation in an empirical study is known as the _____.

Correct Answer
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The subjects who participate in an experiment should

Correct Answer
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A sample is representative if

Correct Answer
verified

A high correlation coefficient (either positive or negative) indicates that

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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If A and B are highly correlated, which statement MOST accurately describes the relationship between A and B?

Correct Answer
verified

Jill is part of a group participating in a double-blind research study run by Dr. Craig, who is assisted in his research by Clark. In this case, _____ know(s) who is in the experimental and control groups.

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher who has found that caffeine consumption has a greater effect on behavior in hot weather than in cold weather has detected a(n) _____ effect.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Correct Answer
verified

Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are controlled or observed in a study are called

Correct Answer
verified

Operational definitions are MOST closely associated with which of the following major advantages of the scientific approach?

Correct Answer
verified

A(n) _____ is a research method in which the researcher manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and measures whether any changes occur in a second variable.

Correct Answer
verified

Research involving the repetition of a study to see whether the earlier results can be duplicated is referred to as _____ studies.

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

You are sitting on a park bench in a major metropolitan area from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and you note the number of people who walk by, whether or not they litter, and their gender. You are engaging in ​

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Researchers use _____ to specifically describe how a variable will be measured.

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The group of subjects selected for observation in an empirical study is known as the _____. ​

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The subjects who participate in an experiment should

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A sample is representative if ​

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A high correlation coefficient (either positive or negative) indicates that ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as ​

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Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If A and B are highly correlated, which statement MOST accurately describes the relationship between A and B?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jill is part of a group participating in a double-blind research study run by Dr. Craig, who is assisted in his research by Clark. In this case, _____ know(s) who is in the experimental and control groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher who has found that caffeine consumption has a greater effect on behavior in hot weather than in cold weather has detected a(n) _____ effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate? ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are controlled or observed in a study are called ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operational definitions are MOST closely associated with which of the following major advantages of the scientific approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) _____ is a research method in which the researcher manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and measures whether any changes occur in a second variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research involving the repetition of a study to see whether the earlier results can be duplicated is referred to as _____ studies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are sitting on a park bench in a major metropolitan area from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and you note the number of people who walk by, whether or not they litter, and their gender. You are engaging in

Correct Answer
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operationa...
View Answer

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The group of subjects selected for observation in an empirical study is known as the _____.

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A sample is representative if

Correct Answer
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A high correlation coefficient (either positive or negative) indicates that

Correct Answer
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The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as

Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Correct Answer
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Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are controlled or observed in a study are called

Correct Answer
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The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

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