Question 1

Which of the following explanations has not been offered for the modest relationship between income and happiness?

Accepted Answer

A)   People engage in both upward and downward social comparisons.
B)   Experiences from over four years back correlated strongly with subjective well-being.
C)   Satisfaction is based on the level of success to which one is accustomed.
D)   Everyone has a different baseline level of happiness.

Question 2

Research by Sbarra and colleagues (2011)  showed that relative to their married counterparts, people who were divorced at the start of the prospective studies were later 23% more likely to die early from all causes of death during follow-up assessments. This risk was most elevated for ____________

Accepted Answer

A)   men and those younger than 65 years of age.
B)   women and those younger than 65 years of age.
C)   men and those older than 65 years of age.
D)   women and those older than 65 years of age.

Question 3

Based on research concerning the link between stress and illness, which of the following individuals is most likely to actually contract a cold if exposed to a cold virus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Craig, who has a Type B personality
B)   Charlotte, who is happily married, but just had an argument with her husband
C)   Sam, who has been unemployed for two months
D)   Miranda, who got a speeding ticket on her way home from work

Question 4

Stress may weaken the immune system in part by

Accepted Answer

A)   allowing production of lymphocytes in the bloodstream.
B)   shrinking adrenal glands, enlarging lymph nodes.
C)   increasing unhealthy behaviors.
D)   alternating periods of physical exertion and rest.

Question 5

Michael, an academically gifted teenager, is devastated that he does not have any sporting skills. He dwells on the belief that he has failed terribly and overanalyzes his lack of athletic abilities; he then falls into a deep depression. This outcome is most consistent with

Accepted Answer

A)   the learned helplessness model.
B)   catharsis.
C)   adaptation level theory.
D)   the self-focusing model.

Question 6

Many social psychologists refer to the concept of happiness using the phrase

Accepted Answer

A)   "self-efficacy."
B)   "subjective well-being."
C)   "learned optimism."
D)   "health mindset."

Question 7

A person's belief that he or she is capable of the specific behavior required to produce a desired outcome in a given situation is called

Accepted Answer

A)   self-efficacy.
B)   control.
C)   hardiness.
D)   internal explanatory style.

Question 8

The process by which we make judgments about the demands of potentially stressful events as well as our ability to meet those demands is called

Accepted Answer

A)   proactive coping.
B)   problem-focused coping.
C)   appraisal.
D)   stress-and-coping process.

Question 9

Anything that causes an unpleasant state of arousal that arises when we perceive that the demands of a situation threaten our ability to cope effectively is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   stressor.
B)   alarm reaction.
C)   explanatory style.
D)   resistance.

Question 10

What is the term that Freud used to refer to a discharging of tension that can act to reduce the discomfort that is caused by stress?

Accepted Answer

A)   Insight
B)   Catharsis
C)   Burnout
D)   Depersonalization

Question 11

Frazier's (2003)  research on blame, control, and coping among victims of rape indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)   assigning blame to the rapist or self leads to less stress.
B)   self-blame is only adaptive when it leads to feelings of future safety.
C)   blaming the assailant is the faster way to recover from the trauma.
D)   the most useful sense of control is over the past.

Question 12

Bernie is about to be attacked by the class bully and thus is under stress. According to the general adaptation syndrome, Bernie can expect

Accepted Answer

A)   his digestive functions to accelerate.
B)   his stress to impede his ability to defend himself.
C)   higher levels of adrenaline in his bloodstream.
D)   local immunological defenses to be activated immediately.

Question 13

Married couples who are financially strained are more likely to experience

Accepted Answer

A)   high levels of satisfaction, but low levels of commitment.
B)   high levels of commitment, but low levels of satisfaction.
C)   illusions of invulnerability in their relationship.
D)   more distress and conflict in their relationship.

Question 14

Social support is associated with all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   prolonging a cancer victim's life.
B)   lowering a person's blood pressure.
C)   suppressing the immune system's response to stress.
D)   reducing suicidal thoughts among individuals infected with HIV.

Question 15

Cognitive and behavioral efforts to alter a stressful situation are called ____ coping.

Accepted Answer

A)   problem-focused
B)   emotion-focused
C)   proactive
D)   restraint

Question 16

After September 11, 2001, Fredrickson and colleagues (2003)  contacted students who had previously taken part in a study on stress and coping. She found that the most resilient of the students were the ones who, among other things, developed a

Accepted Answer

A)   general interest in unfolding world events.
B)   scorn for the attackers of September 11.
C)   determination to prevent such attacks from happening.
D)   sense of anger at the state of international affairs.

Question 17

Prolonged response to job stress resulting in emotional exhaustion, cynicism, disengagement, and lack of personal accomplishment is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   general adaptation syndrome.
B)   PTSD.
C)   burnout.
D)   learned helplessness.

Question 18

Discuss the relationship between involvement in religion and the positive effects of social support.

Accepted Answer

It is clear that religion provides a dee...

Question 19

Research on thought suppression shows that

Accepted Answer

A)   suppressing the display of negative emotion is physiologically beneficial.
B)   suppressing the display of emotion is physiologically taxing.
C)   keeping an important secret does not result in perceiving the world differently.
D)   secret-keeping is critical in building greater emotional strength.

Question 20

Heppner and others (2006)  found that individuals from a collectivist culture rate ____ as the most helpful coping mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A)   acceptance, reframing, and striving
B)   family support
C)   avoidance and detachment
D)   private emotional outlets

Exam 14: Health

Frazier's (2003) research on blame, control, and coping among victims of rape indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term that Freud used to refer to a discharging of tension that can act to reduce the discomfort that is caused by stress?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which we make judgments about the demands of potentially stressful events as well as our ability to meet those demands is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anything that causes an unpleasant state of arousal that arises when we perceive that the demands of a situation threaten our ability to cope effectively is known as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on research concerning the link between stress and illness, which of the following individuals is most likely to actually contract a cold if exposed to a cold virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by Sbarra and colleagues (2011) showed that relative to their married counterparts, people who were divorced at the start of the prospective studies were later 23% more likely to die early from all causes of death during follow-up assessments. This risk was most elevated for ____________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After September 11, 2001, Fredrickson and colleagues (2003) contacted students who had previously taken part in a study on stress and coping. She found that the most resilient of the students were the ones who, among other things, developed a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following explanations has not been offered for the modest relationship between income and happiness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Michael, an academically gifted teenager, is devastated that he does not have any sporting skills. He dwells on the belief that he has failed terribly and overanalyzes his lack of athletic abilities; he then falls into a deep depression. This outcome is most consistent with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stress may weaken the immune system in part by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prolonged response to job stress resulting in emotional exhaustion, cynicism, disengagement, and lack of personal accomplishment is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive and behavioral efforts to alter a stressful situation are called ____ coping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social support is associated with all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Married couples who are financially strained are more likely to experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many social psychologists refer to the concept of happiness using the phrase

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on thought suppression shows that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person's belief that he or she is capable of the specific behavior required to produce a desired outcome in a given situation is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bernie is about to be attacked by the class bully and thus is under stress. According to the general adaptation syndrome, Bernie can expect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the relationship between involvement in religion and the positive effects of social support.

Correct AnswerverifiedIt is clear that religion provides a dee...View AnswerShow Answer

Heppner and others (2006) found that individuals from a collectivist culture rate ____ as the most helpful coping mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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It is clear that religion provides a dee...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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